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林产化学与工业 ›› 2014, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (6): 29-36.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-2417.2014.06.005

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

樟木木屑真空热解工艺的响应面法优化及生物油组分分析

樊永胜1, 蔡忆昔1, 李小华1, 俞宁1, 张蓉仙2, 尹海云1   

  1. 1. 江苏大学 汽车与交通工程学院, 江苏 镇江 212013;
    2. 江苏大学 化学化工学院, 江苏 镇江 212013
  • 收稿日期:2013-10-08 出版日期:2014-12-25 发布日期:2015-08-18
  • 通讯作者: 蔡忆昔,教授,博士,博士生导师,主要从事动力机械工作过程及排放控制;E-mail:qc001@ujs.edu.cn. E-mail:qc001@ujs.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:樊永胜(1988-),男,江苏大丰人,博士生,主要从事动力机械新能源开发与利用;E-mail:yongsheng_fan@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目(51276085);江苏省自然科学基金资助项目(BK2011488);江苏省高校优势学科建设项目(苏政办发[2011] 6号)

Vacuum Pyrolysis of Camphorwood Sawdust Optimized by Response Surface Methodology and Bio-oil Composition Analysis

FAN Yong-sheng1, CAI Yi-xi1, LI Xiao-hua1, YU Ning1, ZHANG Rong-xian2, YIN Hai-yun1   

  1. 1. School of Automotive and Traffic Engineering, Jiangsu University Zhenjiang, 212013, China;
    2. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University Zhenjiang, 212013, China
  • Received:2013-10-08 Online:2014-12-25 Published:2015-08-18

摘要: 以樟木木屑为原料,采用真空热解系统进行了制取生物油的中心组合实验研究,以生物油产率为实验指标,利用响应面法(RSM)对热解液化工艺参数进行了优化,并对在最高产率条件下制取的生物油进行了理化特性、傅立叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)和气质联用(GC-MS)分析.研究结果表明,热解终温、体系压力和升温速率对生物油产率的影响显著,但3者之间的交互作用并不显著.最佳热解工艺条件为:热解终温474.0 ℃、体系压力7.5 kPa、升温速率20.0 ℃/min,在此条件下,生物油产率可达50.25%.与预测值(50.41%)较为接近.樟木木屑真空热解所得生物油的含水量较低(21.35%),热值较高(26.82 MJ/kg),常温下的运动黏度为3.85 mm2/s,密度1.08 g/cm3、pH值3.24和残炭量5.54%;生物油成分较为复杂,其中多种有机物可被进一步提取用作工业原料;生物油中羧酸(8.45%)、醛(26.17%)、酮(14.24%)类等腐蚀性和不稳定组分含量较高,需对其进一步精制,以优化真空热解生物油品质,提高其稳定性.

关键词: 樟木, 真空热解, 响应面法, 生物油, 组分分析

Abstract: Camphorwood sawdust from industrial processing was treated by vacuum pyrolysis for bio-oil preparation. The response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize the process for maximum yield of bio-oil. All factors that affected bio-oil yield, including pyrolysis temperature, reaction pressure and heating rate, were investigated. Furthermore, the physicochemical properties of the bio-oil obtained from vacuum pyrolysis at the optimal conditions were evaluated. The chemical composition was also examined using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and gas chromatograph/mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). The results showed that these three factors had obvious effects on bio-oil yield. However, the interaction between them was not remarkable. The optimal conditions for bio-oil yield were pyrolysis temperature 474.0 ℃, reaction pressure 7.5 kPa and heating rate 20.0 ℃/min. At this condition, the bio-oil yield could reach 50.25% close to 50.41%—the predicted value. Water content and high heat value of bio-oil was 21.35% and 26.82 MJ/kg, and its dynamic viscosity at room temperature, density, pH value and carbon residue content were 3.85 mm2/s, 1.08 g/cm3, 3.24 and 5.54%, respectively. Bio-oil from camphorwood sawdust was a complex mixture, which involve aromatics (26.30%), alcohols (12.14%), carboxylic acids (8.45%), aldehydes (26.17%), ketones (14.24%) and esters (1.18%). It also contained some specific organic compounds, which could be further extracted for industrial raw materials. Further study on enhancing the properties of bio-oil should be performed to ensure economic feasibility in future.

Key words: camphorwood, vacuum pyrolysis, response surface methodology (RSM), bio-oil, composition analysis

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