林业生物质基果蔬涂膜保鲜剂的研究进展

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-2417.2019.03.002

林产化学与工业 ›› 2019, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (3): 10-16.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-2417.2019.03.002

林业生物质基果蔬涂膜保鲜剂的研究进展

许嘉琍^1,²(),张海波^1,²,姚姝凤^1,²,高宏^1,^2,³,商士斌^1,^2,^3,*()

1. 中国林业科学研究院林产化学工业研究所; 生物质化学利用国家工程实验室; 国家林业和草原局林产化学工程重点实验室; 江苏省生物质能源与材料重点实验室, 江苏南京 210042
2. 南京林业大学江苏省林业资源高效加工利用协同创新中心, 江苏南京 210037
3. 中国林业科学研究院林业新技术研究所, 北京 100091

收稿日期:2018-09-26 出版日期:2019-06-28 发布日期:2019-06-26
通讯作者: 商士斌 E-mail:xjl23333@163.com;shangsb@163.com
作者简介:许嘉琍(1995-),女,江苏南通人,硕士生,从事松脂化学与利用的研究; E-mail:xjl23333@163.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划资助项目(2016YFD0600804)

Research Progress of Forestry Biomass-based Film Preservatives of Fruit and Vegetable

Jiali XU^1,²(),Haibo ZHANG^1,²,Shufeng YAO^1,²,Hong GAO^1,^2,³,Shibin SHANG^1,^2,^3,*()

1. Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, CAF; National Engineering Lab. for Biomass Chemical Utilization; Key Lab. of Chemical Engineering of Forest Products, National Forestry and Grassland Administration; Key Lab. of Biomass Energy and Material, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210042, China
2. Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
3. Research Institute of Forestry New Technology, CAF, Beijing 100091, China

Received:2018-09-26 Online:2019-06-28 Published:2019-06-26
Contact: Shibin SHANG E-mail:xjl23333@163.com;shangsb@163.com
Supported by:
国家重点研发计划资助项目(2016YFD0600804)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

由于果蔬极易腐烂、保质期短，如果贮藏不当容易造成巨大的经济损失，因此对果蔬进行保鲜显得尤为重要。目前，常用的保鲜方法是低温贮藏和保鲜剂处理，其中涂膜保鲜技术因其成本较低、保鲜效果良好而备受关注。但常用的化学保鲜剂如二溴四氯乙烷、三唑类等对人体健康有一定的危害。林业生物质具有来源广泛、绿色环保、可持续性等特点，在果蔬涂膜保鲜剂领域得到广泛的研究与应用。主要介绍了多糖、紫胶、松香及其衍生物等林业生物质资源作为涂膜保鲜材料在果蔬保鲜中的应用，着重探讨其涂膜保鲜的效果，分析了目前林业生物质基果蔬保鲜剂存在的问题，并对林业生物质基涂膜保鲜剂的未来发展进行了展望。

关键词: 林业生物质, 保鲜剂, 多糖, 紫胶, 松香

Abstract:

Fruits and vegetables preservation is particularly important, since they are extremely perishable and have short shelf life. At present, the commonly used methods are cryopreservation and preservative treatment. Film preservation has attracted much interest due to its low cost and good effect. However, common chemical preservatives such as dibromotetrachloroethane and triazoles have certain harm against human health. Forestry biomass resources are environment-friendly and sustainable, so the preserving agent formulated with some forestry biomass has been widely applied. The applications of polysaccharides, shellac, rosin and other forestry biomass in fresh-keeping coating preservation of fruits and vegetables are summarized in this paper. The methods of coating film are discussed, and the prospects for the future development of the preservation of modified biomass-based coating film are proposed.

Key words: forestry biomass, preservative, polysaccharide, shellac, rosin

中图分类号:

TQ35
TS206.4

许嘉琍,张海波,姚姝凤,高宏,商士斌. 林业生物质基果蔬涂膜保鲜剂的研究进展[J]. 林产化学与工业, 2019, 39(3): 10-16.

Jiali XU,Haibo ZHANG,Shufeng YAO,Hong GAO,Shibin SHANG. Research Progress of Forestry Biomass-based Film Preservatives of Fruit and Vegetable[J]. Chemistry and Industry of Forest Products, 2019, 39(3): 10-16.

图/表 3

表1

林业多糖基涂膜保鲜剂在果蔬中的应用"

多糖种类 type of polysaccharide	基本特性 characteristics	保鲜剂组成 composition of preservative	改善指标 improved indicator	应用实例 applications
纤维素及其衍生物 cellulose and its derivatives	透气性、抗溶剂性好；但抗菌性、抗氧化性差 good breathability and solvent resistance; but poor antibacterial and oxidation resistance	大豆油、油酸钠和水 soybean oil, sodium oleate and water	失重率，可溶性固形物、可滴定酸及Vc含量，储藏时间 weight loss rate, soluble solids, titratable acid and Vc content, storage time	蜜桔^[7] tangerine
魔芋多糖 konjac poly-saccharide	增稠性、凝胶性、持水性、成膜性及生物相容性好；但溶解性差，溶胶不稳定且有腥味 good thickening, gelling, water holding, film forming and biocompatibility; but poor solubility, sol unstable and astringent taste ^[8]	魔芋多糖，0.5%甘油 konjac polysaccharide and 0.5% glycerol	腐烂率、失重率、Vc含量 decay rate, weight loss rate, Vc content	草莓^[9] strawberry
木薯淀粉 cassava starch	透明性、抗油脂性和热封性能较好；但膜易碎且阻气性差 transparency, grease resistance and heat sealing performance; but film brittle and poor gas barrier properties ^[10]	3%木薯淀粉、1.5%甘油、0.2%巴西棕榈蜡和0.8%硬脂酸 3% casava starch, 1.5%glycerin, 0.2% carnauba wax and 0.8% stearic acid	失水率、呼吸强度 water loss rate, respiration intensity	鲜切苹果^[11] fresh-cutapples
阿拉伯树胶 arabic gum	增稠性、溶解性、成膜性较好；但膜脆性较大 good thickening, solubility and film forming; but brittle ^[12]	10%阿拉伯树胶溶液 10% arabic gum coating	失重率，Vc、可溶性固形物含量 weight loss rate, Vc, soluble solids content	番茄^[13] tomato
桃胶多糖 peach gum polysaccharide	增稠性、透明度较好；但水溶性较差 good thickening and transparency; but poor water solubility ^[14]	1%桃胶多糖 1% peach gum polysaccharide	硬度、总酸度，Vc和糖含量，呼吸速率 firmness, total acidity, Vc, sugar content and respiration rate	樱桃番茄^[15] cherry tomato

表1

图1

图2

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林业生物质基果蔬涂膜保鲜剂的研究进展

Research Progress of Forestry Biomass-based Film Preservatives of Fruit and Vegetable

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