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林产化学与工业 ›› 2019, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (4): 1-8.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-2417.2019.04.001

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生物质焦油模型化合物脱除研究进展

马帅1,胡笑颖1,董长青1,*(),赵莹1,王孝强1,赵锦2   

  1. 1. 华北电力大学 生物质发电成套设备国家工程实验室, 北京 102206
    2. 国网节能服务有限公司, 北京 100052
  • 收稿日期:2019-03-07 出版日期:2019-08-25 发布日期:2019-08-23
  • 通讯作者: 董长青 E-mail:dongcq1@163.com
  • 作者简介:马帅(1992-),男,河北秦皇岛人,博士生,主要从事固体燃料高效清洁利用研究工作
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点基础研究发展计划资助项目(2015CB251501);中央高校基础研究经费资助项目(2018ZD08);国家电网公司科技项目(SGJN0000ASJS1700136)

Research Progress in the Removal of Biomass Tar Model Compounds

Shuai MA1,Xiaoying HU1,Changqing DONG1,*(),Ying ZHAO1,Xiaoqiang WANG1,Jin ZHAO2   

  1. 1. National Engineering Laboratory of Biomass Power Generation Equipment, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
    2. State Grid Energy Conservation Services CO., Ltd., Beijing 100052, China
  • Received:2019-03-07 Online:2019-08-25 Published:2019-08-23
  • Contact: Changqing DONG E-mail:dongcq1@163.com
  • Supported by:
    国家重点基础研究发展计划资助项目(2015CB251501);中央高校基础研究经费资助项目(2018ZD08);国家电网公司科技项目(SGJN0000ASJS1700136)

摘要:

生物质气化过程中形成的焦油不仅降低了生物质能的利用率,增加了系统的维护费用,而且严重影响了气化系统的长期稳定运行,如何高效脱除气化过程中的焦油成为研究者亟待解决的问题。由于生物质焦油的组成成分非常复杂,因此选择具有代表焦油组成特征的模型化合物进行研究具有重要的现实意义。本文从典型的焦油模型化合物的热解机理出发,从实验研究和理论计算两个方面综述了焦油模型化合物的脱除路径;以过渡金属催化剂为代表,概述其催化裂解焦油的反应机理;介绍了催化分解法中最新开发的催化剂以及等离子体法处理焦油的研究进展并总结了各自的特点;最后对未来高效脱除焦油技术前景进行了分析。

关键词: 生物质焦油, 模化物, 催化分解法, 等离子体法

Abstract:

The tar formed in the process of biomass gasification not only reduces the utilization rate of biomass energy while increasing the maintenance cost of system, but also affects the long-term stable operations of gasification system seriously. How to effectively remove the tar from gasification process has become an urgent problem for researchers. As the ingredients of biomass tar is very complex, it is of great importance to select appropriate model compounds that represent the characteristics of tar. Starting from the pyrolysis mechanism of the typical tar model compounds for, the removal pathways of tar model compounds are reviewed from experimental research and theoretical calculation. The reaction mechanism of tar catalytic cracking is summarized with transition metal catalyst as representative. Afterwards, the latest research progress in catalysts and plasma treatment of tar is reviewed and their characteristics are concluded. Finally, the prospect of technologies for efficient tar removal in future is discussed.

Key words: biomass tar, model compound, catalytic decomposition, plasma method

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