川甘亚菊挥发油对赤拟谷盗与烟草甲的生物活性

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-2417.2019.06.017

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

探究川甘亚菊挥发油对2种常见仓储害虫——赤拟谷盗与烟草甲的触杀、熏蒸及驱避作用。生物活性测试结果显示：川甘亚菊挥发油对赤拟谷盗和烟草甲成虫具有一定的触杀活性（半数致死量（LD₅₀）值分别为34.18和22.79 μg/头）和熏蒸活性（半数致死浓度（LC₅₀）值分别为34.21和41.05 mg/L），但其毒力远弱于对照组除虫菊酯和磷化锌，其中除虫菊酯对2种昆虫的触杀活性LD₅₀值分别为0.13和0.09 μg/头，磷化锌对2种昆虫的熏蒸活性LC₅₀值分别为0.17和0.08 mg/L。川甘亚菊挥发油对赤拟谷盗成虫表现出显著的驱避效果，对烟草甲成虫无明显驱避作用。在最高测试浓度78.63 nL/cm²时，挥发油对赤拟谷盗作用2 h和4 h后的驱避率在90%以上，且在其他较低测试浓度（15.73、3.15、0.63和0.13 nL/cm²）下，与阳性对照避蚊胺表现出相近的驱避活性；而在最高测试浓度78.63 nL/cm²时，挥发油对烟草甲作用2 h和4 h后的驱避率在50%左右，明显低于避蚊胺，同时，在其他较低测试浓度下，对烟草甲未表现出驱避活性。

关键词: 川甘亚菊, 挥发油, 赤拟谷盗, 烟草甲, 杀虫活性, 驱避活性

Abstract:

The insecticidal, fumigation and repellent activities of the essential oil extracted from Ajania potaninii against Tribolium castaneum and Lasioderma serricorne adults were investigated. The results showed that the insecticidal activity of essential oil against T. castaneum and L. serricorne adults were median lethal dose(LD₅₀)=34.18 and 22.79 μg/adult, respectively; and the fumigation activity of A. potaninii oil against T. castaneum and L. serricorne adults were medican lethal concentration(LC₅₀)=34.21 and 41.05 mg/L, respectively. However, its toxicities were much weaker than that of Pyrethrin and Phosphine, which had the contact activity (LD₅₀=0.13 and 0.09 μg/adult) and fumigation activity (LC₅₀=0.17 and 0.08 mg/L) against the two insects, respectively. Meanwhile, A. potaninii essential oil exhibited obvious repellent activity against T. castaneum but little repellent activity against L. serricorne. The percentage repellency (PR) value of the essential oil against T. castaneum was more than 90% after 2 h and 4 h at the highest tested concentration of 78.63 nL/cm². Moreover, it showed similar repellent activity with the positive control of DEET at other lower test concentrations (15.73, 3.15, 0.63 and 0.13 nL/cm²). However, at the highest tested concentration of 78.63 nL/cm², the PR value of the essential oil against L. serricorne was close to 50% after 2 h and 4 h, which is significantly lower than DEET. In addition, the essential oil of A. potaninii was shown no repellent activity against L. serricorne at other lower test concentrations.

Key words: Ajania potaninii, essential oil, Tribolium castaneum, Lasioderma serricorne, insecticidal activity, repellent activity

中图分类号:

TQ35
S433.5

梁俊玉,颜珊珊,徐婕,杨盈盈. 川甘亚菊挥发油对赤拟谷盗与烟草甲的生物活性[J]. 林产化学与工业, 2019, 39(6): 123-128.

Junyu LIANG,Shanshan YAN,Jie XU,Yingying YANG. Biological Activity of Ajania potaninii Essential Oil Against Tribolium castaneum and Lasioderma serricorne[J]. Chemistry and Industry of Forest Products, 2019, 39(6): 123-128.

图/表 3

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害虫 insect	处理 treatment	LD₅₀/(μg·头^-1)	95%置信区间/(μg·头^-1) 95% FL	斜率±标准误 slope±SE	方差(χ²) chi square	R值 R value
赤拟谷盗 T. castaneum	挥发油essential oil	34.18	30.02~37.92	3.54±0.33	6.06	0.991
赤拟谷盗 T. castaneum	除虫菊酯pyrethrin	0.13	0.11~0.15	4.69±0.51	6.23	0.987
烟草甲 L. serricorne	挥发油essential oil	22.79	20.63~24.72	5.34±0.57	5.52	0.994
烟草甲 L. serricorne	除虫菊酯pyrethrin	0.09	0.07~0.11	3.07±0.36	6.19	0.996

害虫 insect	处理 treatment	LC₅₀/(mg·L^-1)	95%置信区间/(mg·L^-1) 95% FL	斜率±标准误 slope±SE	方差(χ²) chi square	R值 R value
赤拟谷盗 T. castaneum	挥发油essential oil	34.21	30.36~35.97	5.12±0.67	4.29	0.989
赤拟谷盗 T. castaneum	磷化锌phoszin	0.17	0.17~0.20	5.71±0.21	5.63	0.959
烟草甲 L. serricorne	挥发油essential oil	41.05	36.76~43.67	5.48±0.76	4.51	0.987
烟草甲 L. serricorne	磷化锌phoszin	0.08	0.07~0.11	4.06±0.31	6.27	0.973

害虫 insect	处理 treatment	时间/h	不同用量(nL/cm²)时的驱避率percentage repellency of different dosage/%
害虫 insect	处理 treatment	时间/h	0.13	0.63	3.15	15.73	78.63
赤拟谷盗 T. castaneum	挥发油 essential oil	2	36±14.48	68±10.65	80±10.00	84±9.31	94±7.30
	挥发油 essential oil	4	26±13.66	54±13.66	62±14.61	74±9.31	90±5.77
	避蚊胺 DEET	2	8±5.29	66±9.59	78±13.71	98±2.83	100±0
	避蚊胺 DEET	4	22±8.25	54±8.49	62±5.29	82±8.25	96±3.46
烟草甲 L. serricorne	挥发油 essential oil	2	1±5.29	1±6.98	2±4.36	4±9.31	54±9.31
	挥发油 essential oil	4	1±6.57	1±8.24	2±8.43	3±7.42	50±8.16
	避蚊胺 DEET	2	56±3.43	70±11.83	86±8.48	82±5.29	94±5.66
	避蚊胺 DEET	4	28±13.71	54±13.08	82±8.25	84±3.46	92±5.29

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