生物质气化剩余炭粉制备成型活性炭性能研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-2417.2020.05.013

林产化学与工业 ›› 2020, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (5): 91-98.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-2417.2020.05.013

生物质气化剩余炭粉制备成型活性炭性能研究

许伟^1,²,刘军利^1,*(),邓先伦¹,孙云娟¹,许玉¹,刘光华³

1. 中国林业科学研究院林产化学工业研究所; 生物质化学利用国家工程实验室; 国家林业和草原局林产化学工程重点实验室; 江苏省生物质能源与材料重点实验室; 江苏省林业资源高效加工利用协同创新中心, 江苏南京 210042
2. 中国林业科学研究院林业新技术研究所, 北京 100091
3. 东莞市百大新能源股份有限公司, 广东东莞 523001

收稿日期:2019-10-11 出版日期:2020-10-28 发布日期:2020-10-31
通讯作者: 刘军利 E-mail:liujunli1974@126.com
作者简介:许伟(1988—),男,山东日照人,助理研究员,硕士,研究方向为炭质吸附材料
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划资助项目(2017YFD0601006);中国林科院中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(CAFYBB2019SY031)

Preparation of Formed Activated Carbon Based on Residual Carbon Powder from Biomass Gasification

Wei XU^1,²,Junli LIU^1,*(),Xianlun DENG¹,Yunjuan SUN¹,Yu XU¹,Guanghua LIU³

1. Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, CAF; National Engineering Lab. for Biomass Chemical Utilization; Key Lab. of Chemical Engineering of Forest Products, National Forestry and Grassland Administration; Key Lab. of Biomass Energy and Material, Jiangsu Province; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing 210042, China
2. Research Institute of Forestry New Technology, CAF, Beijing 100091, China
3. Dongguan Baida New Energy Co., Ltd., Dongguan 523001, China

Received:2019-10-11 Online:2020-10-28 Published:2020-10-31
Contact: Junli LIU E-mail:liujunli1974@126.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以木屑气化剩余炭粉为原料，通过添加活化助剂次氯酸钙和使用黏结剂羧甲基纤维素钠、沥青、酚醛树脂成型，经炭化、水蒸气活化，制得成型活性炭。考察了黏结剂种类和添加量、活化助剂添加量、水蒸气活化条件对制备活性炭性能的影响，结果发现：沥青、酚醛树脂作黏结剂时，单独和配合使用都可以制备性能较好的成型活性炭；活化助剂的添加有利于提高制备活性炭的吸附性能，但会影响活性炭强度和得率。当活化助剂添加0.3 g、水蒸气活化温度850℃、水蒸气活化时间45 min、水蒸气流量1.5 mL/min时，沥青（添加量25 g）为黏结剂制备的活性炭AC1、酚醛树脂（添加量6 g）为黏结剂制备的活性炭AC2、沥青（添加量10 g）和酚醛树脂（添加量3 g）共为黏结剂制备的活性炭AC3，3种样品的碘吸附值最高超过900 mg/g，亚甲基蓝吸附值最大达180 mg/g，强度最高为99%，得率最高为32.9%；活性炭的微孔率最高大于83%，比表面积和总孔容积最大达697.04 m²/g和0.38 cm³/g。

关键词: 活性炭, 活化助剂, 黏结剂, 强度

Abstract:

Using residual carbon powder from sawdust gasification as raw material, the formed activated carbon was obtained by adding activating agent(calcium hypochlorite), binders(carboxymethyl cellulose sodium, asphalt, phenolic resin), and then carrying out carbonization and water vapor activation process. The properties of activated carbon were influenced by many factors, such as the types of the binders, the adding amount of binders and activation agent, and the conditions of the water vapor activation. The aforementioned factors were investigated amply. It was found that the formed activated carbon with good properties could be prepared by using asphalt and phenolic resin as binder alone or in combination. The addition of activation agent could improve the adsorption performance of activated carbon, but reduce the strength and yield. Adding activating agent(0.3 g), the activated carbons were prepared by water vapor activation(850℃, 45 min, 1.5 mL/min) via three molding modes:AC1 with asphalt(addition amount 25 g) as binder, and AC2 with phenolic resin(addition amount 6 g) as binder, AC3 with the mixture of asphalt(addition amount 10 g) and phenolic resin(addition amount 3 g) as binder. The maximal iodine adsorption value was over 900 mg/g, the maximal methylene blue adsorption value reached 180 mg/g, the maximal strength was 99%, and the maximal yield was 32.9%. The pore size of activated carbon was mainly microporous, and the maximal micropore content was over 83%. The maximal specific surface area and total pore volume were up to 697.04 m²/g and 0.38 cm³/g, respectively.

Key words: activated carbon, activating agent, binder, strength

中图分类号:

TQ35
TQ424

许伟,刘军利,邓先伦,孙云娟,许玉,刘光华. 生物质气化剩余炭粉制备成型活性炭性能研究[J]. 林产化学与工业, 2020, 40(5): 91-98.

Wei XU,Junli LIU,Xianlun DENG,Yunjuan SUN,Yu XU,Guanghua LIU. Preparation of Formed Activated Carbon Based on Residual Carbon Powder from Biomass Gasification[J]. Chemistry and Industry of Forest Products, 2020, 40(5): 91-98.

图/表 6

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图2

表4

参考文献 24

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样品 samples	元素分析elemental analyses / %				工业分析industrial analyses / %
样品 samples	C	N	H	O	灰分ash	水分moisture	挥发分volatile matter	固定碳fixed carbon
炭粉carbon powder	70. 45	0. 31	3. 24	26. 00	3. 77	4. 31	32. 71	63. 52
杉木屑fir sawdust	49. 73	0. 29	6. 65	39. 6	0. 74	3. 27	81. 20	18. 06

制备条件preparation conditions		碘吸附值/ (mg·g ^-1) iodine adsorption value	亚甲基蓝吸附值/ (mg·g ^-1) methylene blue adsorption value	强度/ % strength	得率/ % yield
沥青添加量asphalt amount	15 g	876	157. 5	90	30. 2
	20 g	892	172. 5	96	31. 6
	25 g	911	180	99	32. 7
次氯酸钙添加量calcium hypochlorite amount	0. 0 g	869	165	99	34. 8
	0. 1 g	880	165	99	34. 5
	0. 3 g	911	180	99	32. 7
	0. 5 g	946	187. 5	95	28. 6
活化温度activation temperature	800 ℃	784	135	99	43. 1
	850 ℃	911	180	99	32. 7
	900 ℃	1022	195	86	17. 3
活化时间activation time	30 min	865	165	99	35. 5
	45 min	911	180	99	32. 7
	60 min	957	187. 5	97	27. 4
水蒸气流量steam flow rate	0. 5 mL / min	803	150	99	36. 2
	1. 5 mL / min	911	180	99	32. 7
	2. 5 mL / min	978	195	91	25. 3

制备条件preparation conditions		碘吸附值/ (mg·g ^-1) iodine adsorption value	亚甲基蓝吸附值/ (mg·g ^-1) methylene blue adsorption value	强度/ % strength	得率/ % yield
酚醛树脂添加量phenolic resin amount	3 g	816	165	91	30. 7
	6 g	735	150	96	26. 2
	9 g	678	135	99	23. 5
次氯酸钙添加量calcium hypochlorite amount	0. 0 g	710	150	96	27. 5
	0. 1 g	714	150	96	27. 1
	0. 3 g	735	150	96	26. 2
	0. 5 g	762	157. 5	94	24. 6
活化温度activation temperature	800 ℃	689	127. 5	98	33. 1
	850 ℃	735	150	96	26. 2
	900 ℃	766	150	83	14. 6
活化时间activation time	30 min	695	135	97	29. 0
	45 min	735	150	96	26. 2
	60 min	807	165	94	25. 4
水蒸气流量steam flow rate	0. 5 mL / min	638	120	97	32. 2
	1. 5 mL / min	735	150	96	26. 2
	2. 5 mL / min	789	165	92	20. 4

样品¹⁾ samples	比表面积/(m²·g ^-1)specific surface area	总孔容积/(cm³·g ^-1)total pore volume	微孔容积/(cm³·g ^-1)micropore volume	中孔容积/(cm³·g ^-1)mesopore volume	微孔率/ % microporosity	平均孔径/ nm average pore size
炭粉carbon powder	0. 64	0	-	-	-	-
AC1	640. 91	0. 32	0. 23	0. 09	71. 88	2. 65
AC2	548. 11	0. 24	0. 20	0. 03	83. 33	2. 33
AC3	697. 04	0. 38	0. 25	0. 11	65. 79	2. 57

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生物质气化剩余炭粉制备成型活性炭性能研究

Preparation of Formed Activated Carbon Based on Residual Carbon Powder from Biomass Gasification

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