非酶法催化木质纤维原料转化制备低聚木糖研究进展

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-2417.2020.06.015

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

低聚木糖(XOS)被认为是最有效的益生元之一，可广泛应用于医药保健品、食品添加剂、宠物食品和饲料等领域。传统的酶法生产XOS的效率低、生产周期长、生产成本较高，难以工业化大规模生产，因此近些年来非酶法催化转化制备XOS成为了该领域研究热点。介绍了XOS的化学结构、理化性质及生理功能，系统综述了酸水解法、蒸汽爆破法、自动水解法(乙酰基辅助催化)、亚临界CO₂辅助自动水解和无机盐催化等非酶法催化转化XOS工艺过程、工艺特点、XOS得率及优缺点。最后，总结了目前该领域研究中存在的问题，并展望了未来的研究方向。

关键词: 低聚木糖, 木质纤维原料, 益生元, 工业化, 非酶法催化

Abstract:

Xylo-oligosaccharides(XOS), as one of the most effective prebiotics, are widely applied in medicine and health production, food additive, pet food and feed, etc. The production of XOS by enzymatic hydrolysis has the disadvantages of low efficiency, long production cycle and high cost, which is difficult for large-scale industrial production. Therefore, non-enzymatic production of XOS has become a hot spot in recent years. This paper introduced the chemical structure, physicochemical properties and biological properties of XOS. Then, the process, technological characteristics, XOS yield and relative merits of non-enzymatic catalysis methods(such as acid hydrolysis, steam explosion, autohydrolysis, subcritical CO₂ and inorganic salt treatment) were systematically summarized. Finally, the suggestions for future research on XOS were provided based on the understanding of problems existing in the current research.

Key words: xylo-oligosaccharides, lignocellulosic materials, prebiotics, industrial scale, non-enzymatic methods

中图分类号:

TQ35

张威伟, 张波, 张乐平, 蒋建新. 非酶法催化木质纤维原料转化制备低聚木糖研究进展[J]. 林产化学与工业, 2020, 40(6): 118-128.

Weiwei ZHANG, Bo ZHANG, Leping ZHANG, Jianxin JIANG. Progress on Production of Xylo-oligosaccharides from Lignocellulosic Materials by Non-enzymatic Catalysis[J]. Chemistry and Industry of Forest Products, 2020, 40(6): 118-128.

图/表 5

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原料 raw material	酸 acid	温度/℃ temp	时间/min time	XOS/ %	木糖/% xylose	糠醛/(g·L^-1) furfural	5-HMF/ (g·L^-1)	文献 reference
玉米芯 corncob	玉米芯 corncob	150	30	22.54	11.39	0.97	0.28	[53]
玉米芯 corncob	玉米芯 corncob	150	30	9.38	4.10	0.09	0.05	[53]
甘蔗渣 sugarcane bagasse	甘蔗渣 sugarcane bagasse	145	60	22.77	1.12	0.02	0.01	[63]
玉米芯 corncob	玉米芯 corncob	140	60	17.52	0.70			[64]
玉米芯 corncob	玉米芯 corncob	150	60	34.42	6.00			[64]
玉米芯 corncob	玉米芯 corncob	160	60	38.30	11.85			[64]
甘蔗渣 sugarcane bagasse	甘蔗渣 sugarcane bagasse	150	30	39.10	7.88	0.46	0.09	[66]
杨树锯屑 poplar sawdust	杨树锯屑 poplar sawdust	170	30	37.60	19.19	0.26		[67]
玉米芯 corncob	玉米芯 corncob	154	47	56.20	17.44			[69]
玉米芯 corncob	玉米芯 corncob	145	75	54.16	22.31	0.23	0.24	[70]

原料 raw material	温度/℃ temp.	时间/min time	总XOS/% total XOS	XOS(D_P 2-5)/ %	木糖/% xylose	糠醛/(g·L^-1) furfural	文献 reference
竹子 bamboo	180	30	47.49	19.16	4.79	0.36	[74]
榛子壳 hazelnut shell	190	5	62	10	4.10		[26]
甘蔗渣 sugarcane bagasse	180	10	30.86	9.13	0.08		[10]
甘蔗渣 sugarcane bagasse	200	10	51.28	50.35	14.59		[10]

原料 raw material	温度/℃ temp.	时间/min time	CO₂压力/MPa CO₂ pressure	XOS/% XOS	木糖/% xylose	糠醛/(g·L^-1) furfural	文献 reference
开心果壳pistachio	182		5	65.0	2.4	0.3	[51]
玉米秸秆corn straw	170	40	5	44.40	4.8	0.34	[57]
甘蔗渣sugarcane bagasse	160	60	5	51.01	8.41	1.21	[75]
小麦秸秆wheat straw	210	1.74	6	70.6	16.1	3.2	[76]

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