烘焙预处理制备生物质清洁成型燃料的研究进展

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-2417.2021.02.015

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

生物质资源来源广泛、储量丰富，是可再生能源的重要组成部分，但因高分散性、低堆积密度、低热值、高吸湿性等问题限制了进一步大规模推广应用。固体成型燃料是生物质大规模应用、替代煤炭等化石燃料的重要途径之一。烘焙作为改善成型燃料理化特性的预处理方法之一，能够提高生物质成型燃料的疏水性，优化其理化特性，是目前国内外研究热点。本文对烘焙预处理过程的影响因素和烘焙产物的理化特性进行了整理归纳，分析了成型过程的影响因素及烘焙成型过程中木质素的黏结机理，阐述了烘焙预处理对制备清洁固体燃料的影响，并对烘焙提质固体燃料工艺应用进行了展望。

关键词: 生物质, 烘焙预处理, 成型燃料, 影响因素, 产物特性

Abstract:

As an important part of renewable energy, biomass resources have a wide range of sources. However, large-scale application is limited due to the properties of biomass, such as dispersion, low bulk density, low calorific value, and high hygroscopicity. Solid briquette fuel is one of the important ways to promote the large-scale application of biomass, which can replace coal and other fossil fuels. As one of the pretreatment methods to improve the physical and chemical properties of briquette fuel, torrefaction can improve the hydrophobicity of biomass briquette fuel and optimize its physical and chemical properties, which is a research hot topic at home and abroad. In this paper, the factors of torrefaction pretreatment and characteristics of torrefaction products were summarized, the factors and the lignin bonding mechanism of the pelletization process were analyzed, the influence of torrefaction pretreatment on the preparation of clean solid fuel was described, and the application of torrefaction and upgrading solid fuel process was prospected. This paper provides reference for promoting the development and application of biomass briquette fuel in China.

Key words: biomass, torrefaciton pretreatment, briquette fuel, influencing factor, characteristics of product

中图分类号:

TQ35

雷廷宙, 辛晓菲, 李在峰, 李金平, 张利亚. 烘焙预处理制备生物质清洁成型燃料的研究进展[J]. 林产化学与工业, 2021, 41(2): 110-118.

Tingzhou LEI, Xiaofei XIN, Zaifeng LI, Jinping LI, Liya ZHANG. A Review of Torrefaction Pretreatment for Preparation Biomass Clean Briquette Fuels[J]. Chemistry and Industry of Forest Products, 2021, 41(2): 110-118.

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材料material	烘焙温度/℃torrefactiontemperature	停留时间/minresidence time	产率yield/%		工业分析proximate analysis/%			热值/(MJ·kg^-1)calorific value	参考文献references
材料material	烘焙温度/℃torrefactiontemperature	停留时间/minresidence time	能量energy	质量mass	固定碳fixed carbon	挥发分volatile matter	灰分ash	热值/(MJ·kg^-1)calorific value	参考文献references
毛竹bamboo	原料raw material		100	100	15.90	82.96	1.14	18.85	^[17]
	210	30	97.36	95.34	17.75	80.94	1.31	19.25
	240	30	91.80	87.53	20.38	78.27	1.25	19.77
	270	30	81.15	72.91	26.55	71.69	1.76	20.89
	300	30	75.11	59.98	33.22	64.80	1.98	23.12
稻秆rice straw	原料raw material		100	100	5.10	82.12	7.74	15.78	^[26]
	230	30	95.6	90.4	9.52	10.66	10.66	16.68
	260	30	83.4	75.0	12.93	13.06	13.06	17.55
	290	30	70.5	59.9	17.61	62.77	18.61	18.57
稻壳rice husk	原料raw material		100	100	19.49	64.56	15.54	15.05	^[27]
	200	30	97	97	19.53	64.71	15.48	16.54
	230	30	94	92	22.64	60.46	16.70	16.79
	260	30	86	83	27.16	54.54	18.09	17.29
	290	30	70	67	37.03	39.84	22.98	17.77

材料material	烘焙温度/℃torrefactiontemperature	停留时间/minresidence time	元素分析ultimate analysis/%					组成分析composition analysis/%			参考文献references
材料material	烘焙温度/℃torrefactiontemperature	停留时间/minresidence time	C	H	O	N	S	纤维素cellulose	半纤维素hemicellulose	木质素lignin	参考文献references
毛竹bamboo	原料raw material		46.12	6.11	47.47	0.05	0.25	49.41	22.87	27.72	^[17]
	210	30	48.54	6.08	45.22	0.03	0.13	56.01	14.03	29.96
	240	30	49.88	6.02	43.98	0.01	0.11	58.41	7.21	34.37
	270	30	53.55	5.60	40.78	0.00	0.07	53.37	1.72	44.91
	300	30	61.23	4.80	33.93	0.00	0.04	43.15	0.71	56.12
稻壳rice husk	原料raw material		41.90	5.32	36.59	0.55	0.18	40.19	19.69	14.43	^[27]
	200	30	42.15	5.25	36.39	0.57	0.17	41.43	19.67	14.71
	230	30	44.43	5.14	32.87	0.69	0.17	38.33	7.61	29.66
	260	30	45.78	4.81	29.01	0.70	0.10	36.58	3.49	35.39
	290	30	49.88	4.26	21.99	0.71	0.18	37.98	0	71.99

烘焙温度/℃torrefactiontemperature	停留时间/minresidence time	平衡含湿量¹⁾/%balance moisture content	平均孔径/nmaverage pore size	比表面积/(m²·g^-1)specific surface area	总孔容/(cm³·g^-1)total pore volume
原料raw material		7.8	25.12	1.67	2.13×10^-2
200	30	4.5	20.85	2.15	2.57×10^-2
230	30	4.2	57.26	1.02	2.95×10^-2
260	30	3.5	28.60	2.87	2.76×10^-2
290	30	3.4	23.51	1.56	2.70×10^-2

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