Pt-La/SAPO-11催化剂一步加氢制备航空煤油及其反应过程探究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-2417.2021.05.010

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

在高压微型固定床中，以Pt-La/SAPO-11为催化剂，蓖麻油为原料进行一步加氢连续催化制备生物航空煤油，探索了不同反应温度、空速、氢气压力和氢气/蓖麻油体积比（氢油比）值对反应生成的C₈~C₁₆烷烃、C₈-C₁₆异构烷烃和C₈~C₁₆芳烃的选择性，以及脂肪酸甘油三酯转化率的影响，得到最佳工艺参数。在温度400℃、氢气压力4 MPa、空速1 h^-1、氢油比值1 000的最优条件下，原料转化率为87.78%、C₈~C₁₆烷烃选择性为58.24%、C₈~C₁₆异构烷烃选择性17.32%、C₈~C₁₆芳烃选择性为10.72%。结合课题组前期研究，推测不饱和蓖麻油酸在Pt-La/SAPO-11催化剂上加氢转化为饱和蓖麻油酸，随后在催化剂的酸性位点生成中间产物醇、酸等中间产物，中间产物在金属位点与酸性位点上通过脱羟、脱羧等反应得到碳氢化合物，最后在加氢、裂化、异构化反应下得到航油组分C₈~C₁₆烷烃。

关键词: Pt-La/SAPO-11, C₈~C₁₆烷烃, 航空煤油, 脱氧加氢, 一步加氢

Abstract:

In order to reduce the use of fossil fuels and explore new renewable energy, bio-aviation kerosene was prepared by one-step hydrogenation of castor oil in the high-pressure micro fixed bed with Pt-La/SAPO-11 as catalyst. The effect of different reaction temperature, space velocity, hydrogen pressure and hydrogen oil ratio(hydrogen volume/castor oil volume, the same below) on the selectivity of C₈-C₁₆ hydrocarbon, C₈-C₁₆ iso-alkanes, C₈-C₁₆ aromatics and conversion ratio of triglyceride were explored. The optimal technological parameters were obtained as follows: temperature 400℃, hydrogen pressure 4 MPa, space velocity 1 h^-1, hydrogen-oil ratio 1 000. Under these conditions, the conversion rates of the product was 87.78%, the selectivity of C₈-C₁₆ hydrocarbon was 58.24%, the selectivity of C₈-C₁₆ iso-alkanes was 17.32%, and the selectivity of C₈-C₁₆ aromatics was 10.72%. According to the previous research, it was speculated that the unsaturated fatty ricinoleic acid was converted into saturated ricinoleic acid by hydrogenation on the Pt-La/SAPO-11 catalyst, and then intermediate products such as alcohols and acids were generated at the acidic sites of the catalyst. The hydrocarbon product obtained through dehydroxylation, decarboxylation and other reactions on metal sites and acid sites, and finally obtained aviation fuel component C₈-C₁₆ alkanes under hydrogenation, cracking and isomerization reactions.

Key words: Pt-La/SAPO-11, C₈-C₁₆ hydrocarbon, aviation kerosene, hydrodeoxygenation, one-step hydrogenation

中图分类号:

TQ35
TQ028.8

张文杰, 陈玉保, 刘莹, 徐锐, 李兴勇, 胡良栋. Pt-La/SAPO-11催化剂一步加氢制备航空煤油及其反应过程探究[J]. 林产化学与工业, 2021, 41(5): 65-71.

Wenjie ZHANG, Yubao CHEN, Ying LIU, Rui XU, Xingyong LI, Liangdong HU. One-step Hydrogenation of Castor Oil Catalyzed by Pt-La/SAPO-11 Catalyst for Preparing of Aviation Kerosene[J]. Chemistry and Industry of Forest Products, 2021, 41(5): 65-71.

图/表 4

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