纳米石墨片/竹炭复合材料的制备、表征及其电化学性能研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-2417.2022.04.008

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以竹炭、鳞片石墨为原料，基于机械力效应，通过高能球磨的剥离和粉碎，然后高温炭化，制备出具有优良电化学性能的纳米石墨片/竹炭(GN/BC)复合材料；同时在相同条件下，以不添加鳞片石墨制备的高温多孔竹炭(PBC)为对照样品。利用X射线衍射(XRD)、拉曼光谱(Raman)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、比表面积与孔隙分布分析仪表征了材料的表面形貌和结构，并利用三电极体系测试了其电化学性能。研究结果表明：较高结晶度鳞片石墨的加入可以提高复合材料的结晶度，高能球磨可以使石墨片破碎成纳米尺寸，并嵌入竹炭内部；制备的GN/BC复合材料的比表面积为863.47 m²/g，总孔容为0.56 cm³/g、微孔孔容为0.26 cm³/g，平均孔径为2.58 nm；在1 A/g的电流密度下，该复合材料具有280.97 F/g的高质量比电容，同时还具有良好的倍率性能。

关键词: 机械力效应, 竹炭, 磷片石墨, 电化学

Abstract:

Based on mechanical force effect, graphite nanosheets/bamboo charcoal(GN/BC) composites with excellent electrochemical performance were prepared by high-energy ball milling and pulverization, and high-temperature carbonization using bamboo charcoal and flake graphite as raw materials. Meanwhile, the high-temperature porous bamboo charcoal(PBC) prepared without flake graphite was used as the control sample under the same conditions. The surface morphology and structure of the material were characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD), Raman spectroscopy(Raman), scanning electron microscope(SEM) and specific surface area and pore distribution analyzer. The electrochemical performance of the product was tested by a three-electrode system. The results showed that the addition of flake graphite with higher crystallinity could improve the crystallinity of the composites. High-energy ball milling could break the graphite flakes into nanostructures and embed them in the bamboo charcoal. The specific surface area of the prepared GN/BC was 863.47 m²/g, the total pore volume was 0.56 cm³/g, the micropore volume was 0.26 cm³/g, and the average pore diameter was 2.58 nm. At a current density of 1A/g, the composite material had a high specific capacitance of 280.97 F/g and good rate performance.

Key words: mechanical force effect, bamboo charcoal, flake graphite, electrochemistry

中图分类号:

TQ35
TQ424.1

杨旋, 赖建军, 李洪锋, 林冠烽, 黄彪, 郑新宇. 纳米石墨片/竹炭复合材料的制备、表征及其电化学性能研究[J]. 林产化学与工业, 2022, 42(4): 54-60.

Xuan YANG, Jianjun LAI, Hongfeng LI, Guanfeng LIN, Biao HUANG, Xinyu ZHENG. Preparation, Characterization and Electrochemical Properties of Graphite Nanosheets/Bamboo Charcoal Composites[J]. Chemistry and Industry of Forest Products, 2022, 42(4): 54-60.

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样品 sample	S_BET /(m²·g^-1)	总孔孔容/(cm³·g^-1) total pore volume	微孔孔容/(cm³·g^-1) micropore volume	介孔孔容/(cm³·g^-1) mesopore volume	平均孔径/nm average pore size
PBC	733.10	0.50	0.27	0.23	2.71
GN/BC	863.47	0.56	0.26	0.30	2.58

材料 material	比表面积/(m²·g^-1) S_BET	比电容(1 A/g)/(F·g^-1) specific capacitance(1 A/g)	文献 references
炭黑/商业活性炭CB/CAC	1 120	182	[19]
松针基活性炭pine needle activated carbons	1 583	138	[21]
栓皮栎基多孔活性炭cork-derived porous activated carbon	2 312	250	[21]
棉织物多孔炭cotton fabric derived porous carbon	777	172	[22]
咖啡渣多孔炭waste coffee grounds porous carbon	655	174	[23]
纳米石墨片/竹炭GN/BC composites	863	281	本研究this work

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