生物质基炭气凝胶的制备及其应用于超级电容器

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-2417.2022.05.011

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为提高生物质基炭气凝胶的稳定性，以木质素为原料，先磷酸改性得到磷化木质素(PL)，再与细菌纤维素(BC)形成稳定的共价键，制备了生物质基炭气凝胶即细菌纤维素/磷化木质素(BC/PL)炭气凝胶，并将其作为超级电容器的电极，结果显示：随着磷酸的引入，制备的生物质基炭气凝胶热稳定性提高，XRD分析和拉曼光谱显示其结构有序性提高，接近于石墨结构，并且比表面积为310.9 m²/g，平均孔径2.3 nm。电化学性能分析显示：制备的生物质基炭气凝胶具有优良的电化学性能，在电流密度1 A/g下，比电容可达216.4 F/g，在功率密度为800 W/kg时最大能量密度为24.4 W·h/kg。

关键词: 木质素, 磷化改性, 气凝胶, 超级电容器

Abstract:

In order to improve the stability of biomass-based carbon aerogels, lignin(L) was modified with phosphoric acid to obtain phosphinized lignin(PL). Then, a stable covalent bond was formed with bacterial cellulose(BC) to prepare biomass-based carbon aerogels, namely bacterial cellulose/phosphinized lignin(BC/PL) carbon aerogels, which were used as electrodes for supercapacitors. The results showed that with the introduction of phosphoric acid, the thermal stability of the prepared biomass-based carbon aerogels was improved. Meanwhile, XRD analysis and Raman spectroscopy showed that its structural order was similar to the graphite structure, and the specific surface area was 310.9 m²/g, with an average pore size of 2.3 nm. The results of electrochemical performance analysis showed that the prepared modified aerogel had excellent electrochemical performance, with a specific capacity of 216.4 F/g at a current density of 1 A/g and a maximum energy density of 24.4 W·h/kg at a power density of 800 W/kg.

Key words: lignin, phosphating modification, aerogel, supercapacitor

中图分类号:

郑昊, 周景辉, 李尧. 生物质基炭气凝胶的制备及其应用于超级电容器[J]. 林产化学与工业, 2022, 42(5): 76-82.

Hao ZHENG, Jinghui ZHOU, Yao LI. Preparation and Application of Biomass-based Carbon Aerogel as Electrodes for Supercapacitors[J]. Chemistry and Industry of Forest Products, 2022, 42(5): 76-82.

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生物质基炭气凝胶 biomass-based carbon aerogels	S_BET/(m²·g^-1)	孔体积/(cm³·g^-1) pore volume	平均孔径/nm average pore diameter
BC	98.3	—	—
BC/L	237.5	0.16	2.0
BC/PL	310.9	0.37	2.3

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