锦绣杜鹃花色苷微胶囊的制备及其稳定性研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-2417.2023.02.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为提高花色苷的稳定性，拓宽其在功能性产品上的应用，以阿拉伯胶和乳清蛋白为壁材，杜鹃花色苷为芯材，采用响应面法优化锦绣杜鹃花色苷微胶囊的制备工艺，同时运用扫描电子显微镜(SEM), 傅里叶红外光谱(FT-IR)仪和热重(TG)分析仪等对花色苷微胶囊进行表征分析。研究结果表明：喷雾干燥法制备锦绣杜鹃花色苷微胶囊的最佳工艺条件为壁芯比4∶1(g/g)，进风口温度165 ℃，进料流量500 mL/h，此条件下，花色苷微胶囊包埋率为(89.28±1.05)%。SEM显示花色苷微胶囊呈较均匀的球状颗粒，粒径为4.0 μm，结构紧密，无裂痕，不易黏连。FT-IR分析表明杜鹃花色苷包埋在阿拉伯胶和乳清蛋白形成的薄膜中。TG分析表明花色苷在197.7 ℃，质量明显下降，而花色苷微胶囊在237.5 ℃才有明显质量损失。储存稳定性分析表明受光照、温度的影响，杜鹃花色苷微胶囊保留率明显比未包埋的花色苷高。

关键词: 锦绣杜鹃, 花色苷, 微胶囊, 响应面法, 稳定性

Abstract:

In order to improve the stability of anthocyanins and broaden their application in functional products, the preparation process of Rhododendron pulchrum flowers anthocyanin microcapsules was optimized by response surface methodology, which was made using gum acacia and whey protein as wall materials and anthocyanin as core material. The anthocyanin microcapsules were characterized by scanning electron microscope(SEM), Fourier infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR) and thermogravimetry(TG). The results showed that the optimal microencapsulation conditions for the preparation of anthocyanin microcapsules by spray drying were as follows: wall-core ratio of 4:1, inlet air temperature of 165℃, and feed flow of 500 mL/h. Under these conditions, the embedding rate of anthocyanin microcapsules was(89.28±1.05)%. SEM showed that anthocyanin microcapsules were uniform spherical particles with a diameter of about 4.0 μm, compact structure, no cracks and non-sticking. FT-IR analysis showed that R. pulchium anthocyanins was embedded in the film formed by gum acacia and whey protein. TG analysis showed that the quality of anthocyanins decreased significantly at 197.7℃. Comparatively, the significant mass loss of anthocyanin microcapsules could be found only at 237.5℃. The storage stability analysis showed that the retention rate of R. pulchium flowers anthocyanin microcapsules was significantly higher than that of unembedded anthocyanins owing to the influence of light and temperature.

Key words: Rhododendron×pulchrum Sweet, anthocyanin, microencapsulation, response surface methodology, stability

中图分类号:

TQ35
TQ91

张梅, 张燕杰, 陈为健, 井华芳, 娄本勇. 锦绣杜鹃花色苷微胶囊的制备及其稳定性研究[J]. 林产化学与工业, 2023, 43(2): 19-26.

Mei ZHANG, Yanjie ZHANG, Weijian CHEN, Huafang JING, Benyong LOU. Preparation of Rhododendron×pulchrum Sweet Flowers Anthocyanins Microcapsule and Its Stability[J]. Chemistry and Industry of Forest Products, 2023, 43(2): 19-26.

图/表 8

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试验号 No.	X₁ 壁芯比(g/g) wall-core ratio	X₂ 进风口温度/℃ inlet air temperature	X₃ 进料流量/(mL·h^-1) feed flow rate	Y 包埋率/% embedding rate
1	4∶1	165	450	90.51
2	5∶1	180	450	86.43
3	3∶1	165	350	84.72
4	4∶1	180	350	88.14
5	4∶1	180	550	86.57
6	5∶1	165	350	85.24
7	4∶1	150	550	86.56
8	3∶1	165	550	83.32
9	4∶1	150	350	87.21
10	3∶1	180	450	85.36
11	3∶1	150	450	84.62
12	4∶1	165	450	91.63
13	4∶1	165	450	90.51
14	4∶1	165	450	91.32
15	4∶1	165	450	90.94
16	5∶1	150	450	86.36
17	5∶1	165	550	85.86

方差来源source	平方和sum of squares	自由度d_f	均方mean square	F值F valur	P值P value	显著性significance
模型model	110.63	9	12.29	68.80	< 0.000 1	**
X₁	4.31	1	4.31	24.11	0.001 7	**
X₂	0.38	1	0.38	2.14	0.186 7
X₃	1.13	1	1.13	6.30	0.040 4	*
X₁X₂	0.11	1	0.11	0.63	0.454 1
X₁X₃	1.02	1	1.02	5.71	0.048 2	*
X₂X₃	0.21	1	0.21	1.18	0.312 5
X₁²	61.19	1	61.19	342.51	< 0.000 1	**
X₂²	9.19	1	9.19	51.43	0.000 2	**
X₃²	23.95	1	23.95	134.03	< 0.000 1	**
残差residual	1.25	7	0.18
失拟项lack of fit	0.27	3	0.090	0.37	0.782 7
纯误差pure error	0.98	4	0.25
总误差total error	111.88	16

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