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林产化学与工业

林产化学与工业 ›› 2023, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (2): 36-42.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-2417.2023.02.005

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

抗冻大豆蛋白基凝胶电解质的制备及应用

杨福生1,2, 王定坤1,2, 王发鹏3, 刘美红1,2, 南静娅1,2, 王春鹏1,2,*()   

  1. 1. 中国林业科学研究院 林产化学工业研究所; 江苏省生物质能源与材料重点实验室; 国家林业和草原局林产化学工程重点实验室; 林木生物质低碳高效利用国家工程研究中心, 江苏 南京 210042
    2. 南京林业大学 江苏省林业资源高效加工利用协同创新中心, 江苏 南京 210037
    3. 杭州钢铁集团有限公司, 浙江 杭州 310022
  • 收稿日期:2022-05-19 出版日期:2023-04-28 发布日期:2023-04-26
  • 通讯作者: 王春鹏 E-mail:wangcpg@163.com
  • 作者简介:王春鹏, 研究员, 博士生导师, 研究领域为生物基高分子材料及胶黏剂的研究; E-mail: wangcpg@163.com
    杨福生(1998-), 男, 河南信阳人, 硕士生, 研究方向为生物基高分子材料

Preparation of Antifreezing Soybean Protein-based Gel Electrolytes and Application in Electrochemical Capacitors

Fusheng YANG1,2, Dingkun WANG1,2, Fapeng WANG3, Meihong LIU1,2, Jingya NAN1,2, Chunpeng WANG1,2,*()   

  1. 1. Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, CAF; Key Lab. of Biomass Energy and Material, Jiangsu Province; Key Lab. of Chemical Engineering of Forest Products, National Forestry and Grassland Administration; National Engineering Research Center of Low-Carbon Processing and Utilization of Forest Biomass, Nanjing 210042, China
    2. Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
    3. Hangzhou Iron & Steel Group Co, . Ltd. Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310022, China
  • Received:2022-05-19 Online:2023-04-28 Published:2023-04-26
  • Contact: Chunpeng WANG E-mail:wangcpg@163.com

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摘要：

以大豆蛋白(SPI)、丙烯酰胺(AAm)和ZnCl2为原料，热引发聚合制备了一种具备抗冻特性的大豆蛋白基凝胶电解质材料，探究了温度对材料离子电导率和力学性能的影响，并分析了其作用机制。研究结果表明：该凝胶电解质具有优异的抗冻性能，其中ZnCl2的引入形成了大量Zn2+的溶剂化结构，破坏了水分子间的氢键，降低了凝胶电解质的凝固点；凝胶基体和盐离子的协同作用赋予了凝胶电解质高压缩回弹性和耐疲劳强度。对凝胶电解质的低温离子电导率分析表明：ZnCl2≥5 mol/kg，凝胶电解质在-30 ℃的低温下离子电导率仍有3.65×10-3 S/cm。对凝胶电解质的低温力学性能分析发现：凝胶电解质在-30 ℃下经历应变为80%的100次压缩循环后仍能保持结构完整，应力保持率＞85%，塑性变形率为15%。同时，利用凝胶电解质组装的电化学电容器表现出良好的耐低温性能，电流密度5 A/g下，器件在-30 ℃下仍能够正常工作，其电容保持率达83.2%，在-30 ℃下经历10 000次循环充放电电容保持率达92%。

关键词: 凝胶电解质, 抗冻性能, 压缩回弹, 耐疲劳强度, 电容保持率

Abstract:

An antifreezing soybean protein-based gel electrolyte was prepared by thermally induced polymerization using soybean protein(SPI), acrylamide(AAm) and ZnCl2 as raw materials. The effect of temperature on its ionic conductivity and mechanical property was investigated, and the mechanism was then analyzed. The results showed that the gel electrolyte had excellent frost resistance, and the introduction of ZnCl2 leaded to the formation of numerous Zn2+ solvation structures, which broke the hydrogen bonds among water molecules and reduced the freezing point of gel electrolyte. The synergistic effect of gel matrix and salt ions gave the gel electrolyte high compression resilience and fatigue resistance. The analysis of low-temperature ionic conductivity showed that when the ZnCl2 concentration exceeded 5 mol/kg, the ionic conductivity of gel electrolyte was still 3.65×10-3 S/cm at -30℃. The analysis of mechanical properties at low temperatures showed that the gel electrolyte could keep structural integrity after 100 compression cycles of 80% strain at -30℃, the stress retention remained more than 85% and the plastic deformation maintained 15%. At the same time, the gel electrolyte-based electrochemical capacitors assembled by gel electrolyte exhibited satisfied low-temperature resistance, which could work normally at -30℃ and maintain capacitance retention of 83.2%. The capacitance retention reached 92% after 10 000 cycles of charge and discharge at -30℃.

Key words: gel electrolyte, antifreezing performance, compression resilience, fatigue resistance, capacitance retention

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