喷雾热解制备落叶松基炭球及其电化学性能

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-2417.2019.02.002

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以落叶松木粉为原料，木粉液化后与甲醛制得落叶松基树脂，并以树脂作为碳前驱体，利用超声波喷雾热解法制备落叶松基炭球(LCSs)。通过改变炭化温度和落叶松基树脂质量分数制备得到不同的LCSs样品，采用SEM、TEM、N₂吸附-脱附等温线、XRD、Raman对LCSs的表面形貌、孔结构、晶型结构和石墨化程度进行表征，并对样品的电化学性能进行测试。研究结果表明：所制备的LCSs为无定形的规则球形结构，在炭化温度900 ℃、落叶松基树脂质量分数1%下制备得到的样品LCSs3的比表面积高达626.6 m²/g，总孔容达到0.345 cm³/g；在6 mol/L KOH电解液中，电流密度为0.2 A/g时比电容为309 F/g，当电流密度增加到5 A/g时，比电容为173.7 F/g，其比电容保持率为56%，显示了优异的倍率性能。

关键词: 炭球, 生物质, 喷雾热解, 超级电容器

Abstract:

Larch-based carbon spheres (LCSs) were prepared via spray pyrolysis with larch sawdust as raw materials. Larch-based resin obtained by liquefied larch wood powder and formaldehyde was used as carbon precursor. The effects of different carbonization temperatures and mass fractions of larch-based resin on the particle size, pore structure, specific surface area and electrochemical properties of LCSs were investigated. The surface morphology, pore structure, crystal structure and graphitization degree of LCSs were characterized by SEM, TEM, N₂ adsorption-desorption, XRD and Raman. The electrochemical performance of the samples was investigated by electrochemical workstation. The results showed that the prepared LCSs were amorphous with regular spherical structures. The specific surface area of the LCSs3 fabricated at 900 ℃ was as high as 626.6 m²/g, with the pore volume 0.345 cm³/g. The specific capacitance was 309 F/g at current density of 0.2 A/g in 6 mol/L KOH electrolyte. When the current density increased to 5 A/g, its specific capacitance retention rate was 56%, indicating excellent rate performance.

Key words: carbon spheres, biomass, spray pyrolysis, supercapacitors

中图分类号:

TQ35

宋豫龙,李伟,徐州,刘守新. 喷雾热解制备落叶松基炭球及其电化学性能[J]. 林产化学与工业, 2019, 39(2): 9-15.

Yulong SONG,Wei LI,Zhou XU,Shouxin LIU. Synthesis and Electrochemical Properties of Larch-based Carbon Spheres via Spray Pyrolysis[J]. Chemistry and Industry of Forest Products, 2019, 39(2): 9-15.

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样品 samples	炭化温度/℃ carbonization temp.	落叶松基树脂/% larch-based resin	S_BET/ (m²·g^-1)	S_micro/ (m²·g^-1)	V_total/ (cm³·g^-1)	V_micro/ (cm³·g^-1)
LCSs1	700	1	406.8	315.8	0.224	0.166
LCSs2	800	1	544.3	470.0	0.290	0.246
LCSs3	900	1	626.6	491.9	0.345	0.258
LCSs4	900	3	601.0	430.6	0.337	0.226
LCSs5	900	5	540.1	367.2	0.302	0.194

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