新型溶剂体系下纤维素溶解机理研究进展

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-2417.2020.05.001

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

综述了近年来国内外学者们提出的新型纤维素溶剂体系，包括水相溶剂体系（氢氧化钠/水、碱/尿素/水和NaOH/硫脲/水、季铵盐/水和季鏻盐/水、熔融无机盐水合物）和有机溶剂体系（氯化锂/N，N-二甲基乙酰胺、离子液体、低共熔溶剂）溶解纤维素的能力及溶解机理，并探讨了不同溶剂体系的优缺点，为未来纤维素绿色溶剂开发利用提供参考。

关键词: 纤维素, 新型溶剂, 溶解, 机理

Abstract:

The cellulose dissolution capability and dissolution mechanism of current novel solvent systems, including aqueous solvent systems (NaOH aqueous solution, alkali/urea and NaOH/thiourea aqueous solution, quaternary ammonium/phosphine aqueous solution, and molten inorganic salt hydrates) and organic solvent systems (LiCl/N, N-dimethylacetamide, ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvents) were reviewed. Sequentially, the advantages and disadvantages of various solvents were discussed, which could provided a reference for the future development and utilization of green cellulose solvents.

Key words: cellulose, novel solvent systems, dissolution, mechanism

中图分类号:

TQ35

李鑫,游婷婷,许杜鑫,李海潮,吴玉英,许凤. 新型溶剂体系下纤维素溶解机理研究进展[J]. 林产化学与工业, 2020, 40(5): 1-9.

Xin LI,Tingting YOU,Duxin XU,Haichao LI,Yuying WU,Feng XU. Research Progress on Dissolution Mechanism of Cellulose in Novel Solvent Systems[J]. Chemistry and Industry of Forest Products, 2020, 40(5): 1-9.

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溶剂类型 solvent type	溶剂组成 solvent composition	溶解温度 dissolving temperature	溶解机理 dissolution mechanism	参考文献 references
水相溶剂体系 aqueous solvent systems	氢氧化钠/水 NaOH/H₂O	-5-5 ℃	静电作用、氢键破坏 electrostatic interactions, hydrogen bond destruction	[4]-[5], [10]
	碱/尿素/水alkali/urea/H₂O, NaOH/硫脲/水NaOH/thiourea/H₂O	-12 ℃， -5 ℃	蠕虫状复合物、氢键破坏 channel inclusion compound, hydrogen bond destruction	[14]-[15]
	季铵盐/水quaternary ammonium/H₂O, 季鏻盐/水quaternary phosphine/H₂O	室温 room temp.	自由基反应、双亲性调控、氢键破坏 free radical reaction, amphiphilic regulation, hydrogen bond destruction	[22], [24]-[25]
	熔融无机盐水合物 molten inorganic salt hydrates	80-130 ℃	氢键破坏 hydrogen bond destruction	[28], [30]-[31]
有机溶剂体系 organic solvent systems	氯化锂/N, N-二甲基乙酰胺 LiCl/N, N-dimethylace-tamide	80-165 ℃	电荷平衡原理、氢键破坏 charge balance, hydrogen bond destruction	[33]-[35], [40]
	离子液体 ionic liquids	20-130 ℃	阴阳离子协同破坏氢键 hydrogen bond destruction by anions and cations	[45]-[48]
	低共熔溶剂 deep eutectic solvents	20-120 ℃	电子接受和电子供给原理、氢键破坏 electron-withdrawing and electron-donating, hydrogen bond destruction	[62]-[65]

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