降解木基多孔炭材料的制备及其性能研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-2417.2021.02.012

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为得到电化学性能优良的超级电容器电极材料，以廉价易得的蘑菇培养基废料降解木为碳源，KOH为活化剂，经水热炭化和高温活化在不同炭化样品与KOH质量比（炭碱比，1：1、1：2和1：3）下制备三维多孔炭材料（PC-1、PC-2和PC-3）。通过SEM、TEM、N₂吸附-脱附、XPS、XRD、拉曼光谱等测试手段进行表征，结果表明：所制备的炭材料比表面积较大，微孔结构丰富，大量的石墨微晶结构有利于离子传输和电荷积累，导电性能良好。通过恒流充放电（GCD）、循环伏安（CV）特性和交流阻抗（EIS）特性测试可知，当炭碱比为1：1时，制备得到的多孔炭材料PC-1在电流密度为1 A/g时的比电容可达到221 F/g，离子响应能力迅速，电容性能优良，循环稳定性好（循环充/放电5 000次，库仑效率始终不低于99.5%），具有优良的电化学性能。

关键词: 降解木, 多孔炭, 电化学性能, 超级电容器

Abstract:

Three dimensional porous carbon materials(PC-1, PC-2 and PC-3) were prepared by hydrothermal carbonization with high activation temperature at different mass ratios of carbon to KOH(1:1, 1:2 and 1:3) using mushroom culture medium waste degraded wood as carbon source and KOH as activator. The samples were characterized by SEM, TEM, N₂ adsorption-desorption, XPS, XRD and Raman spectroscopy, and the results showed that the material had larger specific surface area and more micropores, which was conducive to ion transport and charge accumulation. The results of galvanostatic charge discharge(GCD), cyclic voltammetry(CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS) tests showed that when the mass ratio of carbon to KOH was 1:1, the specific capacitance of PC-1 could reach 221 F/g at the current density of 1 A/g, with rapid ion response, excellent capacitance performance, good cycle stability(after charge and discharge for 5 000 times, the coulomb efficiency was always over 99.5%) and excellent electrochemical performance.

Key words: degraded wood, porous carbon, electrochemical performance, supercapacitor

中图分类号:

TQ35

钟伟婷, 韩尊强, 刘畅, 王堃. 降解木基多孔炭材料的制备及其性能研究[J]. 林产化学与工业, 2021, 41(2): 86-92.

Weiting ZHONG, Zunqiang HAN, Chang LIU, Kun WANG. Preparation and Electrochemical Property of Degraded Wood-based Porous Carbon[J]. Chemistry and Industry of Forest Products, 2021, 41(2): 86-92.

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样品samples	炭碱比ratio of carbon to alkali	BET比表面积/(m²·g^-1)S_BET	孔容/(cm³·g^-1)pore volume	平均孔径/nmaverage pore size
PC-1	1∶1	1507	0.84	1.12
PC-2	1∶2	1666	0.99	1.19
PC-3	1∶3	1521	0.96	1.27

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