水蒸气活化制备超级电容器木质活性炭的研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-2417.2018.02.004

林产化学与工业 ›› 2018, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (2): 29-38.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-2417.2018.02.004

水蒸气活化制备超级电容器木质活性炭的研究

杜颜珍^1,2, 申保收^1,2, 左宋林^1,2, 夏海岸^1,2

1. 南京林业大学化工学院, 江苏南京 210037;
2. 江苏省农林生物质资源化学利用国家重点实验室培育建设点, 江苏南京 210037

收稿日期:2017-11-13 出版日期:2018-04-25 发布日期:2018-04-28
通讯作者: 左宋林,教授,博士生导师,研究领域为生物质热解与炭材料;E-mail:zslnl@njfu.com.cn。 E-mail:zslnl@njfu.com.cn
作者简介:杜颜珍(1989-),女,河南郑州人,硕士生,从事活性炭电极材料的研究
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划项目（2017YFD0601006）；教育部博士点博导基金（20133204110007）

Preparation of Woody Activated Carbon for Supercapacitor Electrode by Steam Activation

DU Yanzhen^1,2, SHEN Baoshou^1,2, ZUO Songlin^1,2, XIA Hai'an^1,2

1. College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China;
2. Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agro-forest Biomass, Nanjing 210037, China

Received:2017-11-13 Online:2018-04-25 Published:2018-04-28

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了制备价格低廉、性能优良的超级电容器活性炭，以马尾松为原料，采用常规的水蒸气活化法制备了超级电容器木质活性炭。采用元素分析，N₂吸附/脱附等手段分析了活性炭的元素含量和孔隙结构；采用循环伏安、恒电流充放电和交流阻抗等方法，分析了活性炭电极在以1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐/乙腈为电解质溶液的超级电容器中的电化学性能，考察了活化温度、活化时间对木质活性炭电化学性能的影响规律。结果表明：随着活化温度的升高，活性炭的比电容量先增后降；随着活化时间的延长，活性炭的比电容量也呈现先增后降的变化趋势。在炭化温度900℃、活化温度900℃和活化时间1 h的条件下制得的活性炭比表面积高达1 647 m²/g，总孔容积1.00 cm³/g；在5 mV/s的扫描速率下活性炭电极的比电容量最高，达到155 F/g，且倍率性能和循环稳定性良好，循环5 000次后比电容量保持率89%；其在有机电解液中的能量密度高达33.6（W·h）/kg。

关键词: 水蒸气活化, 木质活性炭, 有机电解液, 超级电容器

Abstract: In order to prepare activated carbons for supercapacitor electrode with low price and good performance, traditional steam activation method was employed to prepare activated carbons from masson pine wood. The elemental analyzer and the nitrogen adsorption/desorption were employed to analyze the element contents and pore structure of the activated carbons. The electrochemical performance of the activated carbon electrodes was examined by the methods including cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge-discharge cycles and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy using 1-ethyl-3-methyl imidazole tetrafluoroborate/acetonitrile (EMIMBF₄/AN) as electrolytes. The effects of activation temperature and time on the electrochemical performance of activated carbon were investigated. The results showed that the specific copacitance of activated carbon increased first and then decreased with the increment of activation temperature and activation time. The activated carbon prepared at carbonization temperature 900℃ and activation temperature 900℃ for 1 h reached the maximum of the specific capacitance. Its specific capacitance reached 155 F/g with a sweep speed of 5 mV/s and remaind 105 F/g at 100 mV/s, and the energy density in organic electrolyte was as high as 33.6 (W·h)/kg. After 5 000 cycles, specific capacitance was remain at value of 89%.

Key words: steam activation, woody activated carbon, organic electrolyte, supercapacitor

中图分类号:

TQ35

杜颜珍, 申保收, 左宋林, 夏海岸. 水蒸气活化制备超级电容器木质活性炭的研究[J]. 林产化学与工业, 2018, 38(2): 29-38.

DU Yanzhen, SHEN Baoshou, ZUO Songlin, XIA Hai'an. Preparation of Woody Activated Carbon for Supercapacitor Electrode by Steam Activation[J]. Chemistry and Industry of Forest Products, 2018, 38(2): 29-38.

参考文献

[1] 张秋红,申保收,左宋林,等. 离子液体电解质种类对活性炭电极超级电容器电化学性能的影响[J]. 电化学,2017,23(6):684-693. ZHANG Q H,SHEN B S,ZUO S L,et al. Effects of ionic liquid electrolyte types on electrochemical performance of activated carbon electrode supercapacitor[J]. Electrochemical,2017,23(6):684-693.
[2] ZHANG L L,ZHAO X S. Carbon-based materials as supercapacitor electrodes[J]. Chemical Society Reviews,2009,38(9):2520-2531.
[3] MIRZAEIAN M,ABBAS Q,OGWU A,et al. Electrode and electrolyte materials for electrochemical capacitors[J]. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy,2017,42(40):25565-25587.
[4] INAGAKI M,KONNO H,TANAIKE O. Carbon materials for electrochemical capacitors[J]. Journal of Power Sources,2014,195(24):7880-7903.
[5] CHAN K,LEE J W,KIM J H,et al. Feasibility of bamboo-based activated carbons for an electrochemical supercapacitor electrode[J]. Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering,2006,23(4):592-594.
[6] LOTA G,GRZYB B,MACHNIKOWSKA H,et al. Effect of nitrogen in carbon electrode on the supercapacitor performance[J]. Chemical Physics Letters,2005,404(1/2/3):53-58.
[7] 陈莉晶,左宋林,张秋红,等. 二次水蒸气活化制备离子液体超级电容器活性炭的研究[J]. 林产化学与工业,2017,37(1):87-93. CHEN L J,ZUO S L,ZHANG Q H,et al. Preparation of activated carbon for the organic electrolyte supercapacitor electrode by steam re-activation[J]. Chemistry and Industry of Forest Products,2017,37(1):87-93.
[8] 王永芳,左宋林. 含磷活性炭作为双电层电容器电极材料的电化学性能[J]. 物理化学学报,2016,32(2):481-492. WANG Y F,ZUO S L. Electrochemical performance of phosphorus containing activated carbon as electrode material for double layer capacitor[J]. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica,2016,32(2):481-492.
[9] 张秋红,左宋林,卫歆雨,等. 磷酸法活性炭作为离子液体超级电容器电极材料的研究[J]. 新型炭材料,2018,33(1):61-70. ZHANG Q H,ZUO S L,WEI X Y,et al. H₃PO₄ activated carbons as the electrode materials of supercapacitors using an ionic liquid electrolyte[J]. New Carbon Materials,2018,33(1):61-70.[10] 黄彪,高尚愚. 木材炭化机理的研究——炭化方法和炭化条件对杉木间伐材炭化物物性的影响[J]. 林产化学与工业,2005,25(S1):95-98. HUANG B,GAO S Y. Study on mechanism of wood carbonization:Effect of carbonization method and condition on the property of Chinese fir charcoal[J]. Chemistry and Industry of Forest Products,2005,25(S1):95-98.
[11] 林冠烽,程捷,黄彪,等. 高活性木炭的制备与孔结构表征[J]. 化工进展,2007,26(7):995-998. LIN G F,CHENG J,HUANG B,et al. Preparation of highly activated wood charcoal and characterization of pore structure[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress,2007,26(7):995-998.
[12] SING K S W. Reporting physisorption data for gas/solid systems with special reference to the determination of surface area and porosity (Recommendations 1984)[J]. Pure and applied chemistry,1985,57(4):603-619.
[13] FRACKOWIAK E,BÉGUIN F. Carbon materials for the electrochemical storage of energy in capacitors[J]. Carbon,2001,39(6):937-950.
[14] VIX-GUTERL C,SAADALLAH S,JUREWICZ K,et al. Supercapacitor electrodes from new ordered porous carbon materials obtained by a templating procedure[J]. Materials Science and Engineering:B,2004,108(1):148-155.
[15] CHEN M,KANG X,WUMAIER T,et al. Preparation of activated carbon from cotton stalk and its application in supercapacitor[J]. Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry,2013,17(4):1005-1012.
[16] PORTET C,YANG Z,KORENBLIT Y,et al. Electrical double-layer capacitance of zeolite-templated carbon in organic electrolyte[J]. Journal of The Electrochemical Society,2009,156(1):A1-A6.
[17] LI Q,JIANG R R,DOU Y Q,et al. Synthesis of mesoporous carbon spheres with a hierarchical pore structure for the electrochemical double-layer capacitor[J]. Carbon,2011,49(4):1248-1257.
[18] FUERTES A B,LOTA G,CENTENO T A,et al. Templated mesoporous carbons for supercapacitor application[J]. Electrochimica Acta,2005,50(14):2799-2805.
[19] WANG H J,SUN X X,LIU Z H,et al. Creation of nanopores on graphene planes with MgO template for preparing high-performance supercapacitor electrodes[J]. Nanoscale,2014,6(12):6577-6584.
[20] KLESZYK P,RATAJCZAK P,SKOWRON P,et al. Carbons with narrow pore size distribution prepared by simultaneous carbonization and self-activation of tobacco stems and their application to supercapacitors[J]. Carbon,2015,81:148-157.
[21] ZHENG C,ZHOU X F,CAO H L,et al. Synthesis of porous graphene/activated carbon composite with high packing density and large specific surface area for supercapacitor electrode material[J]. Journal of Power Sources,2014,258:290-296.
[22] BHATTACHARJYA D,YU J S. Activated carbon made from cow dung as electrode material for electrochemical double layer capacitor[J]. Journal of Power Sources,2014,262:224-231.
[23] RUFFORD T E,HULICOVA-JURCAKOVA D,FISET E,et al. Double-layer capacitance of waste coffee ground activated carbons in an organic electrolyte[J]. Electrochemistry Communications,2009,11(5):974-977.

水蒸气活化制备超级电容器木质活性炭的研究

Preparation of Woody Activated Carbon for Supercapacitor Electrode by Steam Activation

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 9

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

关于本刊

投稿指南

在线期刊

相关单位

联系我们

[1]	邢健雄, 郑凯, 韩尊强, 徐伟涛, 王堃. 纤维素基电极材料在柔性超级电容器中的应用研究进展[J]. 林产化学与工业, 2019, 39(4): 9-17.
[2]	宋豫龙, 李伟, 徐州, 刘守新. 喷雾热解制备落叶松基炭球及其电化学性能[J]. 林产化学与工业, 2019, 39(2): 9-15.
[3]	李继辉, 孙康, 宋曜光, 王傲, 蒋剑春. 木质素基炭纳米片的制备及其电化学性能[J]. 林产化学与工业, 2019, 39(1): 67-74.
[4]	许升, 吕宗泽, 易雪亭, 张文, 李志国. 纸基炭电极材料的制备及其电化学性能研究[J]. 林产化学与工业, 2018, 38(6): 42-50.
[5]	王傲, 孙康, 蒋剑春. Fe₃O₄@C纳米片超级电容器电极材料的制备及其电化学性能研究[J]. 林产化学与工业, 2018, 38(5): 9-16.
[6]	张文, 许升, 吕宗泽, 李志国. 氮氧掺杂木质素基炭材料的制备及其电化学性能[J]. 林产化学与工业, 2018, 38(3): 55-62.
[7]	陈莉晶, 左宋林, 张秋红, 陈继锡, 王永芳. 二次水蒸气活化制备离子液体超级电容器活性炭的研究[J]. 林产化学与工业, 2017, 37(1): 87-93.
[8]	卢春兰;徐绍平;刘淑琴;齐本东;刘长厚;池吉安. 烟秆制活性炭的工艺研究[J]. 林产化学与工业, 2007, 27(04): 127-130.
[9]	刘守新;张世润;孙承林. 木质活性炭的光催化再生[J]. 林产化学与工业, 2003, 23(2): 12-16.