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林产化学与工业 ›› 2019, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (1): 67-74.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-2417.2019.01.010

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

木质素基炭纳米片的制备及其电化学性能

李继辉,孙康*(),宋曜光,王傲,蒋剑春   

  1. 中国林业科学研究院 林产化学工业研究所;生物质化学利用国家工程实验室;国家林业局 林产化学工程重点开放性实验室; 江苏省 生物质能源与材料重点实验室,江苏 南京 210042
  • 收稿日期:2018-09-25 出版日期:2019-02-25 发布日期:2019-03-14
  • 通讯作者: 孙康 E-mail:sunkang0226@163.com
  • 作者简介:李继辉(1993—),男,河北保定人,硕士生,主要从事炭基超级电容器电极材料的研究工作
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目(31770629);江苏省自然科学基金青年项目(BK20180154)

Preparation of Lignin-based Carbon Nanosheet and Its Electrochemical Property

Jihui LI,Kang SUN*(),Yaoguang SONG,Ao WANG,Jianchun JIANG   

  1. Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, CAF; National Engineering Lab. for Biomass Chemical Utilization; Key and Open Lab. of Forest Chemical Engineering, SFA; Key Lab. of Biomass Energy and Material, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210042, China
  • Received:2018-09-25 Online:2019-02-25 Published:2019-03-14
  • Contact: Kang SUN E-mail:sunkang0226@163.com
  • Supported by:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目(31770629);江苏省自然科学基金青年项目(BK20180154)

摘要:

为了获得性能优良、成本低廉的二维炭材料,选择木质素磺酸钠为碳源、硼酸作为模板剂,经溶液混合、高温炭化和沸水回流等过程制得木质素基炭纳米片,当m(硼酸):m(木质素磺酸钠)为1:1、5:1和10:1时,分别标记为SLB-1、SLB-5和SLB-10。通过扫描电镜(SEM)和透射电镜(TEM)等手段分析了炭纳米片的微观形貌,采用X射线衍射(XRD)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和激光拉曼光谱等手段检测了炭纳米片的晶体结构、元素组成和表面性质,通过循环伏安(CV)、恒电流充放电(GCD)和交流阻抗(EIS)等方法检测了炭纳米片的电化学性能,结果表明:SLB-5具有完好的二维片层结构,通过调整硼酸与木质素磺酸钠的质量比,可以有效调控炭纳米片的厚度。SLB-5具有一定的石墨化程度,模板剂被完全去除,含氧元素高达16.63%,同时,SLB-5炭纳米片厚度达到纳米级,电流密度为1 A/g时比电容为350.79 F/g,电流密度增加到10 A/g时比电容仍可以保持79.95%,循环5 000次后比电容可以保持90%以上。

关键词: 炭纳米片, 木质素, 模板法, 超级电容器

Abstract:

To obtain two-dimensional carbon materials with low cost and high performance, lignin-bosed carbon nanosheet was prepared using sodium lignosulfonate as carbon sources and boron acid as template followed by solution mixing, high temperature carbonization and refluxing with boiling water. The carbon nanosheets obtained with m(boron acid):m(sodium lignosulfonate)=1:1, 5:1 and 10:1 were marked as SLB-1, SLB-5 and SLB-10. The morphology of sample was characterized by SEM and TEM. XRD, XPS and Raman were used to demonstrate its constituent, structure and property. The electrochemical performance of carbon nanosheet was tested by cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic charge/discharge (GCD) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements. The results revealed that the sample SLB-5 exhibited well-developed teo-dimensional lamellar structure. The thickness of the carbon nanosheed could be regulated by the mass ratio of boron acid and sodium lignosulfonate. SLB-5 presented somewhat graphitic structure, the template was completely removed and the content of oxygen was 16.63%. The capacitance of SLB-5 could reach 350.79 F/g at 1 A/g, which could also maintain almost 79.95% as the current density increased to 10 A/g. After 5 000 cycles, endurance test at 5 A/g, its capacitance could still retain 90%.

Key words: carbon nanosheet, lignin, template method, supercapacitor

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