生长条件对肉桂叶精油含量、组成及抑菌活性的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-2417.2020.02.006

林产化学与工业 ›› 2020, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (2): 49-54.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-2417.2020.02.006

生长条件对肉桂叶精油含量、组成及抑菌活性的影响

张笮晦^1,^2,³(),童永清²,黄广智²,毕良武^4,*()

1. 广西中医药大学药学院, 广西南宁 530200
2. 广西庚源香料有限责任公司, 广西东兴 538100
3. 广西中药药效研究重点实验室, 广西南宁 530200
4. 中国林业科学研究院林产化学工业研究所; 生物质化学利用国家工程实验室; 国家林业和草原局林产化学工程重点实验室; 江苏省生物质能源与材料重点实验室, 江苏南京 210042

收稿日期:2019-09-03 出版日期:2020-04-28 发布日期:2020-04-27
通讯作者: 毕良武 E-mail:zhangzuohui1979@126.com;biliangwu@126.com
作者简介:张笮晦(1979-),女,广西荔浦人,副教授,博士,主要从事天然药物的生物化工、农作物废弃物功能成分的开发与研究; E-mail:zhangzuohui1979@126.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划资助项目(2018YFD0600405);防城港市科技重大专项(防科AA19008008);广西中药药效研究重点实验室项目(16-380-29)

Effects of Growth Conditions on Content, Components and Antimicrobial Activity of Volatile Oil of Cinnamon Leaves

Zuohui ZHANG^1,^2,³(),Yongqing TONG²,Guangzhi HUANG²,Liangwu BI^4,*()

1. College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
2. Guangxi GengYuan Flavor and Fragrance Co., Ltd., Dongxing 538100, China
3. Guangxi Key Laboratory of Efficacy Study on Chinese Materia Medica, Nanning 530200, China
4. Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, CAF; National Engineering Lab. for Biomass Chemical Utilization; Key Lab. of Chemical Engineering of Forest Products, National Forestry and Grassland Administration; Key Lab. of Biomass Energy and Material, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210042, China

Received:2019-09-03 Online:2020-04-28 Published:2020-04-27
Contact: Liangwu BI E-mail:zhangzuohui1979@126.com;biliangwu@126.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取不同生长条件下肉桂叶精油，经气相色谱-质谱联用（GC-MS）技术分析精油化学成分，峰面积归一化法测定其含量，并通过滤纸片法研究了精油对常见的3种致病菌的抑菌活性。研究结果表明：树龄、种植密度和坡向对肉桂叶精油得率均有影响，其中树龄的影响最大，15年生疏植（No.3）精油得率最高（1.60%），20年生（No.7）最低（0.51%）；坡向的影响其次，15年生南坡（No.5）精油得率（1.20%）高于15年生北坡（No.6，0.55%）；种植密度的影响最小，15年生疏植（No.3）精油得率（1.60%）略高于15年生密植（No.4，1.34%）。不同生长条件下肉桂叶精油的成分均有差异，7份精油共鉴定出28种化学成分，其中15年生疏植（No.3）的精油成分最多（21种），15年生密植（No.4）和15年生南坡（No.5）最少，均为7种，共有组分为苯甲醛、苯丙醛、顺式肉桂醛和反式肉桂醛。反式肉桂醛在7份精油中均为GC含量最高的成分，在15年生密植（No.4）精油中GC含量最高（90.26%），在10年生（No.2）中GC含量最低（67.73%）。7份精油质量浓度均为500 g/L时，对3种实验菌的抑制效果顺序为金黄色葡萄球菌>大肠杆菌>绿脓杆菌，抑菌圈直径范围分别为22.57~39.63 mm、27.58~34.31 mm和16.39~23.89 mm，其中20年生（No.7）对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑制作用最强，抑菌圈直径为39.63 mm；15年生密植（No.4）对大肠杆菌的抑制作用最强，抑菌圈直径为34.31 mm；5年生（No.1）对绿脓杆菌的抑制作用最强，抑菌圈直径为23.89 mm。

关键词: 肉桂叶, 肉桂醛, 树龄, 坡向, 种植密度, 抑菌活性

Abstract:

Essential oils of cinnamon leaves from different growth conditions were extracted by steam distillation method, respectively. The chemical constituents were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and the relative content of each constituent was determined by area normalization. Their antimicrobial activities on three common pathogens were tested by filter paper method. The results indicated that the essential oil yield of cinnamon leaves were affected by tree age, planting density and slope aspect. Among them, tree age had the greatest impact. The highest yield of essential oil was obtained from 15-year-old sparse planting cinnamon leaves (No.3, 1.60%), the lowest was obtained from 20-year-old (No.7, 0.51%). The second was slope aspect, yield of essential oil obtained from 15-year-old south slope cinnamon leaves (No.5, 1.20%) was much higher than that obtained from 15-year-old north slope cinnamon leaves (No.6, 0.55%). The minimal impact was caused by planting density, yield of essential oil obtained form 15-year-old sparse planting cinnamon leaves (No.3, 1.60%) was higher than that obtained from 15-year-old close planting cinnamon leaves (No.4, 1.34%). The components and their GC contents of essential oil of cinnamon leaves from different growth conditions were different. A total of 28 chemical constituents were identified in the seven samples, among them, 15-year-old sparse planting (No.3) had the most kinds of essential oil components (21 kinds), 15-year-old dense plants (No.4) and 15-year-old south slope (No.5) contain the least kinds (both of 7 kinds). Trans-cinnamaldehyde was the most abundant component in the samples, of which the highest GC content was in No.4 (90.26%), and the lowest GC content was in 10-year-old (No.2, 67.73%). The common components were benzaldehyde, benzenepropanal, cis-cinnamaldehyde and trans-cinnamaldehyde. The order of inhibition effect on three experimental bacteria was Staphylococcus aureus > Escherichia coli > Pseudoinonal aeruginosa at the mass concentrations of 500 g/L. The diameters ranges of bacteriostasis circles were 22.57-39.63 mm, 27.58-34.31 mm and 16.39-23.89 mm, respectively. Among them, 20-year-old (No.7) had the strongest inhibition on S. aureus(39.63 mm), 15-year-old close planting (No.4) had the strongest inhibition on E. coli(34.31 mm) and 5-year-old (No.1) had the strongest inhibition on P. aeruginosa(23.89 mm).

Key words: cinnamon leaves, cinnamaldehyde, tree age, slope aspect, planting density, antimicrobial activity

中图分类号:

TQ35
R284

张笮晦,童永清,黄广智,毕良武. 生长条件对肉桂叶精油含量、组成及抑菌活性的影响[J]. 林产化学与工业, 2020, 40(2): 49-54.

Zuohui ZHANG,Yongqing TONG,Guangzhi HUANG,Liangwu BI. Effects of Growth Conditions on Content, Components and Antimicrobial Activity of Volatile Oil of Cinnamon Leaves[J]. Chemistry and Industry of Forest Products, 2020, 40(2): 49-54.

图/表 4

表1

图1

表2

不同生长条件肉桂叶的精油成分"

序号 No.	t_R/min	化合物 compound	分子式 fomula	GC含量GC contents /%
序号 No.	t_R/min	化合物 compound	分子式 fomula	No.1	No.2	No.3	No.4	No.5	No.6	No.7
1	3.719	水芹烯phellandrene	C₁₀H₁₆	—	—	—	0.07	0.12	0.15	—
2	3.720	α-蒎烯α-pinene	C₁₀H₁₆	—	—	0.23	—	—	—	—
3	3.954	莰烯camphene	C₁₀H₁₆	—	—	0.15	0.02	—	—	—
4	4.109	苯甲醛benzaldehyde	C₇H₆O	3.02	2.74	1.35	2.49	3.97	1.91	2.17
5	4.322	β-蒎烯β-pinene	C₁₀H₁₆	—	—	0.16	—	—	—	—
6	5.057	D-柠檬烯D-limonene	C₁₀H₁₆	—	—	0.06	—	—	—	—
7	5.399	邻羟基苯甲醛o-hydroxybenzaldehyde	C₇H₆O₂	1.41	1.34	0.09	—	—	0.14	2.19
8	6.671	苯乙醇phenethyl alcohol	C₈H₁₀O	—	—	—	—	—	—	0.77
9	7.584	苯丙醛benzenepropanal	C₉H₁₀O	1.65	3.43	0.88	1.67	2.97	1.16	1.05
10	8.835	顺式肉桂醛cis-cinnamaldehyde	C₉H₈O	0.87	0.86	0.78	0.77	1.03	0.88	0.79
11	9.281	邻甲氧基苯甲醛o-anisaldehyde	C₈H₈O₂	—	0.89	0.52	—	—	0.48	0.71
12	9.484	乙酸苯乙酯phenethyl acetate	C₁₀H₁₂O₂	0.19	2.00	0.14	—	0.14	0.19	0.08
13	10.082	反式肉桂醛trans-cinnamaldehyde	C₉H₈O	76.09	67.73	77.11	90.26	83.42	88.17	77.45
14	12.086	邻甲氧基苯丙酮o-methoxyphenylacetone	C₁₀H₁₂O₂	—	—	0.49	—	—	—	0.20
15	12.298	α-古巴烯α-copaene	C₁₅H₂₄	2.47	1.25	—	—	—	—	0.87
16	12.312	α-荜澄茄油烯α-cubebene	C₁₅H₂₄	—	—	0.05	—	—	—	—
17	13.332	石竹烯caryophyllene	C₁₅H₂₄	—	—	0.06	—	—	—	—
18	13.759	乙酸肉桂酯cinnamyl acetate	C₁₀H₁₂O₂	3.46	5.74	0.50	—	0.83	—	—
19	13.813	香豆素coumarin	C₉H₆O₂	—	—	—	—	—	—	3.87
20	14.477	(1α, 4aα, 8aα)-1, 2, 3, 4, 4a, 5, 6, 8a-八氢-7-甲基 -4-亚甲基-1-(1-甲基乙基)-萘 (1α, 4aα, 8aα )-1, 2, 3, 4, 4a, 5, 6, 8a-octahydro-7-methyl -4-methylene-1-(1-methylethyl) -naphthalene	C₁₅H₂₄	—	—	0.05	—	—	—	—
21	14.970	α-依兰油烯α-muurolene	C₁₅H₂₄	—	—	—	—	—	—	0.09
22	15.090	β-没药烯β-bisabolene	C₁₅H₂₄	—	—	—	—	—	—	0.09
23	15.381	β-杜松烯β-cadinene	C₁₅H₂₄	0.31	—	0.05	—	—	—	0.23
24	15.653	邻甲氧基肉桂醛o-methoxycinnamaldehyde	C₁₀H₁₀O₂	—	2.84	13.31	0.65	—	2.91	4.18
25	16.204	反式-橙花叔醇trans-nerolidol	C₁₅H₂₆O	—	0.55	0.43	—	—	—	0.14
26	16.778	桉油烯醇espatulenol	C₁₅H₂₄O	—	—	0.14	—	—	—	0.15
27	16.848	氧化石竹烯caryophyllene oxide	C₁₅H₂₄O	—	—	0.06	—	—	—	0.17
28	20.506	苯甲酸苄酯benzyl benzoate	C₁₄H₁₂O₂	—	—	—	—	—	—	0.14
合计total				89.47	89.37	96.61	95.93	92.48	95.99	95.34

表2

表3

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编号 No.	树龄/a tree age	坡向 slope aspect	种植密度¹⁾/(株·dam^-2) planting density/(tree·dam^-2)
1	5	南坡south slope	52~67(G)
2	10	南坡south slope	52~67(G)
3	15	南坡south slope	30~45(S)
4	15	南坡south slope	75~90(C)
5	15	南坡south slope	52~67(G)
6	15	北坡north slope	52~67(G)
7	20	南坡south slope	52~67(G)

样品 samples	抑菌圈直径antibacterial circle diameter/mm
样品 samples	金黄色葡萄球菌S.aureus	大肠杆菌E.coli	绿脓杆菌P. aeruginosa
No.1	35.83±1.24^d	29.40±1.49^ab	23.89±1.44^e
No.2	33.04±0.80^c	31.72±1.28^bc	21.56±0.30^d
No.3	26.92±0.54^b	30.48±1.54^b	18.62±0.36^b
No.4	37.09±0.72^de	34.31±0.99^c	20.65±0.91^cd
No.5	22.57±1.08^a	33.81±1.92^c	20.21±0.10^c
No.6	26.39±0.33^b	27.58±0.51^a	16.39±0.89^a
No.7	39.63±1.84^e	31.79±0.35^bc	20.01±0.51^c
空白对照blank	0	0	0
庆大霉素gentamicin	19.96±0.99	27.59±0.17	20.88±0.30

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Effects of Growth Conditions on Content, Components and Antimicrobial Activity of Volatile Oil of Cinnamon Leaves

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