红松籽油中皮诺敛酸富集纯化工艺

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-2417.2020.06.004

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

采用油脂乙醇醇解法结合尿素包埋法富集纯化红松籽油中的皮诺敛酸，在考察尿素与红松籽油脂肪酸乙酯质量比、乙醇与尿素比例、包合温度及包合时间等因素对皮诺敛酸乙酯GC含量影响的基础上，通过响应面法优化了尿素包合富集纯化的工艺条件。研究结果表明：皮诺敛酸乙酯的最佳纯化条件为尿素与红松籽油脂肪酸乙酯质量比3：1、乙醇与尿素比例6：1（mL：g）、包合温度-13℃和包合时间24 h，在此条件下单次尿素包合后，皮诺敛酸乙酯纯度达94.75%，回收率达66.25%，纯度相比传统方法提高107%，回收率提高143%，且尿素在回收实验中表现出较好的重复性，3次包合和回收后皮诺敛酸的平均纯度仍达85.28%。

关键词: 红松籽油, 皮诺敛酸, 富集纯化, 尿素包合法, 油脂醇解法

Abstract:

The alcoholysis of oils and fats combined with urea inclusion method was used to enrich and purify pinolenic acid from the Pinus koraiensis seed oil for the first time. On the basis of investigating the influence of the ratio of P. koraiensis seed oil fatty acid ethyl esters to urea, ratio of ethanol to urea, inclusion temperature and inclusion time on the GC content of pinolenic acid ethyl ester, the enrichment and purification conditions of urea inclusion were optimized by response surface methodology. The results showed that the best purification conditions of pinolenic acid ethyl ester were the ratio of urea to P. koraiensis seed oil fatty acid ethyl esters 3:1, the ratio of ethanol to urea 6:1(mL:g), the inclusion temperature -13 ℃ and the inclusion time 24 h.Under the above optimal conditions, the purity of pinolenic acid ethyl ester could reach 94.75%, and the recovery rate could reach 66.25%. Compared with the traditional method, the purity increased by 107%, and the recovery rate increased by 143%. In addition, urea showed excellent reusability in the recovery experiment. The average purity of pinolenic acid could still reach 85.28% after three cycles of urea inclusion and recovery.

Key words: Pinus koraiensis seed oil, pinolenic acid, enrichment and purification, urea inclusion, alcoholysis of oils and fats

中图分类号:

TQ35

包三三, 王希清, 杨雨春, 武晓丹, 赵春建, 付玉杰. 红松籽油中皮诺敛酸富集纯化工艺[J]. 林产化学与工业, 2020, 40(6): 23-29.

Sansan BAO, Xiqing WANG, Yuchun YANG, Xiaodan WU, Chunjian ZHAO, Yujie FU. Enrichment and Purification Technology of Pinolenic Acid from Pinus koraiensis Seed Oil[J]. Chemistry and Industry of Forest Products, 2020, 40(6): 23-29.

图/表 6

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序号 No.	保留时间/min retention time	分子式 molecular formula	成分名称 composition	GC含量/% GC content
1	12.419	C₁₈H₃₆O₂	棕榈酸乙酯palmitic acid, ethyl ester	10.68
2	18.582	C₂₀H₃₄O₂	皮诺敛酸乙酯pinolenic acid, ethyl ester	15.57
3	19.738	C₂₀H₃₆O₂	亚油酸乙酯linolenic acid, ethyl ester	42.34
4	20.098	C₂₀H₃₈O₂	反-13-十八碳烯酸乙酯trans-13-octadecenoic acid, ethyl ester	25.96
5	21.621	C₂₀H₃₈O₂	顺-13-十八碳烯酸乙酯cis-13- octadecenoic acid, ethyl ester	2.67
6	32.316	C₂₂H₄₀O₂	5, 11, 14-二十碳三烯酸乙酯5, 11, 14-eicosatrienoic acid, ethyl ester	0.45

序号 No.	X₁ m(尿素)/m(脂肪酸乙酯) m(urea)/m(fatty acid ethyl esters)	X₂ 乙醇与尿素比例(mL:g) ratio of ethanol to urea	X₃ 包合温度/℃ inclusion temperature	Y 皮诺敛酸乙酯/% PAEE
1	2:1	6:1	-20	56.52
2	3:1	5:1	0	32.36
3	3:1	6:1	-10	92.63
4	3:1	6:1	-10	93.14
5	3:1	6:1	-10	93.88
6	4:1	6:1	0	26.75
7	3:1	6:1	-10	93.65
8	3:1	6:1	-10	92.07
9	4:1	6:1	-20	52.14
10	3:1	7:1	0	30.47
11	2:1	6:1	0	28.97
12	4:1	7:1	-10	44.23
13	4:1	5:1	-10	46.98
14	2:1	5:1	-10	50.88
15	3:1	5:1	-20	63.11
16	3:1	7:1	-20	59.43
17	2:1	7:1	-10	45.66

方差来源 sources of variance	平方和 sum of squares	自由度 freedom degree	均方 mean square	F值 F value	P值 P value	显著性 significance
模型model	9940.86	9	1104.54	874.47	< 0.0001	**
X₁	17.79	1	17.79	14.08	0.0071	**
X₂	22.92	1	22.92	18.14	0.0037	**
X₃	1586.25	1	1586.25	1255.85	< 0.0001	**
X₁X₂	1.53	1	1.53	1.21	0.3082
X₁X₃	1.17	1	1.17	0.92	0.3686
X₂X₃	0.80	1	0.80	0.63	0.4520
X₁²	2779.28	1	2779.28	2200.38	< 0.0001	**
X₂²	1759.91	1	1759.91	1393.33	< 0.0001	**
X₃²	2909.50	1	2909.50	2303.47	< 0.0001	**
残差residual	8.84	7	1.26
失拟项lack of fit	6.65	3	2.22	4.05	0.1051
纯误差pure error	2.19	4	0.55
总离差total dispersion	9949.70	16

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