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林产化学与工业 ›› 2021, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (2): 93-102.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-2417.2021.02.013

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

四株中山杉的木材和纤维特性及其制浆性能

徐姗1, 万山琦1, 吴淑芳1,*(), 於朝广2, 殷云龙2   

  1. 1. 南京林业大学 轻工与食品学院, 江苏 南京 210037
    2. 江苏省落羽杉属树木种质创新与繁育工程研究中心; 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所, 江苏 南京 210014
  • 收稿日期:2020-07-02 出版日期:2021-04-28 发布日期:2021-05-08
  • 通讯作者: 吴淑芳 E-mail:shufangwu@njfu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:吴淑芳, 教授, 博士生导师, 研究领域为制浆、漂白化学及木质纤维资源综合利用; E-mail: shufangwu@njfu.edu.cn
    徐姗(1996-), 女, 江苏无锡人, 硕士生, 主要从事木质纤维资源综合利用研究工作
  • 基金资助:
    中科院战略生物资源服务网络项目(kfj-brsn-2018-6-003)

Wood and Fiber Properties, and Pulping Performance of Four Taxodium Hybrid 'Zhongshanshan'

Shan XU1, Shanqi WAN1, Shufang WU1,*(), Chaoguang YU2, Yunlong YIN2   

  1. 1. College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
    2. Jiangsu Engineering Research Center forTaxodiumRich. Germplasm Innovation and Propagation; Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
  • Received:2020-07-02 Online:2021-04-28 Published:2021-05-08
  • Contact: Shufang WU E-mail:shufangwu@njfu.edu.cn

摘要:

对11年生的4株中山杉试验材(中山杉405、中山杉406、中山杉407和中山杉502)及其亲本落羽杉、墨杉(墨西哥落羽杉)的木材密度、结晶度、化学组成和纤维形态特性进行了分析和研究,并初步探索了两株中山杉的制浆性能。研究结果显示:4株中山杉的基本密度0.24~0.33 g/cm3,略低于墨杉(0.33 g/cm3)和落羽杉(0.34 g/cm3)。中山杉纤维数均长度和重均长度分别为1.09~1.31 mm和1.52~1.73 mm,介于墨杉和落羽杉之间;纤维长宽比与墨杉相近,明显低于落羽杉。中山杉总聚糖质量分数与亲本相近,均约占木材干质量的60%;木质素质量分数约占木材干质量的31.0%~33.2%,略低于亲本。中山杉和亲本的灰分质量分数均低于1%,但中山杉的灰分质量分数明显高于亲本。中山杉横切面可见典型针叶材管胞,薄壁细胞呈星散状,早晚材交界处可见大量受伤的树脂道;弦切面呈现单列木射线,由2~22个细胞构成。对中山杉406和中山杉407进行了初步的制浆性能探索,当硫酸盐蒸煮得率为45%~46%时,浆料的卡伯值约38。蒸煮浆料进行氧脱木质素,木质素脱出率达约64%时,脱木质素选择性较好。浆料再经二氧化氯-碱抽提-二氧化氯(DED)漂白,白度可达75%~78%(ISO)。

关键词: 中山杉, 木材密度, 结晶度, 化学组成, 纤维性能, 制浆性能

Abstract:

The wood densities, crystallinities, chemical compositions, macrostructure, fiber morphological characteristics and pulping performance of four 11-year-old Taxodium 'Zhongshanshan' (T. 'Zhongshanshan'405, T. 'Zhongshanshan'406, T. 'Zhongshanshan'407, T. 'Zhongshanshan'502) and their parents, Taxodium distichum and Taxodium mucronatum were studied. The results showed that the basic densities of four T. 'Zhongshanshan' woods arranged from 0.24 to 0.33 g/cm3, which were slightly lower than those of T. mucronatum (0.33 g/cm3) and T. distichum (0.34 g/cm3). The arithmetic average and weighted average length of T. 'Zhongshanshan' wood fiber were 1.09-1.31 mm and 1.52-1.73 mm, respectively, which were between that of T. mucronatum and T. distichum. The ratios of length to diameter of wood fiber of T. 'Zhongshanshan' were close to that of T. mucronatum, which were lower than that of T. distichum. The total polysaccharide mass fraction of T. 'Zhongshanshan' wood was similar to that of their parents, which accounted for about 60% of the dry weigh of wood. Also, lignin mass fraction was about 31.0%-33.2% of the dry weight of wood, which were slightly lower than that of parents. The ash mass fraction of T. 'Zhongshanshan' wood was higher than that of parents and all were less than 1%. Typical coniferous tracheids could be seen on the cross section of T. 'Zhongshanshan' wood. The parenchyma cells were scattered and a large number of traumatic resin canals could be seen at the junction of early and late wood. The tangential section presented an uniserial wood ray, consisting of 2-22 cells. Additionally, the pulping performance of T. 'Zhongshanshan' 406 and T. 'Zhongshanshan' 407 were investigated. The kappa number of the pulp was around 38 when the cooking yield achieved 45%-46%. The investigation on oxygen delignification of kraft pulp found that the delignification rate was about 64%, good and the delignification selectivity was good. The brightness of the pulps achieved 75%-78%(ISO) after DED bleaching.

Key words: Taxodium 'Zhongshanshan', wood density, crystallinity, chemical composition, fiber property, pulping performance

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