林产化学与工业 ›› 2021, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (4): 111-123.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-2417.2021.04.015
金灿1, 刘云龙1,2, 霍淑平1, 吴国民1, 刘贵锋1, 孔振武1,*()
收稿日期:
2020-11-27
出版日期:
2021-08-28
发布日期:
2021-08-31
通讯作者:
孔振武
E-mail:kongzwlhs@163.com
作者简介:
孔振武, 研究员, 博士生导师, 主要从事生物基聚合物材料研究; E-mail: kongzwlhs@163.com基金资助:
Can JIN1, Yunlong LIU1,2, Shuping HUO1, Guomin WU1, Guifeng LIU1, Zhenwu KONG1,*()
Received:
2020-11-27
Online:
2021-08-28
Published:
2021-08-31
Contact:
Zhenwu KONG
E-mail:kongzwlhs@163.com
摘要:
多孔炭材料具有高比表面积、大孔容和结构形貌可调控等优良的物理化学性质,对水体污染物具有良好的吸附性能。木质素是储量丰富的天然生物质资源,具有含碳量高、价廉、易改性等特点,是替代传统化石资源制备多孔炭材料的理想前驱体。本文重点综述了木质素基多孔炭材料的制备方法,及其在水体中对重金属离子、染料、芳香族化合物和抗生素等污染物的吸附、降解等方面的应用研究进展,并在分析木质素基多孔炭材料应用于水体净化处理存在的问题基础上,展望了木质素基多孔炭材料的发展方向。
中图分类号:
金灿, 刘云龙, 霍淑平, 吴国民, 刘贵锋, 孔振武. 木质素基多孔炭材料及其在水体净化中的应用研究进展[J]. 林产化学与工业, 2021, 41(4): 111-123.
Can JIN, Yunlong LIU, Shuping HUO, Guomin WU, Guifeng LIU, Zhenwu KONG. Research Progress of Lignin-based Porous Carbon Materials and Its Applications in Water Purification[J]. Chemistry and Industry of Forest Products, 2021, 41(4): 111-123.
表1
不同方法制备的木质素基多孔炭材料及其结构特征"
木质素种类 types of lignin | 制备方法或条件 preparation method or condition | 比表面积(SBET)/(m2·g-1) specific surface area | 孔容(Vtol)/(cm3·g-1) pore volume | 文献 references |
木质素磺酸钠-聚苯胺复合物 lignosulfonate/poly(2-ethylaniline) composite | 300-800 ℃, 2 h | 192.9-384.8 | 0.19-0.26 | [ |
桉树硫酸盐木质素 eucalyptus Kraft lignin | CO2, 800-850 ℃, 4-40 h | 747-1853 | — | [ |
玉米秸秆木质素 corn stover lignin | 电纺丝electrospinning, 1000 ℃, 4 h | 873.35-2042.86 | — | [ |
碱木质素alkali lignin | 电纺丝electrospinning, 1200 ℃, 1 h | 583 | 0.289 | [ |
碱木质素alkali lignin | H3PO4, 300 ℃, 4 h | 692 | 0.453 | [ |
硫酸盐木质素Kraft lignin | KOH, 700 ℃, 2 h | 3100 | 1.5 | [ |
市售木质素 commercially available lignin | KOH, 800 ℃, 2 h | 1582-2490 | 1.10 | [ |
榉木有机可溶木质素 beech wood organosolv lignin | 预交联pre-crosslinked, 900 ℃, 2 h | 763 | 0.81 | [ |
硫酸盐木质素Kraft lignin | 石墨烯模板剂graphene template, 800 ℃, 2 h | 444.29 | 0.773 | [ |
Alcell木质素Alcell lignin | 分子筛模板剂molecular sieve template, 500-900 ℃, 2 h | 381-952 | 0.102-0.350 | [ |
硬木硫酸盐木质素 hard wood Kraft lignin | 预交联pre-crosslinked, 模板剂templating agent, 400-1000 ℃, 15 min | 200-400 | 0.2-0.6 | [ |
硫酸盐木质素Kraft lignin | H3PO4, 微波加热microwave heating, 4 min | 1202 | 0.661 | [ |
酶解木质素 enzymatic hydrolysis lignin | KOH, 微波加热microwave heating, 30 min | 1297-2866 | 0.93-2.02 | [ |
木质素lignin | 水热hydrothermal, KOH, 600-900 ℃, 1 h | 1157-3235 | 0.59-1.77 | [ |
碱木质素alkali lignin | 水热hydrothermal, KOH, 700 ℃ | 1097-2955 | 0.53-1.67 | [ |
木质素磺酸钠 sodium lignosulfonate | 水热hydrothermal, 预交联pre-crosslinked, KOH, 800 ℃, 2 h | 1867.4 | 0.997 | [ |
表2
不同木质素基多孔炭材料的结构性质及其对重金属离子的吸附容量"
前体 precursor | SBET/(m2·g-1) | Vtol/(cm3·g-1) | 吸附质 adsorbate | 吸附容量(qm)/(mg·g-1) adsorption capacity | 文献 references |
黑液木质素black liquor lignin | 2943 | 1.901 | Ni(Ⅱ) | 14.03 | [ |
市售木质素、尿素 commercial lignin, urea | 375.8 | — | Pb(Ⅱ) Cd(Ⅱ) | 250.50 126.40 | [ |
碱木质素alkali lignin | 5~702.7 | — | Cu(Ⅱ) | 340.00 | [ |
西谷米木质素、聚丙烯腈sago lignin, polyacrylonitrile | 57.37 | 0.05 | Pb(Ⅱ) | 588.24 | [ |
硫酸盐木质素Kraft lignin | 1164 | 0.64 | Cu(Ⅱ) | 97.92 | [ |
硫酸盐木质素Kraft lignin | 252.6 | 0.15 | Pb(Ⅱ) | 63.69 | [ |
Fe3+、黑液木质素Fe3+,black liquor lignin | 747.84 | — | Cr(Ⅵ) | 130.50 | [ |
表3
不同木质素基多孔炭材料的结构性质及其对染料的吸附容量"
前体 precursor | SBET/(m2·g-1) | Vtol/(cm3·g-1) | 吸附质 adsorbate | qm/(mg·g-1) | 文献 reference |
硬木碱木质素 hardwood alkali lignin | 2852 | 1.50 | 亚甲基蓝 methylene blue | 1671.66 | [ |
软木碱木质素 softwood alkali lignin | 2518 | 1.41 | 亚甲基蓝 methylene blue | 1409.32 | [ |
木质素磺酸钠 sodium lignosulfonate | 2397 | 1.37 | 亚甲基蓝 methylene blue | 1182.84 | [ |
木质素磺酸钠 sodium lignosulfonate | 594.6 | 0.329 | 亚甲基蓝 methylene blue | 421.94 | [ |
硫酸盐木质素Kraft lignin | 822-1853 | 0.331-0.701 | 刚果红congo red | 48.77-1088.91 | [ |
木质素-壳聚糖lignin-chitosan | 80.77 | — | 亚甲基蓝methylene blue | 36.25 | [ |
水溶性木质素water-soluble lignin | 403 | 0.17 | 罗丹明B rhodamine B | 41.2 | [ |
Fe2+/Fe3+, 木质素lignin | 82.8 | — | 甲基橙methyl orange | 113.0 | [ |
天然木质素natural lignin | 587 | 0.32 | 甲基橙methyl orange | 300 | [ |
黑液木质素black liquor lignin | 86.41-310.15 | 0.106-0.293 | 亚甲基蓝methylene blue | 92.51 | [ |
表4
不同木质素基多孔炭材料的结构性质及其对有机污染物的吸附容量"
前体 processor | SBET/(m2·g-1) | Vtol/(cm3·g-1) | 吸附质 adsorbate | qm/(mg·g-1) | 文献 reference |
桉树磺酸盐木质素 eucalyptus Kraft lignin | 822-1853 | 0.331-0.701 | 4-硝基苯酚 4-nitrophenol | 139.11-612.08 | [ |
麦秆木质素 wheat straw lignin | 1123 | 0.43 | 苯酚phenol | 285.71 | [ |
木质素磺酸钠 sodium lignosulfonate | 2784 | 1.382 | 磺胺二甲嘧啶 sulfamethazine | 869.6 | [ |
木质素lignin | 931.53 | 0.402 | 四环素tetracycline 环丙沙星ciprofloxacin | 475.48 418.60 | [ |
木质素磺酸钠sodium lignosulfonate | 2320 | 1.342 | 四环素tetracycline 氯霉素chloramphenicol | 1297.0 1067.2 | [ |
木质素磺酸钠sodium lignosulfonate | 3505 | 2.0 | 四环素tetracycline | 1613 | [ |
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