杉木树皮基活性炭的制备、表征及其电化学性能研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-2417.2022.05.006

Abstract

Abstract:

Fir bark-based activated carbon with high surface area and porosity was prepared from by a two-step method of low-temperature carbonization and KOH high-temperature activation using forestry waste fir bark as precursor, and applied as supercapacitor electrode materials. The central composite design(CCD) and response surface analysis were carried out using alkali carbon ratio and activation temperature as the experimental factors, and the mass specific capacitance at a current density of 0.5 A/g as the response value. The results showed that the specific surface area of fir bark-based activated carbon could reach 1 522 m²/g, and the maximum pore volume could reach 0.84 cm³/g. At the same time, the average pore size was 1.12 nm, and a large number of mesopores and micropores was coexisted. The interaction between the alkali carbon ratio and the activation temperature had significant impact on the capacitance. The optimal preparation process of Chinese fir bark activated carbon was obtained by response surface methodology: alkali carbon ratio of 3, and activation temperature of 605 ℃. The specific capacitance of the carbon material under this condition was 185.7 F/g. The electrochemical performance test of the activated carbon prepared under the optimized conditions indicated that the maximum specific capacitance could reach 188 F/g at 0.5 A/g, and it had a good rate capability(85.1%).

Key words: response surface, fir bark, activated carbon, electrochemistry, specific capacitance

CLC Number:

TQ35
TQ424

Lu LUO, Lingcong LUO, Jianping DENG, Yalan ZHOU, Mizi FAN, Weigang ZHAO. Preparation, Characteristics and Electrochemical Performance of Chinese Fir Bark-based Activated Carbon[J]. Chemistry and Industry of Forest Products, 2022, 42(5): 37-44.

Figures/Tables 8

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Table 1

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Table 2

Table 3

Table 4

Fig.3

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References 28

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样品 sample	活化温度/℃ activation temp.	碱炭比值 alkali carbon ratio	比表面积/ (m²·g^-1) S_BET	总孔容/ (cm³·g^-1) total pore volume	微孔孔容/ (cm³·g^-1) micropore volume	中孔孔容/ (cm³·g^-1) mesopore volume	微孔比例 micropore ratio	平均孔径/nm average pore size
FB2-500	500	2	507	0.31	0.21	0.10	0.68	0.88
FB3-500	500	3	698	0.33	0.27	0.06	0.82	0.60
FB4-500	500	4	724	0.33	0.29	0.04	0.88	0.59
FB2-600	600	2	846	0.42	0.34	0.08	0.81	0.62
FB3-600	600	3	969	0.43	0.37	0.06	0.86	0.59
FB4-600	600	4	974	0.43	0.38	0.05	0.89	0.62
FB2-700	700	2	1 522	0.84	0.56	0.28	0.67	1.12
FB3-700	700	3	1 377	0.74	0.51	0.23	0.69	0.99
FB4-700	700	4	1 242	0.57	0.47	0.10	0.83	0.80

元素 elemental	树皮 bark	炭化树皮 carbonized bark	FB3-500	FB3-600	FB2-700	FB3-700	FB4-700
N	5.33	3.20	1.60	1.40	1.10	1.00	1.00
O	40.49	20.52	12.87	7.98	5.21	3.60	2.61

序号 No.	X₁ 活化温度/℃ activation temp.	X₂ 碱炭比值(g∶g) alkali carbon ratio	比电容/(F·g^-1) specific capacitance
1	600	2	150
2	600	3	182
3	600	3	181
4	500	4	154
5	600	3	182
6	700	2	161
7	700	3	159
8	700	4	134
9	500	2	125
10	600	4	163
11	500	3	160
12	600	3	181
13	600	3	180

方差来源 source of variance	平方和 sum of squares	自由度 degree of freedom	均方 mean square	F值 F value	P值 P value	显著性¹⁾ significant
模型 model	5 065.78	5	1 013.16	27.34	0.000 2	***
X₁	37.50	1	37.50	1.01	0.348 0
X₂	37.50	1	37.50	1.01	0.348 0
X₁X₂	784.00	1	784.00	21.15	0.002 5	**
X₁²	1 125.81	1	1 125.81	30.37	0.000 9	***
X₂²	1 485.24	1	1 485.24	40.07	0.000 4	***
残差 residual	259.45	7	37.06
失拟项 lack of fit	208.25	3	69.42	5.42	0.068 0
纯误差 pure error	51.20	4	12.80
总变异 total variation	5 325.23	12

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Preparation, Characteristics and Electrochemical Performance of Chinese Fir Bark-based Activated Carbon

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