Table of Content

30 December 2009, Volume 29 Issue 6 Previous Issue    Next Issue

研究报告

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Study on Hydrogenation of Rosin Catalyzed by Thermoregulated Water-soluble Phosphine Palladium Complex YU Ming-yuan;XIE Cong-xia;LIU Shi-wei;YU Shi-tao;LIU Fu-sheng;JIANG Rui 2009, 29 (6):  11-14.  Abstract ( 576 )   PDF (647KB) ( 591 )   Save The fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether 1,2-phenylene phosphate ester (FAPEPP) was prepared, characterized and used as catalyst in the hydrogenation of rosin. Reaction time, reaction temperature, hydrogen pressure and amount of palladium chloride were studied. The optimum reaction conditions were as follows:rosin 5g, m(rosin):m(toluene):m(water)1:2:2, palladium chloride 0.090%, n(palladium chloride):n(ligands)1:10, hydrogen pressure 5 MPa, reaction temperature 160℃, reaction time 3 h, mass fraction of abietic acid could be under 1%, mass fraction of dehydroabietic acid was 5.6%, which conforms to the national standards. The regeneration of catalyst was investigated. After cycling five times, the product of hydrogenated rosin still conforms to the national standards without any treatment of catalyst. Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on Anti-tumor Activity of Poplar Bud Extract in vitro ZHENG Guang-yao;KANG Hong-xing;BO Cai-ying;SONG Qiang;ZHOU Wei-chun 2009, 29 (6):  38-42.  Abstract ( 688 )   PDF (684KB) ( 770 )   Save The growth-inhibition effect of poplar bud extract on MCF-7, SMMC-7721 and A549 cell lines by MTT assay were observed and the anti-tumor activity was compared with propolis and poplar gum from market. The results showed that the inhibitory rates of poplar bud extract on the three cell lines for 48 h, were 97.1%, 88.7% and 60.5%, with the IC50 of 58.4, 83.9 and 196.3 mg/L, respectively, which were higher than those of propolis and poplar gum. Poplar bud extract has significantly inhibited the growth in vitro on the three cell lines, suggesting that poplar bud extract has obvious anti-tumor activity. Related Articles | Metrics

综述评论

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Review on Study of Polysaccharide from Bamboo Leaves YAO Xi;YUE Yong-de;TANG Feng;GUO Xue-feng;WANG Jin 2009, 29 (6):  93-97.  Abstract ( 751 )   PDF (904KB) ( 1303 )   Save Bamboo leave polysaccharide (BLP), as an important resource of physiologically active substance, is regarded as one of the most promising new resources of healthcare food and drugs. This article summarized the progress of study on bamboo leave polysaccharide in the aspects of extraction, purification, analysis, identification and bioactivity, with the aim of offering reference for further researches on utilizations of bamboo resource. Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of Matrix-assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-MS) in the Investigation of Lignin WANG Lu;HUANG Feng;GAO Pei-ji 2009, 29 (6):  105-108.  Abstract ( 673 )   PDF (710KB) ( 777 )   Save Application of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS)in the study of lignin was discussed. This new technique can provide new knowledge of the structure of lignin, and also can study the related protein in the course of lignin biodegradation. Related Articles | Metrics

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Comprehensive Exploitation and Utilization of Pueraria DC. LI Yu-shan 2009, 29 (6):  109-126.  Abstract ( 612 )   PDF (2841KB) ( 855 )   Save Starch, cellulose, protein, allantoin, isoflavone and dietary fiber, which are important medical, food and chemical stuff, can be extracted from Pueraria DC. The comprehensive exploitation and utilization of Pueraria were introduced.The distribution of isoflavone in the plant, extraction, purification and analysis methods were expecially introduced so as to put forward intensive study and utilization of Pueraria in our country. Related Articles | Metrics

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Review on Research Progress and Development Trend of Activated Carbon at Home and Abroad SUN Kang;JIANG Jian-chun 2009, 29 (6):  98-104.  Abstract ( 1140 )   PDF (1351KB) ( 2510 )   Save The progress of technical studies on activated carbon production at home and abroad in recent years were introduced, such as pollution-free, low active agent consumption, pre-treatment, catalytic activation, template manufacture and physical-chemical united techniques. Meanwhile, the progress was discussed in researching the application technology of activated carbon, such as hydrogen preservation, natural gas peak load regulation, VOC recovery, oxygen-enrichment, photo-catalysis, temperature controlling, flowers fresh-keeping, soil improving, fuel cell electrodes, as well as regeneration of saturatedly adsorbed activated carbon. The existing problems and future trends of production and application technology of activated carbon were also discussed. Related Articles | Metrics

研究报告

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Analysis of Cinnamomum petrophilum Leaves Extracts Prepared by Three Kinds of Technologies YIN Li-guo;QING Hai-jun;ZENG Lin-jiu;LI Lan;WEI Qin;WANG Tao;ZHOU Li-jun 2009, 29 (6):  69-72.  Abstract ( 606 )   PDF (950KB) ( 626 )   Save Cinnamomum petrophilum leaves extracts were prepared respectively by steam distillation, ether extraction and supercritical CO2 extraction, to obtain product yields of 2.09%, 3.14% and 3.75% respectively. Safrole contents of the extracts were 94.9%, 36.1% and 15.9%, respectively, analyzed by GC, which was confirmed by GC-MS. For the substances of molecular weight between 30-550u, the essential oil produced by steam distillation contained α-limonene, linalool and 2-methyl-3-(2-propenyl)phenol besides safrole. The test results showed that steam distillation was the best technology to prepare safrole from C.petrophilum leaves. Related Articles | Metrics

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Sutdy on Chemical Characteristics and Content of Polysaccharides from Bamboo Leaves of Different Species FENG Yu-chao;WANG Cheng-zhang;CHEN Wen-ying;YE Jian-zhong;ZHOU Hao 2009, 29 (6):  81-85.  Abstract ( 536 )   PDF (1021KB) ( 731 )   Save Chemical characteristics of polysaccharides from leaves of 17 bamboo species were investigated by acid hydrolysis, derivatization and GC analysis, and the contents of bamboo polysaccharides in different species were studied by sulfuric acid-anthrone method. The results indicated that bamboo polysaccharides in different species were mainly composed of:xylose 43.9%-65.5%, arabinose 11.7%-19.6%, glucose 7.2%-20.8%, galactose 7.7%-14.1% and unknown monosaccharide 5.0%-6.9%.The mass fraction of bamboo polysaccharides in different species was about 1.9%-5.7%, Shibataea chinensis Nakai had the hightest mass fraction of polysaccharides with 5.7%,and the lowest was Pleioblastus chian f.hisauchii with 1.9%. The mass fraction of polysacchrides over 4% from 17 species of bamboo leaves were screened out as follows:S.chinensis, Indocalamus pedalis (Keng) Keng f., Bashania fargesii (E.G.Camus)Keng f.et Yi, Sasa argenteastriatus E.G.Camus,Phyllostachys edulis(Carr)A.et C.Riv,P.nidularia Munro,Sinobambusa tootsik(Sieb.)Makino and Neosinocalamus affinis(Rendle)Keng f. Because of the wide source and high quality, P.edulis(Carr)A.et C.Riv is the best raw material to extract polysaccharides. Related Articles | Metrics

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Synthesis and Characterization of Diethanolamine-based Lignin Nonionic Surfactant AI Qing;FANG Gui-zhen;ZHAO Yin-feng;WANG Chun-hai;REN Shi-xue 2009, 29 (6):  52-56.  Abstract ( 462 )   PDF (970KB) ( 881 )   Save Alkaline lignin was classificated according to the method of acid precipitation. The classified lignin at pH value 4-6 was treated with epichlorohydrin and diethanolamine to prepare diethanolamine-based lignin nonionic surfactant. The structure of the product was characterized by FT-IR and determination of nitrogen content. The surface-active property and solubility were investigated by surface tension experiment and turbidity test. The results showed that solid content of the surfactant is 32.6%, nitrogen content is 1.99%, FT-IR spectrum showed the introduction of diethanolamine into lignin. Surface tension of aqueous solution decreased to 53.27 mN/m, indicating the favorable surface activity in aqueous solution. The turbidity determination of blended solution of diethanolamine-based lignin nonionic surfactant(DLNS) with dodecyl sodium sulfate(SDS) showed low turbidity and superior effect in quite a wide range of V(SDS):V(DLNS)20:3-20:20. Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on Distribution Rule of Flavonoids in Ginkgo biloba Linn. ZHOU Tong-jian;CAO Fu-liang;WANG Gui-bin;YUAN Cui-mei 2009, 29 (6):  78-80.  Abstract ( 667 )   PDF (579KB) ( 761 )   Save Flavonoids were extracted from different parts of Ginkgo biloba Linn. with ethanol and the flavonoid contents were assayed by spectrophotometry. The distribution rule of flavonoids in Ginkgo tree was studied.The results were:branch wood content about 0.035 mg/g, trunk wood content about 0.018 mg/g,root wood content about 0.014 mg/g,branch bark content about 0.41 mg/g,trunk bark content about 0.26 mg/g,root bark content 0.12 mg/g, nursery stock content about 0.12 mg/g. The results indicate that flavonoid content in different parts of G.biloba are differences. From the root to the branches, then leaves, flavonoid content increased . Related Articles | Metrics

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Synthesis and Properties of the Prepolymer from Acrylic Acid Rosin and Ethylene Diglycidyl Ether MA Yi-jing;SHEN Min-min;LI Yin-wen;HA Cheng-yong 2009, 29 (6):  57-60.  Abstract ( 671 )   PDF (868KB) ( 716 )   Save Prepolymer from acrylic acid rosin and ethylene diglycidyl ether was prepared by esterification between acrylic acid rosin and ethylene diglycidyl ether. Influences of temperature and the amount of catalyst on the reaction were investigated. The optimum experimental condition was as follows:c(Et3N)0.02%(based on acrylic acid rosin), 130℃ and 5 h. The prepolymer had the following properties:epoxy value 0.19 mol/100 g, viscosity (36℃) 16.3 Pa·s, acid value 0.4 mg/g. Property of the cured product was studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and FT-IR. The glass transition temperature (Tg) of the cured product reached 53.0℃ when curing condition was as follows:m(MeHHPA):m(prepolymer)8:10, pre-polymerized at 100℃ for 2 h, cured at 190℃ for 5 h. Related Articles | Metrics

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Process for Purification of Cinnamicaldehyde from Cinnamon Oil ZHONG Chang-yong 2009, 29 (6):  65-68.  Abstract ( 1573 )   PDF (848KB) ( 946 )   Save A process for preparing cinnamaldehyde from cinnamon oil using vacuum distillation and molecular distillation was investigated. The optimum conditions of the process for obtaining high-purity and high-yield product were determined by analyzing the relative content of cinnamaldehyde with gas chromatography. The condition of vacuum distillation was as follows:pressure 1.333 kPa, temperature of total reflux 60-70℃, temperature of collecting the light component 60-100℃, temperature of collecting the middle component 90-115℃, temperature of collecting crude cinnamaldehyde 110-125℃, reflux ratio 2:1. Under these conditions, the purity and yield of the final product were 98.66% and 84.68%, respectively. The purity and yield reach 99.5% and 85.63% respectively after molecular distillation. Related Articles | Metrics

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Preparation of Lignin-based Superplasticizer and Its Application in Mortar WEI Min WEI Min;YI Cong-hua;DENG Yong-hong;YANG Dong-jie;QIU Xue-qing 2009, 29 (6):  29-37.  Abstract ( 756 )   PDF (600KB) ( 592 )   Save Lignosulfonate-modified sulfonated melamine formaldehyde resin (LSMF) has been synthesized as a superplasticizer used in mortar, and its effects on the performance of mortar have been systematically investigated. To obtain a new superplasticizer LSMF, lignosulfonates originated from wood, straw, bamboo and bagasse were selected to react with sulfonated melamine formaldehyde through a four-step reaction. The effects of LSMF on the performances of the superplasticized mortar were studied through measuring water-reducing ratio, compressive strength, flexural strength, and accelerated carbonation depth. The result shows that straw-based LSMF with sulfonic group content of 3.663 mmol/g and intrinsic viscosity of 7.24 mL/g has the best water-reducing and reinforcement effects. When LSMF is used in dosage of 0.7% by weight of cement, water-reducing ratio reaches 21.1%. Compared with that of the control mortar, compressive strength and flexural strength of the superplasticized mortar increase 37% and 18% at 28 d, respectively. The minimum carbonation depth of superplasticized mortar at 28 d is 13 mm, while that of the control mortar is 34.5 mm. This understanding can lead to push forward the utilization of lignin with high efficiency. Related Articles | Metrics

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Synthesis and Dispersion Stability of Cationic Polyol Based on Hydrogenated Terpinene-maleic Ester Type Epoxy Resin WU Guo-min;KONG Zhen-wu;;HUANG Huan;;CHEN Jian;CHU Fu-xiang; 2009, 29 (6):  1-6.  Abstract ( 868 )   PDF (1111KB) ( 541 )   Save A novel cationic polyol which could crosslink with poly-isocyanate to form two-component waterborne polyurethane was prepared from hydrogenated terpinene-maleic ester type epoxy resin (HTME) modified by hydrophilic compounds of diethanolamine(DEA) and polyethylene glycol 200(PEG200). Suitable synthesis conditions were confirmed by studying factors of synthesis reaction. Good-quality polyol could be obtained by HTME reacting with DEA at the amount of 12% of HTME by weight and PEG200 whose molar ratio to HTME (the quantities after reacting with amino group of DEA) was 1:1-1.2:1 at temperature of 100℃ for about 6-7 h in the presence of ZnCl2 as catalyst with the amount about 2% of HTME by weight. The chemical structure of the polyol was characterized by FT-IR spectra. The dosage of PEG200 affected OH-value, softening point, glass-transition temperature (Tg) of the polyol resin and the viscosity of the dispersion. With the increasing of dosage of PEG200, hydroxyl value rised,while softening point, Tg and viscosity were decreased. From the size and zeta potential analysis, it was indicated that the cationic polyol dispersion had good stability under acidic condition and its particle size was not more than 100 nm when the dosage of DEA reached 12% of HTME by weight. The viscosity of the polyol dispersion with high solid content was quite high, while addition of some inert thinner such as propylene glycol methyl ether acetate(PMA) could lower the viscosity sensitively. Related Articles | Metrics

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Construction of Strain Capable of Co-fermenting Pentose and Hexose by Diinactivated Protoplast Fusion for Producing Fuel Ethanol from Cellulose SONG An-dong;XIE Hui;WANG Feng-qin;ZHANG Jian 2009, 29 (6):  20-24.  Abstract ( 556 )   PDF (921KB) ( 601 )   Save A stable fusant F10 which can co-ferment pentose and hexose into fuel ethanol was obtained by diinactivated protoplast fusion between Pachusolen tannophilus P-01 and haploid D-12 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae 1308. The ethanol concentration of F10 in fermentation broth reached 1.3%, or 36.8% higher than parent strain P-01(0.95%). The fermentation activity of F10 in corn-stalk hydrolyzates was analyzed, the ethanol concentration of F10 reached 1.1% (volume fraction), which was far higher than the parent strains. Related Articles | Metrics

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Studies on Extraction and Purification of Flavonoids from Leaves of Jasminum nudiflorum Lindl.and Their Antifreeradical Activity ZHENG Min-yan;WEI Yong-sheng;GENG Wei;CAO Lei 2009, 29 (6):  47-51.  Abstract ( 692 )   PDF (1026KB) ( 725 )   Save The extraction and purification conditions of flavonoids from leaves of Jasminum nudiflorum Lindl.(FLJN) and their abilities of eliminating free radicals were researched. The results of orthogonal experiment showed the optimum extraction conditions were:material with 15-fold ethanol of 75% as solvent was refluxed in water-bath for three times, each for 40 min. The crude extract was treated with active carbon to obtain purified product with flavonoids content of 97.6%. Experiments in vitro showed FLJN could scavenge free radicals such as DPPH· and ·OH. The IC50 ( the amount of sample needed to eliminate 50% of free radical) were 8.40 and 2.24 mg/L, respectively. Its antifreeradical ability was nearly the same as that of rutin and slightly weaker than that of dibutyl hydroxy toluene (BHT). Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on Extraction and Properties of Edible Pigment from the Fruit of Sageretia thea(Osbeck) Johnst ZHOU Hong;HUANG Guan;LIN Cui-wu;SUN Jian-hua;ZHONG Xue-ping;ZHAO Shu-kai 2009, 29 (6):  43-46.  Abstract ( 629 )   PDF (842KB) ( 579 )   Save The pigment was extracted from the edible fruit of Sageretia theezans Brongn by using 0.1% HCl-70% EtOH(volume fraction)water solution, and its stability, physicochemical properties were studied. The results showed that the yield of the pigment was 8.2%. The pigment has good solublility in polar solvents such as water, methanol and ethanol, and its colour changes with pH value.When pH value≤3, its λmax was 530 nm, with considerable heat and light stabilities, but its alkaline resistance and redox resistance were poor. Its color can be slightly weakened by glucose, sucrose, citric acid, table salt, phenylformic acid, Mg2+, Zn2+, K+, Ca2+, Na+, and the colour can be changed by Al3+, Fe3+, Cu2+. The white mouse hadn't showed any unusual behaviour in the preliminary acute toxicity test. Related Articles | Metrics

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Synthesis of Borneol from β-Pinene Catalyzed by Solid Superacid LIU Yong-gen;CHEN Hui-zong;YANG Yi-wen 2009, 29 (6):  25-28.  Abstract ( 725 )   PDF (1025KB) ( 716 )   Save Bornyl oxalate was formed smoothly by esterification of β-pinene with anhydrous oxalic acid using solid superacid as catalyst. Borneol was obtained by saponification of bornyl oxalate with NaOH solution. Esterification was conducted by temperature programming method (65℃ 1h, 75℃ 4h, 90℃1 h)and the time of saponification was 1 h. When the amount of SO42-/ZrO2 catalyst was 7% of the mass of β-pinene, the yield of product was 62.0%,and the mass ratio of borneol to isoborneol in the product was 13.6:48.7. When the amount of S2O82-/ZrO2 catalyst was 7% of the mass of β-pinene, the yield of product was 66.7%,the mass ratio of borneol to isoborneol in the product was 11.5:49.5. Both two catalysts were poor for borneol selectivity. The yield of product was 56.1% when rare-earth composite solid superacid SO42-/ZrO2-CeO2 was used as catalyst at dosage of 3% of the mass of β-pinene, while mass ratio of borneol to isoborneol in the product reached 46.0:23.2, showing higher borneol selectivity than other catalysts. Related Articles | Metrics

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Chemical Constituents of the Fruits of Gardenia jasminoides form.grandiflora(Lour.) Makino. GU Qian-kun;ZHOU Xiao-qin;BI Zhi-ming;LI Ping;YANG Li 2009, 29 (6):  61-64.  Abstract ( 706 )   PDF (632KB) ( 752 )   Save The chemical constituents of the fruits of Gardenia jasminoides form.grandiflora(Lour.) Makino. were studied. Eight compounds were isolated and their structures were elucidated by comparison of their physico chemical properties and spectral data with those of reference data. The compounds were determined to be (4R)-4-hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexene-1-carboxylic acid(1), crocetin(2), crocin-4(3), crocin-3(4), crocin-2(5), crocin-1(6), geniposide(7) and genipin-1-β-D-gentiobioside(8), respectively. Among them, compounds 2-6 were obtained from this plant for the first time. Related Articles | Metrics

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Optimization for Supercritical CO2 Extraction of Octacosanol from Sugar-cane Skin with Response Surface Methodology HUO Yan-rong;GAO Qian-xin;WU Feng-hua;YANG Hu-qing 2009, 29 (6):  73-77.  Abstract ( 596 )   PDF (969KB) ( 862 )   Save Response surface methodology (RSM) was used for optimizing the extraction of octacosanol from sugar-cane skin. Based on single-factor experiments, three independent variables, namely:pressure, temperature and time were selected as affecting factors during extraction. The experiments were arranged according to Box-Behnken central composite experiment design. The model of a second order quadratic equation was established. The adequacy of the model equation for predicting the optimum response values was verified effectively. Effects of pressure, temperature and time on octacosanol yield were investigted. Statistical analysis of the experiment indicated that individual factors such as pressure, temperature, and interaction between pressure and time had very significant effects on octacosanol yield. The optimum conditions for octacosanol yield were found to be pressure 31.2 MPa, temperature 44.8℃ and extraction time 226.17 min at which the yield was 7.5855 mg/g. Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of Pyrolysates from Flue-cured Tobacco and Paper-making Reconstituted Tobacco LIU Wei-juan;WANG Ya-ming;LIU Gang;HOU Ying;DUAN Meng;CHE Jing 2009, 29 (6):  86-92.  Abstract ( 604 )   PDF (872KB) ( 683 )   Save To further evaluate the effects of natural flue-cured tobacco and paper-making reconstituted tobacco in cigarettes, a detailed comparative study of chemical components of flue-cured tobacco and paper-making reconstituted tobacco before and after combustion was carried out. A modified apparatus of pyrolyzer was used to simulate the combustion behavior of cigarette. The pyrolysis behavior of flue-cured tobacco and paper-making reconstituted tobacco was studied by heating at 300, 600 and 900℃ in air, and the pyrolysates were analyzed by GC-MS. The results indicated that the kinds of pyrolysate from flue-cured tobacco and paper-making reconstituted tobacco were positively related to the pyrolysis temperature. On the other hand, the kinds of pyrolysate from flue-cured tobacco were much more than those from paper-making reconstituted tobacco at the same temperature level. Related Articles | Metrics

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Cellulase Production from Mixed Fermentation of Trichoderma reesei RUT C-30 and Apsergillus niger NL02 FANG Hao;SONG Xiang-yang;ZHAO Chen;CHANG Zheng;CHU Jie;YONG Qiang 2009, 29 (6):  15-19.  Abstract ( 658 )   PDF (871KB) ( 833 )   Save Cellulase production from mixed fermentation of Trichoderma reesei and Aspergillus niger was investigated. The balance point of the two strains was established by delaying inoculation time of A.niger and using different inoculum ratios. The time courses of cellulase production by monoculture of T.reesei and A.niger were used as controls. It was found that the highest filter paper activity(FPA), 3.295 IU/mL, was obtained when delay in A.niger inoculation was 48 h and volumetric inoculum ratio of T.reesei versus A.niger was 5:1, higher than the FPA of the monoculture of T.reesei, 2.480 IU/mL. The β-glucosidase activity(β-GA) also increased from 0.243 IU/mL of the monoculture of T.reesei to 1.010 IU/mL of the mixed culture aforementioned. It was demonstrated that the mixed fermentation of T.reesei and A.niger was feasible and superior to the monoculture of T.reesei or A.niger. Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on the Film Properties of Lacquer Modified by Rosin SONG Xian-liang;JIANG Jian-xin;XIE Jian-jie;BAI Yang 2009, 29 (6):  7-10.  Abstract ( 624 )   PDF (728KB) ( 633 )   Save Effect of adding rosin into raw lacquer on the film properties was studied. The result showed that the addition of rosin or its alcoholic solution can improved the film properties. The film properties are the best when rosin dosage is 5%. The film properties were improved significantly when 5% rosin was added into the reation product of raw lacquer and Fe3+, the drying time is shortened to 53 h, film adhesion is 4-5 level, impact resistance is less than 30 kg/cm, film hardness ( by pencil test ) is 2H. The result of IR showed that ester was obtained from the esterification of hydroxyl of the raw lacquer with the carboxyl of the rosin, which improves the film properties. Related Articles | Metrics