Table of Content

20 October 2004, Volume 24 Issue S1 Previous Issue    Next Issue

专家特稿

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CHEMICAL UTILIZATION OF FOREST PRODUCTS IN CHINA SHEN Zhao-bang 2004, 24 (S1):  1-6.  Abstract ( 666 )   PDF (524KB) ( 658 )   Save Chemical utilization of forest products is referred to the chemical processing of both wood and non-wood forest raw materials to produce various products, necessary to the development of national economy. The main products are: wood pulp and paperboard, wood-based active carbon, oleoresin chemicals, vegetable tannins, essential oils, plant extracts, etc. In recent years, Chinese forest chemical industry developed rapidly, especially the construction of integrated forest-paper industry provides the favorable conditions for the development of wood pulping industry and the change of the raw material structure for Chinese paper industry. According to the plan, the wood pulp output in 2005 will be 3.8 million tons and 7.5 million tons in 2010. The annual output of gum rosin in China has already been over 500 kt with annual export of around 300 kt. The wood-based active carbon output is about 60 kt/a. With the development of Chinese economy, the demand for the forest chemical processing products is expected to keep increasing. Related Articles | Metrics

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RESEARCHES ON PINE CHEMICALS IN CHINA SONG Zhan-qian 2004, 24 (S1):  7-11.  Abstract ( 619 )   PDF (683KB) ( 1145 )   Save Abundant pine oleoresin resources are available in China. Its output is more than 500 kt/a, taking the first place in the world. Three development periods and main research units for pine chemicals industry in China are mentioned. The Section of Oleoresin Chemistry, the pine chemicals research center in China, in Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, CAF, was founded in 1960. Re -processed products in pine chemicals, produced commercially, were reviewed. Today, China can produce nearly all reprocessed products available in the world, a total producing capacity more than 100 kt/a. Meanwhile, some new research results on polymeric materials, fine chemicals, new catalysts and perfumes, were reviewed. Some basic studies supported by Chinese Natural Science Foundation were also mentioned. Numerous valuable data for chemotaxonomy of pine species were obtained through systematic studies on chemical composition of oleoresin of nearly 60 pine species. Related Articles | Metrics

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SURVEY OF CHINESE GUM ROSIN INDUSTRY China Golddragon Rosin Group Corp;Beijing 00;China 2004, 24 (S1):  12-19.  Abstract ( 1002 )   PDF (940KB) ( 2457 )   Save Gum rosin is a kind of natural resin with high economic value. As an important chemical raw material, it is widely used in papermaking, adhesives, paint, printing ink, rubber, food and other industries. From a macroscopic point of view, this article gives a general introduction to China’s gum rosin industry in terms of history, current situation and prospects. Related Articles | Metrics

研究报告

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STUDY ON SYNTHESIS ROUTE OF BIOACTIVE SQUALENE FROM TURPENTINE ZHAO Zhen-dong 2004, 24 (S1):  20-24.  Abstract ( 717 )   PDF (630KB) ( 1067 )   Save On the basis of comparing the chemical structures of the rare natural bioactive triterpene squalene that mainly exists in liver oil of deep-sea sharks, with turpentine that is a natural plentiful resource of monoterpene in China, followed by the present researches and literatures survey, a feasible route is creatively suggested to synthesize squalene from turpentine. This synthesis route consists of 9 main reaction steps, namely: turpentine oil (pinenes) → pinane → pinane hydrogen peroxide → pinaol → linalool → geranylacetone → nerolidol → farnesol → farnesyl bromide → squalene, in which the last two key reactions, namely the bromination of farnesol and the reductive coupling of farnesyl bromide were mainly studied in detail. The suggested synthesis route has been confirmed to be feasible. From the reproducible turpentine oil, the goal squalene has been synthesized. Status and key points of each reaction step in the synthesis route were briefly described. Related Articles | Metrics

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STUDY ON SYNTHESIZING TERPINYL ACETATE CATALYZED BY NANOMETER SOLID SUPERACID WU Chun-hua;AN Xin-nan;ZHAO Qian-rong;ZHANG Jia-yan;JIANG Jian-xin 2004, 24 (S1):  25-28.  Abstract ( 710 )   PDF (658KB) ( 522 )   Save The nanometer solid superacid SO42-/ZrO2 was used as catalyst for acetylating of terpineol. By orthogonal tests, the optimum technology condition was obtained. The optimum temperature and time were (50℃) and 5 h, respectively, catalyst quantity was 3%, the ratio between acetic anhydride and terpineol was (1.3:1.) Under this condition, the conversion ratio of terpineol was 100%, the total ester was 92.79%, the content of lemonene with carene as main byproducts was 5.27% among products. The activity and selectivity of the nanometer solid superacid SO42-/ZrO2 were higher than those of ordinary solid superacid SO42-/ZrO2. The nanometer solid superacid SO42-/ZrO2 could be repeatedly used for 5 times. Related Articles | Metrics

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CHARACTERIZATION OF CURING REACTION OF MODIFIED ROSIN BASED ALICYCLIC EPOXY RESIN KONG Zhen-wu;HUANG Huan;ZHOU Hao 2004, 24 (S1):  29-32.  Abstract ( 664 )   PDF (507KB) ( 1075 )   Save The activity of curing reaction of modified rosin based alicyclic epoxy resin with modified methyl hexahydrophthalic anhydride was investigated by thermal analysis and gelatin time determination. The curing process and reaction mechanism of this epoxy resin/modified liquid anhydride system were studied by qualitative analysis of FT-IR spectrum and quantitative determination of curing degree. It was shown that curing reaction of this kind of epoxy resin with modified liquid anhydride was an exothermic reaction, and the reaction enthalpy determined by DSC method was 272-335 J/g. The gelation time of this epoxy resin with modified liquid anhydride was related to the chemical structure and the composition of epoxy resin, curing temperature and accelerator. The reaction process and curing mechanism were basically identical to the curing reaction of bisphenol A epoxy resin with anhydride in the presence of accelerator. Related Articles | Metrics

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INTERPENETRATING POLYMER NETWORKS PREPARED FROM A ROSIN-BASED EPOXY RESIN AND A TURPENTINE-BASED POLYURETHANE SHANG Shi-bin;XIA Jian-ling;XIE Hui;HUANG Huan;WANG Ding-xuan 2004, 24 (S1):  33-36.  Abstract ( 578 )   PDF (567KB) ( 776 )   Save A series of interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) materials, based on a rosin-based epoxy resin (RER) and a turpentine-based polyurethane (TPU) were prepared from gum rosin and turpentine oil. FT-IR spectra showed that the curing rate of the turpentine oil-based polyurethane was faster than that of the rosin-based epoxy resin and these two networks formed more sequentially than simultaneously in the final IPNs. The results of DSC showed that there was no phase separation in the final IPNs and each of the IPNs exhibited a single, broad glass transition temperature. When the rosin-based epoxy resin was 13% by weight, Tg reached the top value. The results of performance tests also showed that when the rosin-based epoxy resin was 13% by weight, IPN exhibited the optimum mechanical properties. Related Articles | Metrics

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HYDRATION OF TURPENTINE CATALYZED BY MESOPOROUS ZIRCONIUM MOLECULAR SIEVE SO42- ZR-MCM-41 YU Shi-tao;LI Lu;LIU Fu-sheng;XIE Cong-xia 2004, 24 (S1):  37-40.  Abstract ( 808 )   PDF (709KB) ( 590 )   Save Zirconium-containing mesoporous molecular sieve SO42-/Zr-MCM-41 was synthesized. Its structure was characterized by XRD and FT-IR. The results showed that the obtained product was of the characteristics of mesoporous molecular sieve, possessing good long-range order and crystallinity. By FT-IR, it was proved that SO42- has been chemically bonded with the frame of mesoporous molecular sieve and the acidity has been improved, H0≤-12.76. SO42-/Zr-MCM-41 was used as catalyst.In the hydration of turpentine, the suitable reaction conditions were obtained as follows:catalyst:turpentine 7.5% (mass part), monochloro acetic acid:turpentine:water 1:1:3(molar ratio), reaction temperature 60℃, reaction time 8-10 h. Under the above conditions, contents of terpineol reached 60%. Related Articles | Metrics

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STUDY ON ADDITION REACTION BETWEEN CAMPHENE AND FORMIC ACID UNDER MICROWAVE IRRADIATION LIN Zhong-xiang;OU Wen-hua 2004, 24 (S1):  41-46.  Abstract ( 678 )   PDF (721KB) ( 605 )   Save The addition reactions between camphene and carboxylic acid catalyzed by p-toluenesulfonic acid in a sealed reacting pot under microwave irradiation were studied. Factors affecting the reaction of camphene with formic acid were discussed in detail. The main products were isobornyl formate, 3-camphanyl formate, camphene hydrate, isoborneol, 3-camphanol, isofenchyl formate,etc. Results showed that the content of isobornyl formate in the reaction mixture reaches 77.2% in addition reaction of camphene 25 mmol with formic acid (53 mmol) catalyzed by p-toluenesulfonic acid 0.20 mmol under microwave irradiation for 40 s (microwave power 700 W). Microwave irradiation could raise the reaction rate greatly. This research provided a new approach for esterification of camphene. Related Articles | Metrics

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SYNTHESIS,STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF BIS-OXIRANYLMETHYL ESTER OF ACRYLIC ADDUCT OF LEVOPIMARIC ACID WEI Xiao-hui;CAO De-rong;CHEN Jiu-ji;DONG Shao-feng;WU Jian-hua 2004, 24 (S1):  47-51.  Abstract ( 537 )   PDF (984KB) ( 779 )   Save Bis-oxiranylmethyl ester of acrylic adduct of levopimaric acid (2) was prepared by acrylic adduct of levopimaric acid (1) with epichlorohydrin in the presence of phase-transfer catalyst.The structure and properties of 2 were studied.Following the same procedure,a new epoxy resin (3) based on 2 was synthesized by (reaction) of acrylic modified rosin with epichlorohydrin.Curing reactions of epoxy resin 3 with amine,polyamide and anhydride and (properties) of the cured products were investigated.Results of the experiments showed that epoxy resin 3 has the (corresponding) properties as E- 44 epoxy resin. Related Articles | Metrics

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ADDITION REACTION BETWEEN α-PINENE AND METHANOL UNDER MICROWAVE IRRADIATION DING Xing-hong;LIN Zhong-xiang 2004, 24 (S1):  52-56.  Abstract ( 722 )   PDF (1051KB) ( 555 )   Save Addition reaction between α-pinene and methanol under microwave irradiation was studied, and the optimum experiment factors are as follows: α-pinene 0.03 mol, methanol 0.12 mol, sulfuric acid (catalyst) (1.34 mmol,) microwave power 70 W and reaction time 100 min. The yield of the main product methyl α-terpinyl ether in the reaction mixture reaches 42.5% under the optimum experiment conditions. The reactions under microwave irradiation not only have reaction rate 4 times higher than that by conventional heating method, but also have better productivity and selectivity. The application of microwave technique in the synthesis of methyl α-terpinyl ether has the advantages of high yield and short time, with the potential of extensive utilization. Related Articles | Metrics

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STUDY ON SYNTHSIS OF TERPINEOL CATALYZED BY MoO3/ZrO2 SOLID SUPERACID WANG Ya-ming;LIU Tian-cheng;ZHOU Mei-cun;TANG Hui 2004, 24 (S1):  57-60.  Abstract ( 622 )   PDF (758KB) ( 721 )   Save Relationship between the catalytic activity and acid strength, and optimum condition for sythesis of terpineol catalyzed by MoO3/ZrO2 solid superacid were studied. Results showed that as the acid strength increased, the catalytic activity and selectivity of MoO3/ZrO2 also increased. MoO3/ZrO2(B) solid superacid was used to catalyze hydration of α-pinene at 80℃, mass part of catalyst 8%, reaction time 8 h, α-pinene: solvent:assistant:water 1:1:1:2 (mass part) to give α-pinene conversion at 85%, and selectivity of (α-terpineol) at 68.1%。 Related Articles | Metrics

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STUDY ON SURFACE ACTIVITY OF ROSIN PENTAERYTHRITOL ESTER POLYOXYLETHYLENE ETHER ZHOU Yong-hong;SONG Zhan-qian;XU Yu-zhi;XIE Hui 2004, 24 (S1):  61-64.  Abstract ( 560 )   PDF (657KB) ( 977 )   Save A series of rosin pentaerythritol ester polyoxylethylene ether (RPEO) with different polymerization degree (n) of epoxy ethane (EO) were synthesized. Surface physicochemical properties of these products were measured. The results showed that surface tension (δ) varied from 34.4×10-5 to 40.5×10-5 (N/cm), critical micelle concentration (CMC) from 26-65(mmoL/L), lime soap dispersing power (LSDP) from 4.2% to 17.5%, emulsifying power (EP, with turpentine) from 58 s to 184 s, cloud point from 38℃ to 75℃. The (relations) between surface physicochemical properties of the products and polymerization degree of EO were first studied systematically. With the increase of n of EO, the surface activity was increased firstly, then towards stable or dropped a little, the application properties, such as EP, CP and LSDP, were improved with increasing of n, and reached balance where n equaled to 10. Related Articles | Metrics

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PREPARATION OF MAGNETIC NANOMETER SOLID SUPERACID AND SYNTHESIS OF ROSIN GLYCERIDE JIA Qing-ming;WANG Ya-ming;SHAN Shao-yun 2004, 24 (S1):  65-68.  Abstract ( 588 )   PDF (656KB) ( 697 )   Save The magnetic nanometer solid superacid SO42-/TiO2-Fe3O4 was prepared by sol-gel method, and its catalytic activity on reaction between rosin acid and glycerol was examined under different preparing conditions. Thus, ratio of Ti and Fe (30:1), soaking the magnetic nanometer powder in 1.5 mol/L H2SO4 and calcining at 450℃ for 3 h were the optimum preparing conditions. The structure of the catalyst was characterized by IR and TEM. Acid intensity of this catalyst was measured by improved Hammett indicator method. Related Articles | Metrics

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RESEARCH ON BROMO-SUBSTITUTION OF HYDROXYL GROUP OF FARNESOL SUN Zhen;ZHAO Zhen-dong;LI Dong-mei;LIU Xian-zhang 2004, 24 (S1):  69-72.  Abstract ( 756 )   PDF (539KB) ( 1209 )   Save In this paper, farnesyl bromide is successfully synthesized by using the highly efficient halide-replacement reagent Ph3PBr2 prepared in the lab, and the content of the bromide is analyzed with a chemical analytical method. Typical reaction conditions are: room temperature and 3 h in benzene as a solvent. Since Ph3PBr2 is easy to be decomposed in the presence of water, the solvent used in the reaction should be dried in advance. To get rid of HBr resulted during the bromo-substitution, pyridine was added to salt it out. The solution was distilled after the reaction was completed to remove the solvent, then hexane was added to resolve the bromide, and thus Ph3PO produced during the reaction could be removed. The reaction is easy to operate, with high yield, can be applied to other terpenols as well. Related Articles | Metrics

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MICROWAVE-ASSISTED EXTRACTION OF ARABINOGALACTAN FROM LARIX GMELINII R.WOOD FANG Gui-zhen;HUANG Zhan-hua;LIU Bao-liang 2004, 24 (S1):  73-76.  Abstract ( 656 )   PDF (647KB) ( 670 )   Save Arabinogalactan was extracted from processing residue of Larix gmelinii Rupr. wood as raw material. Water was used as solvent, assisted by microwave irradiation. In the experiments, parameters affecting extraction of arabinogalactan, namely: microwave power, irradiation time, wood flour granularity, the ratio of liquid to material were analysed with orthogonal experiment of microwave-assisted extraction. The optimum parameters were obtained as follows: microwave power 210 W, irradiation time 35 min, ratio of liquid to material 1:35, wood flour granularity 0.2-0.3 mm. The extract yield of arabinogalactan was 17.47%, which was 1.6% higher than traditional water extraction, with time only 1/10 of the latter. The products obtained from both extraction methods were identical in chemical structure by IR analyses. The impurity content of raw arabinogalactan by microwave extraction was lower than that by traditional water extraction. The experiment results showed that microwave-assisted extraction is superior to traditional water extraction for extraction of arabinogalactan from Larix gmelinii R. wood. Related Articles | Metrics

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SURFACE PROPERTIES OF NORWAY SPRUCE RESIN SHEN Qing 2004, 24 (S1):  77-79.  Abstract ( 575 )   PDF (405KB) ( 744 )   Save Using the contact angle technique and a series of alkanes as probe liquids to wet the surface of Norway spruce resin (Picea abies L. Karst.), the critical surface tension of this resin was measured to be about 18.48 mN/m. Using Hamaker’s extrapolation method for critical surface tension, a good linear relationship was found by plotting Hamaker constant of the liquid with cos θ. This method was thus developed to obtain the unique critical Hamaker constant for this resin to be about 4.18×10-20 J. Related Articles | Metrics

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STUDY ON PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY OF ROSE ESSENTIAL OIL MA Xi-han;WANG Yong-hong;WEI Qin;ZHANG Guang-jun 2004, 24 (S1):  80-84.  Abstract ( 1112 )   PDF (1087KB) ( 2327 )   Save Factors influencing the yield of essential oil from the rose flowers are studied both by orthogonal and single factor’s analysis experiments. The processing technology for the production of essential oil is put forward. It has been found that the optimized technological parameters are: proportion of water to flowers 4:1; distilling time 4 h; distilling rate 10% of the volume of distilling vessel per hour;amount of flowers loaded 75% of the volume of distilling vessel;brine concentration 2.5% to which significantly increased the yield of rose oil. The order of the influencing significance of the parameters tested is: distilling time>distilling rate>ratio of flowers to water. To produce rose water, the ratio of distillate to water added is 2:1, distilling time 1 h. Related Articles | Metrics

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A FACILE ROUTE FOR TOTAL SYNTHESIS OF THE JUVENILE HORMONE ANALOGUE ZR-515 FROM CITRONELLAL ZHU Xin-hai;JIANG Huan-feng;TIAN Xing-shan;RAN Xue-guang 2004, 24 (S1):  85-89.  Abstract ( 624 )   PDF (792KB) ( 827 )   Save Dimethylundeca-3,9-dien-2-one was prepared from the starting material citronellal reacting with acetone via aldol condensation, followed by reacting with α-bromoethyl acetate in the presence of Zn through Reformatskii reaction to obtain target chain. After hydrolysis, esterification and etherification, the isomeric products, isopropy-11-methoxy-3,7,11-trimethy1-(2E,4E)-dodecadienoate, which possess juvenile hormone activity, were succeededly synthesized, in which the (2E,4E)-stereoisomer ZR-515, which showed considerably higher activity than other isomers, amounted to 56%. The structures of all compounds in each step were confirmed by 1H NMR、IR and MS. Related Articles | Metrics

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INTERLABORATORY COMPARISON OF PROFICIENCY TEST ——the Homogeneity Test of Tung Oil Sample YUAN Ai-ping;ZHAO Yong-feng 2004, 24 (S1):  90-92.  Abstract ( 628 )   PDF (563KB) ( 565 )   Save Taking tung oil sample as the objective, refractive index and content of free fatty acids were tested. The homogeneity of the sample was judged by the obtained data through F determination. The testing result showed that the homogencity test of tung oil sample can be used for the comparison test of interlaboratory proficiency. Related Articles | Metrics

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STUDY ON EXTRACTION OF RUTIN ASSISTED BY SURFACTANT GONG Sheng-zhao;CHENG Jiang;YANG Zhuo-ru 2004, 24 (S1):  93-96.  Abstract ( 663 )   PDF (517KB) ( 1100 )   Save Different surfactants were used as assistants to extract rutin from Flos sophorae,from which Tween 20 was confirmed as the best surfactant. The optimal technology is obtained as follows: extracting twice at 60℃ for 30 min,each time with a mass ratio of material to solvent, Tween 20 and borax by 100:700:0.75:0.5,adjusting the extracted liquor′s pH value to 2-3 with 15% hydrochloric acid,laying aside for 40 min to deposit completely followed by separating out the precipitate.Rutin product can be obtained at yield 17.5% and purity 92.5% after drying of the precipitate. Compared with traditional alkaline liquor extraction, the extraction assisted with Tween 20 has the advantages of decreased extracting time and depositing time,and increased yield. Related Articles | Metrics

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STUDY ON PREPARATION TECHNOLOGY OF ROSIN ESTER EMULSION LIAO Shi-zhen;LIANG Ru;CAO De-rong;CHEN Jiu-ji;DONG Shao-feng 2004, 24 (S1):  97-100.  Abstract ( 792 )   PDF (556KB) ( 1265 )   Save A new emulsifier (SX-1) for emulsifying rosin ester was prepared from rosin as origin material. SX-1 could easily emulsify rosin ester with co-emulsifier without organic solvent. The effects of the primary factors on the properties of rosin ester emulsion, such as the quantity and way of addition of SX-1, the kind of co-emulsifier, the processing conditions in the inversion process were investigated. Thus, an aqueous emulsion of rosin glyceride,the stability of which was over 6 months at room temperature, was prepared with 8%(mass part) SX-1, 50% (mass part) rosin glyceride and water. Related Articles | Metrics

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STUDY ON PURIFICATION AND CHEMICAL STRUCTURE OF POLYSACCHARIDES FROM DIOSCOREA FORDII NIE Ling-hong;NING Zheng-xiang 2004, 24 (S1):  101-106.  Abstract ( 654 )   PDF (1500KB) ( 794 )   Save Polysaccharides of Dioscorea fordii Prain et Burkill were extracted by hot water and alkali succeededly.The polysaccharide in the filtrate were precipitated by ethanol. The protein in the product were removed by means of trichloroacetic acid followed twice by Sevage method. The polysaccharide was decoloured by active carbon, then purified twice by Sephadex G-75 column chromatography to obtain the homogeneous polysaccharide DFPN-Ⅰand DFPA-Ⅰ, and their homogentity were examined with paper chromatography, polarimetry and molecular weight determination. The units of monosaccharides of DFPN-Ⅰ were identified by paper chromatography and gas chromatography to be mannose, glucose, galactose at ratio 1.26:1.00:2.87 after complete hydrolysis by acid. Similarly, the monosaccharides of DFPA-Ⅰ were identified to be mannose, glucose, galactose, galacturonic acid at ratio 2.18:1.00:3.39:1.82in combination with determination of content of uronic acid. Related Articles | Metrics

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AS -AQ PULPING OF EUCALYPTUS WOOD AND THE STRUCTURAL CHANGE OF LIGNIN DURING PULPING ZHOU Xue -fei 2004, 24 (S1):  107-110.  Abstract ( 619 )   PDF (595KB) ( 776 )   Save AS -AQ pulping of eucalyptus (Leizhou No.1) wood and the structural change of lignin during pulping were studied. It was found that the lignin in eucalyptus has guaiacyl-syringyl-p-hydroxylphenyl (G -S -H) structural characteristics. The ratio of S:G is 1.25:1. The Mw is 6 784,Mn is 5585.The guaiacyl groups in lignin was dissolved faster than syringyl groups in lignin during AS -AQ pulping.The sulfonation reaction and delignification rate of lignin in secondary walls(S) were slower than that in cell corner (CC) and compound middle lamella (CML) during AS -AQ pulping, so that residual lignin content in AS -AQ pulp was higher. Condenzation of lignin was occurred at the end of cooking, so that the permanganate number of pulp was raised and the brightness of pulp was reduced. Related Articles | Metrics

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STUDY ON DETERMINATION METHOD OF OLIGOMERIC PROANTHOCYANIDINS CONTENT IN EXTRACTS OF LARCH BARK YANG Lei;SU Wen-qiang;WANG Zhen-yang;YANG Dong-mei 2004, 24 (S1):  111-114.  Abstract ( 828 )   PDF (574KB) ( 1526 )   Save Two methods, namely: n-butyl alcohol-hydrochloric acid method and vanillin-hydrochloric acid method, were used to determine the oligomeric proanthocyanidins (OPC) content in larch bark extracts. The two methods were compared and analyzed according to the reaction principles. As a result, the vanillin-hydrochloric acid method was favourable to meet the strict requirement of quality control. Related Articles | Metrics

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DETERMINATION OF ALKALOIDS CONTENT IN PHELLODENDRON AM URENSE RUPR. BY HPLC QIN Yan-jie;ZHANG Yu-hong;WANG Yang;YAN Xiu-feng 2004, 24 (S1):  115-118.  Abstract ( 756 )   PDF (533KB) ( 1206 )   Save A simple, rapid and sensitive method for the determination of alkaloids content in Phellodendron amurense R. was established. Alkaloids was ultrasonically extracted with 63% alcohol at 41℃ for 64 min, and determined by high performance liquid chromatography. The alkaloids were separated on a KYA HIQ sil C18 column 250 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm, using acetonitrile-aqueous solution 3.4 g KH2PO4 and 1.7 g SDS in 1 000 mL H2O 1:1 as the mobile phase at flow rate 1.0 mL/min and detected at 345 nm. Contents of berberine, palmatine and jatrorrhizine in the root bark, stem bark and leaves of P. amurense R. were determined. The results showed that alkaloids contents in the root bark, stem bark and leaves were different. Contents of berberine and jatrorrhizine were higher in the root bark than in the stem bark, and they were the lowest in the leaves; while palmatine content was the highest in the stem bark, then in the root bark, and the lowest in the leaves too. Related Articles | Metrics

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STUDY ON APPLICATION OF A NOVEL PETROLEUM RESIN SIZING AGENT IN WOOD PULP CHU Fu-qiang QIU Hua-yu;XING Ren-wei;CHEN Fu-shan 2004, 24 (S1):  119-122.  Abstract ( 641 )   PDF (557KB) ( 530 )   Save The application of a novel petroleum resin sizing agent in the bleached sulfate wood pulp was studied.The factors such as the dosages of sizing agent,aluminum sulphate and pH value which could influence sizing efficiency were discussed in detail. The optimum sizing condition was as follows: pH value 6.2, aluminium sulfate 3%, sizing agent 2%, calcium carbonate 20% and 0.2% sizing assistant——cationic polyamide polyamino-expoxy chloropropane PAE with reversed sizing method. The experimental results indicated that petroleum resin sizes could be used as an effective sizing agent under the above mentioned optimum conditions. In addition, CaCO3 could be used as an additive under the above mentioned conditions, to improve the brightness and opacity of paper sheet obviously. Related Articles | Metrics

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DESORPTION CONDITION AND DESORPTION AMOUNT OF MICROCRYSTALLINE CELLULOSE(MCC)-ANTIBIOTIC COMPLEX WANG Fu-xiang;KOTELNIKOVA N E;HOU Yong-fa;ZAIKINA N D 2004, 24 (S1):  123-125.  Abstract ( 657 )   PDF (423KB) ( 508 )   Save Result of experiment shows: the adsorption amount of microcrystalline cellulose MCC for catapol antibiotic is related with catapol’s original concentrationC0. The higher C0 is, the more adsorption of MCC is. The adsorption amount of wood pulp MCC is higher than others. By imitating the physiological condition of human stomach intestine system digestive system, we studied the adsorption and desorption of different kinds of the complex MCC-catapol. The result shows that at pH value 2.0 equivalent to the condition in the stomach of human body, the desorption level arrived the max (63.1% -73.7%); at pH value 9.0 equivalent to the condition in the intestines of human body, the complex which desorbed at pH value 2.0 can still desorb continuously. Total desorption amounts of these two stages reach 70%-90%, which proved that the complex could be used as stomach-intestines medicament. Related Articles | Metrics

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SYNTHESIS OF MALEOPIMARIC ACID CATALYZED BY PHOSPHATO-MOLYBDIC ACID LE Zhi-ping;DAI Li-li;HUANG Yan-qiu 2004, 24 (S1):  126-128.  Abstract ( 748 )   PDF (414KB) ( 819 )   Save Maleopimaric acid can be synthesized by Diels-Alder reaction from rosin and maleic anhydride catalyzed by phosphato-molybdic acid. The effects of reaction parameters, such as catalytic amounts, temperature, times and rosin/maleic anhydride molar ratio, were investigated. Based on the experimental results, it is found that with mass part of catalyst 2.0%, toluene as solvent, reaction time 4 h and rosin/maleic anhydride molar ratio 1.7:1 the yield of 78.9% can be obtained. Related Articles | Metrics

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RESEARCH ON DETERMINATION OF 1,8-CINEOLE IN EUCALYPTUS OIL USING ACETOPHENONE AS INTERNAL STANDARD HUANG Cheng-yun 2004, 24 (S1):  129-131.  Abstract ( 619 )   PDF (460KB) ( 1216 )   Save The content of 1,8-cineole in eucalyptus oil was determined using cyclohexanone or acetophenone as internal standard. Results showed that acetophenone was a good internal standard with low toxicity. The standard deviation was 0.27 and coefficient of variation was 0.33%. Related Articles | Metrics

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PROGRESS ON RESEARCH OF NATURAL ROSEMARY ANTIOXIDANT LIU Xian-zhang;ZHAO Zhen-dong;BI Liang-wu;HUANG Jin-long;XU Peng-xiang 2004, 24 (S1):  132-138.  Abstract ( 1050 )   PDF (695KB) ( 3254 )   Save Rosemary (Rosmarius officinalis L.), a plant of the family Labiatae, has been planted largely in south region of China. The essential oil of rosemary is a traditional natural perfume. The rosemary extract obtained from the residue after the removal of essential oil is a natural antioxidant that has a good antioxidative activity. Domestic and foreign researches on cultivation of rosemary, main chemical compositions of the extract, manufacture process of rosemary extract, utilization of rosemary extract as antioxidant in fats, oils, and foods were reviewed comprehensively. The prospect of the potential application of rosemary extract in other fields, particularly in the pharmaceutical industry, was discussed. Related Articles | Metrics