Table of Content

25 June 2019, Volume 39 Issue 3 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Research Progress of Reaction Path and Catalysts Used in Catalytic Conversion Process of Biomass to Methane Chiliu CAI,Changhui ZHU,Haiyong WANG,Chenguang WANG,Qiying LIU,Longlong MA 2019, 39 (3):  1-9.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-2417.2019.03.001 Abstract ( 932 )   HTML ( 1735 )   PDF (1015KB) ( 774 )   Save Methane is the hydrocarbon with highest hydrogen-carbon ratio, and is a kind of clean energy with high combustion calorific value as well. During the preparation of methane from biomass, biomass fermentation and biomass syngas fermentation are limited by the temperature sensitivity of active bacteria. This paper introduces the research progress of reaction mechanism and corresponding catalyst system of biomass synthesis gas to methane by chemical catalysts. The reaction mechanism of CO methanation and CO2 methanation in syngas, as well as the effects of active ingredients, supports and promoters in catalysts on methanation are mainly discussed. At the same time, the catalytic hydrothermal method of biomass with mild reaction conditions is also introduced. The reaction route and research progress in recent years are briefly described. Finally, methanation reaction mechanism and efficient, stable catalysts are perspective remarked from the technical point of view. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress of Forestry Biomass-based Film Preservatives of Fruit and Vegetable Jiali XU,Haibo ZHANG,Shufeng YAO,Hong GAO,Shibin SHANG 2019, 39 (3):  10-16.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-2417.2019.03.002 Abstract ( 673 )   HTML ( 22 )   PDF (740KB) ( 736 )   Save Fruits and vegetables preservation is particularly important, since they are extremely perishable and have short shelf life. At present, the commonly used methods are cryopreservation and preservative treatment. Film preservation has attracted much interest due to its low cost and good effect. However, common chemical preservatives such as dibromotetrachloroethane and triazoles have certain harm against human health. Forestry biomass resources are environment-friendly and sustainable, so the preserving agent formulated with some forestry biomass has been widely applied. The applications of polysaccharides, shellac, rosin and other forestry biomass in fresh-keeping coating preservation of fruits and vegetables are summarized in this paper. The methods of coating film are discussed, and the prospects for the future development of the preservation of modified biomass-based coating film are proposed. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Recent Advances in Ultrasonic Treatment of Waste Paper Fibers Shuang SHI,Fang HU,Zechao MIAO,Hetian CAI,Dezhao LI 2019, 39 (3):  17-24.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-2417.2019.03.003 Abstract ( 642 )   HTML ( 9 )   PDF (543KB) ( 497 )   Save Ultrasound treatment of waste paper fibers enlarges the applicable fields of this kind of fibrous material. This paper reviewed the applications of ultrasonic treatment of waste paper fibers in improving the properties of recycled paper, intensifying the production of fermentable sugar and ethanol, assisting the preparation of cellulose nanofibers, and enhancing the durability of cement building materials. The influence factors of ultrasonic treatment such as power and frequency of ultrasonic, action time of ultrasonic, temperature and suspended sediment concentration were analyzed, and the influence of ultrasonic treatment on the crystalline property, chemical structure and reaction accessibility of cellulose were summarized. Finally, the existing problems were analyzed and the future research and development direction were prospected. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Preparation and Characterization of Long-chain Silanes Modified Poplar Wood Fiber Hongliang MA,Jian CHEN,Jian JIAO,Yongjun DENG,Zhenwu KONG,Guigan FANG 2019, 39 (3):  25-33.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-2417.2019.03.004 Abstract ( 592 )   HTML ( 5 )   PDF (4646KB) ( 635 )   Save Three kinds of modified poplar wood fibers(PWF) named hexadecyltrimethoxysilane(HDS) impregnated modified poplar fiber(HPWF), 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluorodecyltrimethoxysilane(FDS) impregnated modified poplar fiber(FPWF1) and FDS spray modified poplar fiber(FPWF2) were obtained by respectively using HDS and FDS as modifiers and ethanol-water solution as dispersing media by impregnation and spray methods. The effects of solvent ratios, dosage of silanes, hydrolysis temperature and time of silanes, reaction temperature and time on the surface modification of PWF were studied. The chemical structures and surface properties of unmodified and modified PWF were investigated by Fourier transform infrared(FT-IR) spectroscopy, contact angle measurement, X-ray diffraction(XRD), X-ray energy dispersive spectrometer(EDS) and scanning electron microscope(SEM). HPWF was treated with HDS(hydrolyzed at 60℃ for 1 h) at 60℃ for 1 h in ethanol/water solution. The results showed that when the molar ratio of HDS to active hydroxyl of PWF was 0.4:1 with ethanol mass fraction of 60%, the surface contact angle of HPWF was up to 139°; when the molar ratio of FDS to active hydroxyl of PWF was 0.16:1 with ethanol mass fraction of 50%, the surface contact angle of FPWF1 was up to 141°. Specially, the surface contact angle of FPWF2 was up to 138° when the fiber was wetted at the molar ratio of FDS to active hydroxyl of PWF 0.008:1, and then activated at 120℃ for 1.5 h. Compared with the impregnation method, the spray method had the advantages of small dosage of silane, simple process, cleanliness and high efficiency. In addition, the modified fibers had the properties of higher crystallinity(from 62.1% to 67.7%-69.7%), rougher surface, bigger specific surface area, lower surface polarity, and higher hydrophobicity, which were conducive to improving the interfacial compatibility and bonding with hydrophobic resin matrix. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Synergistic Effect of Co-pyrolysis of Biomass and Plastics Shiqi LIU,Suping ZHANG,Taili YU,Qinjie CAI 2019, 39 (3):  34-42.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-2417.2019.03.005 Abstract ( 1090 )   HTML ( 729 )   PDF (2712KB) ( 901 )   Save The co-pyrolysis activities of sawdust/low-density polyethylene(LDPE) were studied in fixed-bed reactor. The effect of temperature on the co-pyrolysis behavior was also investigated by comparing with sawdust and LDPE individually. The results showed that the bio-oil yield could be effectively improved by the co-pyrolysis process, the maximum bio-oil yield(56.84%) was obtained at 600℃, which was 6.44 percentage point higher than the theoretical value. The composition of biomass and LDPE co-pyrolysis liquid products was analyzed by GC-MS. It was found that the bio-oil components produced by co-pyrolysis were mainly aliphatic hydrocarbons, alcohols and phenols. Some specific components, such as undecanol, heptenal and other oxygen-containing long-chain compounds, were also produced during the co-pyrolysis process, which was the product of free radical interaction between biomass and LDPE. The synergistic effect of co-pyrolysis of sawdust and LDPE was studied by thermogravimetry-infrared spectroscopy. The results showed that the maximum reaction rate temperature during co-pyrolysis was 490℃, which was about 22℃ lower than 512℃, which was the temperature of maximum reaction rate in LDPE individual pyrolysis. The hydroxyl radical generated during the lignin cracking process combining with the small molecular produced by the cleavage of LDPE formed undecanol, octyl-phenol and the like, and the furans and aldehydes formed during the pyrolysis of cellulose were reacted with the resulting CnHm formed by cleavage of LDPE to obtain the substances such as 2-butyltetrahydrofuran, heptenal, dodecanal or the like. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Synthesis and Biological Activity of Isopimaric Furfural Acylhydrazone Derivatives Yanju LU,Zhendong ZHAO,Jing WANG,Shichao XU,Liangwu BI,Yuxiang CHEN 2019, 39 (3):  43-48.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-2417.2019.03.006 Abstract ( 565 )   HTML ( 8 )   PDF (533KB) ( 692 )   Save Hydrazine of isopimaric acid was synthesized by first chlorination then reaction with hydrazine hydrate using isopimaric acid as raw material. A series of novel isopimaric furfural acylhydrazone derivatives such as isopimaric acid 2-furaldehyde acylhydrazone(4a), isopimaric acid(5-methyl-2-furancarboxaldehyde) acylhydrazone(4b), isopimaric acid(5-hydroxymethylfurfural) acylhydrazone(4c), isopimaric acid(5-bromo-2-furaldehyde) acylhydrazone(4d) and isopimaric acid(5-hydroxymethylfurfural) acylhydrazone(4c), isopimaric acid(5-(4-bromopheny) furfural) acylhydrazone(4e) were synthesized by the condensation reactions of furfural with different substituent and intermediate hydrazine of isopimaric acid. The structures of isopimaric furfural acylhydrazone derivatives were characterized and indentified by FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and MS. The results showed that most of the target compounds exhibited a certain fungicidal activity on Streptococcus pneumoniae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus epidermidisand and S. aureus, in which the minimal inhibitory concentration(MIC) of 4a against Klebsiella pneumoniae is 1.95 mg/L; the minimal inhibitory concentration(MIC) of 4c against Streptococcus pneumoniae is 0.98 mg/L. Compound 4d had inhibition rate of 75.17%, 82.33%, 78.52% and 80.97% against hepatocarcinoma cells(Hep G2), breast cancer cells(MDA-MB-231), prostate cancer(PC-3), and cervical cancer(Hela) at the concentration of 100 μmol/L; Compound 4e had inhibition rate of 93.68% against Hep G2 at the concentration of 100 μmol/L, indicating that compound 4e had a strong inhibitory activity on human hepatoma cells. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Preparation of Methyl Lactate from Glucose Using SnO2-Pt/γ-Al2O3 Catalyst Zhen WANG,Yuanbo HUANG,Yunwu ZHENG,Jida WANG,Zhifeng ZHENG 2019, 39 (3):  49-56.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-2417.2019.03.007 Abstract ( 697 )   HTML ( 129 )   PDF (2292KB) ( 822 )   Save SnO2-Pt/γ-Al2O3 catalysts were prepared by impregnation method using γ-Al2O3 as supporter. The effects of reaction parameters, including reaction temperature, reaction time and amount of catalyst, on the catalytic conversion of glucose to methyl lactate(MLA) were investigated. The reusability of the catalysts and the scale-up experiments were also explored. SnO2-Pt/γ-Al2O3 catalysts were characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS), X-ray diffraction(XRD), nitrogen adsorption-desorption, temperature programmed desorption(NH3-TPD). The results showed that the metal Pt and SnO2 were uniformly dispersed on the γ-Al2O3 supporter. The catalyst system had the distribution of B and L acid sites at the same time. The surface area was 117.08 m2/g, the pore volume was 0.23 cm3/g, and the average pore diameter was 6.54 nm. SnO2-Pt/γ-Al2O3 exhibited high catalytic activity with the conversion of 92.63% for glucose and the selectivity of 20.08% for glucose 1 g, methyl lactate when the catalyst dosage 10%, the ratio of glucose to methanol 1:10(g:mL), the reaction temperature 220℃ and the reaction time 10 h. The catalyst exhibited good reusability and amplification stability. The conversion of glucose and selectivity of methyl lactate were 88.43% and 19.27% after reusing for three times, 86.27% and 18.71% respectively when the dosage of materials increased 10 times. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Preparation and Characterization of Ni-P/rGO Composite Catalysts and Their Hydrogenation Properties of Rosin Chen SHEN,Yaming WANG,Lihong JIANG,Yan'e ZHENG,Shuangshuang SONG,Qian LAI 2019, 39 (3):  57-64.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-2417.2019.03.008 Abstract ( 658 )   HTML ( 195 )   PDF (3221KB) ( 786 )   Save The graphene oxide(GO) dispersion was prepared by the modified Hummer's method using flake graphite as raw material. The amorphous Ni-P/rGO composite catalyst was prepared by chemical reduction method, and the rosin hydrogenation was used as the probe reaction to study the effects of catalyst preparation conditions on the catalytic performance. And the process conditions of rosin hydrogenation were further optimized by orthogonal test. The results showed that the optimum preparation conditions were the mass ratio of Ni element to GO 6:1, the pH value of the solution 11, the ratio of n(P)/n(Ni) 5:1, the temperature 70℃, and the reaction time 4.5 h. The catalyst had a high activity for hydrogenation of rosin under the suitable hydrogenation conditions of 5% catalyst, reaction temperature 200℃ and reaction pressure 4.5 MPa. The conversion of abietic-type resin acid was 99.37%, and the reproducibility was good. The catalyst could maintain high catalytic activity after 7 times repeated using. X-ray diffraction(XRD), transmission electron microscopy(TEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) characterization showed that the amorphous Ni-P/rGO composite catalyst was successfully prepared, and the Ni-P particles without rGO had larger particle size and poor dispersity. The Ni0 content in the composite catalyst decreased relatively after 7 times of use, and the loss of active components caused a slight decrease in catalysis. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Preparation and Properties of Waterborne Epoxy Curing Agents Based on Castor Oil Xiaohua YANG,Jinhua ZHU,Yan ZHANG,Shouhai LI,Mei LI 2019, 39 (3):  65-71.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-2417.2019.03.009 Abstract ( 807 )   HTML ( 386 )   PDF (606KB) ( 630 )   Save The adducts MDI-RA were firstly synthesized from liquified diphenylmethane diisocyanate(MDI) and ricinoleic acid(RA). Then esterification reaction between ethylene diglycidyl ether and MDI-RA was carried out for the preparation of the castor oil based epoxy active intermediates(RAE). Finally, the chain reaction of RAE with diethylenetriamine(DETA) and glycidol was performed to obtained the waterborne epoxy curing agents based on castor oil. By this way, two kinds of target products(RAWCA-1 and RAWCA-2)were obtained from feeding ratio of the n(MDI):n(RA) of 1:3 and 1:4, respectively. The chemical structures of the intermediates and the target products were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance(1H NMR) and gel permeation chromatography(GPC). The results showed that the structure parameters of target products were basically agreed with the designed molecular structure and the Mn and Mw of target products were 1 832 g/mol and 1 983 g/mol. The property study showed that the target products could emulsify liquid epoxy resin E-51. The properties of the two-component film obtained from the curing reaction of RAWCA-1 and liquid epoxy resin E-51 were as follows:flexibility 1 mm, pencil hardness 3H, impact resistance 50 kg/cm, good water resistance, which could meet a requirement with commercial waterborne epoxy curing agent products. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Preparative Resolution and Stereochemical Composition of Aleuritic Acid Optical Isomers Kun LI,Wenwen ZHANG,Kai LI,Juan XU,Jinju MA,Lanxiang LIU,Hong ZHANG 2019, 39 (3):  72-78.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-2417.2019.03.010 Abstract ( 531 )   HTML ( 11 )   PDF (649KB) ( 500 )   Save Based on the established detection method for chiral resolution of aleuritic acid by HPLC-ELSD, the resolution condition of stereoisomerism of aleuritic acid was established by supercritical fluid chromatography(SFC) method and the optimum conditions were as follows:CHIRALPAK AY-H(25 cm×3.0 cm, 5 μm)column, carbon dioxide-alcohol(70:30, volume ratio) as the mobile phase, the flow rate 70 mL/min, column temperature 35℃, detection wavelength 208 nm, sample injection concentration 77.78 g/L, injection volume 3 mL each time. Two compounds(A and B) were prepared by above SFC method. The result indicated that A and B were stereoisomers of aleuritic acid by characterization of FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, DSC, TG and XRD as well as by comparison with the authentic samples. Furthermore, A and B compounds were confirmed as enantiomers of aleuritic acid by specific rotation and vibrational circular dichroism(VCD) spectra. According to melting point of synthetic threo and erythro aleuritic acid previously reported, the stereochemical compositions of aleuritic acid extracted by strong alkali saponification process from lac resin were a couple of enantiomers with threo configuration and possibly composed by 9R, 10R, 16-trihydroxyhexadecanoic acid and 9S, 10S, 16-trihydroxyhexadecanoic acid. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Solvatochromism of D-A Structure Compounds with Triarylamine Guanni TAN,Hong GAO,Jie SONG,Shibin SHANG,Zhanqian SONG 2019, 39 (3):  79-86.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-2417.2019.03.011 Abstract ( 701 )   HTML ( 109 )   PDF (1061KB) ( 598 )   Save The fluorescence emission spectra and UV absorption spectra of three series compounds with D-A structure in five different polar solvents were studied, and the solvatochromism of compounds were also disussed. The results showed that all compounds had different fluorescence emission wavelengths in five different polar solvents, the largest was that in methanol and the smallest was that in cyclohexane, but in dioxane, tetrahydrofuran and dichloromethane, the emission wavelengths occurred red-shifted with the decrease of polarity of the solvent, and the fluorescence intensities varied in different polar solvents. The UV absorption wavelengths of compounds were affected by the polarities of solvents, they all had the minimum absorption wavelength in methanol. The absorbance of compounds in different polar solvents were also different, and those in methanol and cyclohexane were higher than others. All the properties above indicated that these three series of compounds had potential to be used as fluorescent probes to detect the polarity of the environment. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of Hybrid Flame Retardant on Properties of Formaldehyde-free Ultra-low Density Fiberboard Manjun ZHAN,Zhilin CHEN,Fuxiang CHU 2019, 39 (3):  87-93.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-2417.2019.03.012 Abstract ( 432 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (9026KB) ( 388 )   Save Formaldehyde-free ultra-low density fiberboards(NUDF) were prepared by P-N-B hybrid flame retardants and isocyanate(PMDI) adhesive. The effects of P-N-B flame retardant addition on the physicochemical properties, formaldehyde emission, and flame retardant performance of NUDF were investigated. The results showed that the physico-mechanical property and formaldehyde emission of NUDF gradually declined with the increase of P-N-B flame retardants amount(0-8%). However, the flammability of NUDF significantly decreased, the oxygen index increased, total heat release decreased, and carbonization phenomenon of UNDF was obvious. The NUDF displayed optimized performance as the flame retardant addition reached 6%. Specifically, the internal bonding strength(IB), modulus of rupture(MOR), the thickness expansion rate of water absorption for 24 h(24 h TS), formaldehyde release and combustion length was 0.41 MPa, 14.5 MPa, 8.1%, 2.0 μg/g and 80 mm, respectively. The oxygen index was 32.5% and total heat release of 600 s was 12 MJ/m2. The flame retardant and smoke production performance of NUDF met the B1-C and S1 grade of GB 8624-2012 standard, respectively. The NUDF had excellent mechanical properties, environmentally friendly performance, and good flame retardant properties. The results of cone calorimetry showed that with the increase of flame retardant addition, the total heat release of combustion process decreased, the total smoke production increased, the yield of CO increased and the yield of CO2 decreased. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Graphitization of Biomass Catalyzed by Ni Chao CHEN,Ao WANG,Kang SUN,Xincheng LU,Wei XU,Jianchun JIANG 2019, 39 (3):  94-100.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-2417.2019.03.013 Abstract ( 698 )   HTML ( 27 )   PDF (10401KB) ( 561 )   Save Cellulose, lignin, fir sawdust and walnut shell were used as the start materials. Graphitization procedure after carbonization was carried out at 1 400℃ with the assistant of Ni. X-ray diffraction(XRD), Raman spectra and high resolution transparent electron microscopy(HRTEM) were used to evaluate the results of graphitization. The results showed that cellulose played a important role during the graphitization of biomass. Under the same treat progress, cellulose based product had the highest graphitic degree while lignin had the lowest graphitic degree, and both fir sawdust and walnut shell had the graphitic degree between those of the cellulose and lignin. The obvious difference of graphitic degree might be caused by the difference of the structures of different materials. The conductivity of cellulose based product was measured to be 54 S/cm while that of lignin based product was 31 S/cm, corresponding to the graphitic degree. The graphitic degree of the cellulose/lignin mixture based product was between those of the cellulose and lignin, and the mass ratio had little effect on the graphitic degree. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Preparation of High-efficient Tung Oil Drier and Its Drying Performance Yun YU,Ningning YANG,Bin HUANG,Yan YANG,Youwei LIAO 2019, 39 (3):  101-107.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-2417.2019.03.014 Abstract ( 1694 )   HTML ( 195 )   PDF (1306KB) ( 584 )   Save The effects of four kinds of driers, namely rare earth isooctanoate(REI), cobalt isooctanoate(CI), high-efficient drier M2203 and CQ-150B alone or in combination on the drying performance of tung oil and polymerized tung oil were investigated. The experimental results showed that the viscosity of polymerized tung oil at 10℃ was 15 520 mPa·s and higher than that of tung oil(160 mPa·s). The drying time of polymerized tung oil at 20℃ was 72 h and shorter than that of tung oil(168 h). When 0.6% of REI was used together with 0.010% of CI, the surface drying time and hard drying time of raw tung oil were 2 and 2.5 h, respectively, the hardness grade was 4 H, and the adhesion grade was 1; the surface drying time and hard drying time of polymerized tung oil were 0.67 and 1 h, hardness grade was 5 H, adhesion was grade 1. Compared with the high-efficient drier M2203 and CQ-150B drier, the composite drier had light color and good compatibility with tung oil. FI-IR and TGA analysis showed that the tung oil paint film prepared by drying with compound drier had high cross-linking degree and good heat stability. So the compound drier was proved to be an excellent tung oil drier. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Extraction of Cinnamomum camphora Essential Oil by Steam Distillation and Its Antifungal Activity Hongfu ZHENG,Shengliang LIAO,Guorong FAN,Zongde WANG,Shangxing CHEN,Hongyan SI 2019, 39 (3):  108-114.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-2417.2019.03.015 Abstract ( 1019 )   HTML ( 293 )   PDF (591KB) ( 725 )   Save In order to investigate the optimal extraction process of Cinnamomum camphora essential oil by steam distillation under laboratory conditions, several factors are investigated by single factor experiments. The results show that the extraction yield of essential oil of the C. camphora leaves is higher than that of branches. The effect of over-water distillation method is better than that of in-water distillation. The optimal distillation power is 600 W, the optimal distillation time is 40 min, and the appropriate post-harvest storage time is less than 48 h. The extraction yield of essential oil under these conditions is 1.42%. The chemical composition of C. camphora essential oil is analyzed by gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer. Six compounds are identified, which account for 94.56% of the total peak area, the main component is linalool, it accounts for 89.58% of the total peak area. The antifungal activities of C. camphora essential oil against six plant pathogenic fungi are tested through determining the growth rate of fungal hyphae. The results show that C. camphora essential oil exhibits good antifungal activity against Rhizoctonia solani, when the testing mass concentration of C. camphora essential oil are 500, 250 and 125 mg/L, the inhibition rates are 100%, 90.88% and 67.94%, respectively. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Component and Antibacterial Activity of Different Polar Parts of Cinnamon and Homologous Root Bark Zuohui ZHANG,Xinyi QIAN,Guangzhi HUANG,Liangwu BI 2019, 39 (3):  115-122.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-2417.2019.03.016 Abstract ( 849 )   HTML ( 165 )   PDF (1206KB) ( 614 )   Save The petroleum ether part, ethyl acetate part, n-butanol part and water part of cinnamon and root bark were obtained by reflux extraction with 80% ethanol and systematic solvent method, using cinnamon and its homologous root bark as raw materials. Their antibacterial activities against three common pathogens(Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) were evaluated by the filter paper method. The results indicated that the qualities, the types and contents of components of each polar parts extracted from cinnamon and root bark of the same quality were different. The contents of the main components of the two petroleum ether parts were similar, but the contents of trans-cinnamaldehyde and o-methoxycinnamaldehyde, were quite different. Flavonoids, saponins and polysaccharide were found respectively in the two ethyl acetate parts, n-butanol parts and water parts. Moreover, o-methoxy cinnamaldehyde and cinnamyl acetate were found in ethyl acetate part, D-galactose was found in water part of root bark. The petroleum ether part of cinnamon, petroleum ether part and ethyl acetate part of root bark had a certain degree of antibacterial activity against E. coli, S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. When the mass concentrations of these three parts were 500 g/L, the diameters of bacteriostasis circles for S. aureus, E. coli and P. aeruginosa were larger than(17.62±0.22), (25.21±2.09) and(12.82±0.30) mm, respectively. Ethyl acetate part of cinnamon had weaker antibacterial activity, n-butanol part and water part of both cinnamon and root bark had no antibacterial activity. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Preparation, Antibacterial Activity and Preservation of Lacquer Wax Composite Coating Preservative Xingying XUE,Hao ZHOU,Changwei ZHANG,Hongxia CHEN,Chengzhang WANG 2019, 39 (3):  123-128.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-2417.2019.03.017 Abstract ( 508 )   HTML ( 8 )   PDF (2032KB) ( 533 )   Save Lacquer wax composite coating preservatives were made by adding different amounts of lacquer wax into 12% bleached shellac and used for the preservation of ponkan, and the antibacterial test of the preservatives was carried out as well. By investigating the stability of coating film, the optimized preparation conditions of lacquer wax composite coating wax were as follows:12.0% shellac, 1%-3% lacquer wax, stirring speed of 900 r/min, and dispersing time of 15 min. The results of antibacterial test showed that the antibacterial effects of the composite coating film on Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus epidermidis were the best under the conditions of the amount of lacquer wax 2%, and the inhibitory rates were 24.3%, 26.5% and 25.2%, respectively, which were higher than those of the shellac coating(the inhibition rates increased by 40.5%, 62.6% and 62.6%, respectively). The composite coating film displayed obvious preservation effects on the ponkan and effectively prolonged the preservation period. After storage for 20 days at room temperature, the rot rate of the samples treated by composite coating was only 1.0%. When the treated ponkan were stored for 60 d, the rot rate of treated samples was 10.0%, compared with the blank control(38.4%) and shellac coating samples(18.6%), the rot rate was lower by 28.4 and 8.6 percent point, respectively(P < 0.01). Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics