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    25 February 2020, Volume 40 Issue 1 Previous Issue   
    Production of Fumaric Acid from Lignocellulose by Rhizopus oryzae
    Xin LI,Qiang YONG
    2020, 40 (1):  1-7.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-2417.2020.01.001
    Abstract ( 732 )   HTML ( 10297833 )   PDF (730KB) ( 686 )   Save

    Lignocellulosic resource, derived from agricultural and forestry residues in China, is an abundant, cheap and renewable feedstock from which can be bioconverted to bio-based chemicals such as fumaric acid. Production of bio-based chemicals from lignocellulose owes important social, environmental and economic benefits. Fumaric acid, an important platform chemical, has been widely used in the areas of materials, food, medicine, chemical engineering, etc. Rhizopus oryzae, is used as the main producer of fumaric acid and requires a little nutrients for growth.This review discussed production of fumaric acid from lignocellulose by Rhizopus oryzae, focusing on metabolic pathway of glucose and xylose, lignocellulosic feedstocks, fermentation strategies, co-production of multiple products. The emerging technologies and methods will improve large-scale production of fumaric acid from lignocellulose by Rhizopus oryzae.

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    Research Progress on Bamboo-based Supercapacitor Electrode Material
    Zunqiang HAN,Jianxiong XING,Xiaojuan YU,Haiyan YANG,Weitao XU,Kun WANG
    2020, 40 (1):  8-16.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-2417.2020.01.002
    Abstract ( 786 )   HTML ( 1094489351 )   PDF (14084KB) ( 902 )   Save

    In this paper, the principle, preparation and influencing factors of bamboo-based supercapacitor materials are mainly introduced, as well as the research progress in the structural design and technical studies. Comparing to the single activated bamboo-carbon, bamboo-based carbon composites, taking bamboo-carbon as the template for the growth/fitting of pseudo-capacitance materials, are emphatically discussed. The redox reaction at the interface between the pseudo-capacitance material and the electrolyte results in the additional pseudo-capacitance, significantly improving the electrical performance of bamboo-based carbon materials and then extending the area of its applications. Finally, the perspective of the abundant bamboo resources in the field of supercapacitors is prospected, basing on the summary of current research progress and facing problems.

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    Directional Conversion of Hemicellulose into Furfural via Sulfate Catalysts in the Gamma-valerolactone/Water Compound Solvent
    Chao LIU,Linshan WEI,Xiaoyan YIN,Min WEI,Jianchun JIANG,Kui WANG
    2020, 40 (1):  17-24.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-2417.2020.01.003
    Abstract ( 636 )   HTML ( 46145536 )   PDF (1669KB) ( 749 )   Save

    Furfural was prepared from hemicelluloses and lignocellulosic biomass in the presence of the γ-valerolactone/water solvent system with low cost sulfate as catalyst. The yield of furfural could be obtained as high as 50.2%, accompanying with 95.5% of hemicellulose conversion. Furthermore, furfural also could be prepared from real lignocellulosic biomass corncob and bamboo meal in the above catalytic system with the yield of 39.5% and 29.7%, respectively. In this case, corncob and bamboo meal conversion could be 86.5% and 80.50%.

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    Determination of Magnolol Based on Ru(bpy)32+-doped Silica/Urushiol Electrochemiluminescence Sensor
    Lei ZENG,Yu CAO,Fuhou LEI,Bo'an SHI
    2020, 40 (1):  25-30.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-2417.2020.01.004
    Abstract ( 364 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (1565KB) ( 539 )   Save

    An electrochemiluminescence (ECL) sensor for magnolol was developed based on tris(2, 2-bipyridyl)ruthenium (Ⅱ) (Ru(bpy)32+)-doped silica (RuDS)-urushiol composits film modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE).The ECL analytical performances of this ECL sensor for magnolol based on its enhancement ECL emission of Ru(bpy)32+ were investigated. The experimental parameters influencing the ECL intensity were studied. The analytical approach based on the system was developed under the optimum condition. The enhanced ECL intensity was linear with the magnolol concentration in the range of 8×10-8-8×10-5 g/L. The detection limit was 3.7×10-8 g/L and the relative standard deviation was 3.5% for 8 μg/L magnolol(n=8). The good recoveries of melamine in the range of 99.8%-103% were obtained in synthetic magnolol mixture samples, which showed that the ECL sensor exhibited excellent repeatability and stability.

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    Poly (Lactic Acid) Composite Strengthened with Long-chain Amidated Nanocellulose
    Tingfang SONG,Yongxian MAI,Xiuzhi TIAN,Haibo DENG,Xue JIANG
    2020, 40 (1):  31-36.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-2417.2020.01.005
    Abstract ( 514 )   HTML ( 6826624 )   PDF (648KB) ( 728 )   Save

    Nano-cellulose (NCC) was used as raw material to prepare oxidized nanocellulose (TONC) by TEMPO reagent, and then TONC reacted with fatty amines that had different chain lengths under the action of catalyst to obtain fatty amine modified nanocellulose, which were prepared from octadecylamine (OCA) and named as DOATONC, TEATONC, HEATONC and OCATONC prepared from dodecylamine (DOA), tetradecylamine (TEA), hexadecylamine (HEA), respectively. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and elemental analysis showed that the aliphatic chain was successfully grafted, and the crystal form. of the modified nanocellulose did not change, which was the original type I crystal form. The angular and dispersibility tests showed that the hydrophilicity of the surface of the modified nanocellulose decreased significantly with the increase of the aliphatic chain length associated with the increment of contact angle from 65.8° to 93.9°. The dispersion decreased first and then increased, which was reflected by that the dispersion rate was 25.17% first fell to 11.97% and then rose to 71.71%. The composite membrane was prepared by adding 1% modified nanocellulose to polylactic acid (PLA). The mechanical properties test results showed that the mechanical properties of the composite membrane were significantly improved with the increase of fat chain, among which tensile strength and elongation at break of PLA/OCATONC composite membrane reached 40.2 MPa and 6.39%, respectively.

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    Monosaccharide Composition and Biological Activity of Polysaccharides from Pine Cones of Pinus pumila (Pall.) Regel
    Zijiang LI,Wei LIU,Lei WU,Dan WANG,Chuanling SI
    2020, 40 (1):  37-44.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-2417.2020.01.006
    Abstract ( 574 )   HTML ( 5 )   PDF (842KB) ( 680 )   Save

    The pine cones of Pinus pumila (Pall.)Regel were extracted by ethanol. From the resulted residues, the polysaccharides of P.pumila cones (PPCP) were obtained by hot water extraction, spray drying and alcohol precipitation processes. The content of the polysaccharides was determined by phenol sulfuric acid method. The monosaccharide composition analysis of the polysaccharide conducted by gas chromatography revealed that it was a heteropolysaccharide and consisted of L-arabinose, D-mannose, D-glucose and D-galactose in the molar ratio of 2.33:1.00:2.20:1.94, which indicated typical IR characteristics of polysaccharides. The antioxidant activity of polysaccharides was evaluated by DPPH free radical (DPPH·) scavenging capacity, ABTS free radical (·ABTS+) scavenging capacity and reducing capacity. The results showed that pine cones polysaccharides of P.pumila exhibited significant scavenging effects on DPPH·, ·ABTS+ and strong reducing power in a concentration-dependent manner. The maximum scavenging rate of polysaccharides against DPPH·and·ABTS+ were 39.63% and 39.63%, and the maximum reducing capacity was 0.78 at the concentration of 2.0 g/L. In addition, polysaccharides of P.pumila cones could stimulate RAW 264.7 macrophages to produce a large amount of NO, but had no effect on cell proliferation.

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    Pyrolysis Characteristics of Coconut Shell Based on TG-FTIR and Py-GC-MS Analysis
    Qiang CHEN,Yan WANG,Huamin ZHAI
    2020, 40 (1):  45-52.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-2417.2020.01.007
    Abstract ( 678 )   HTML ( 221 )   PDF (1207KB) ( 684 )   Save

    The thermogravimetric, pyrolysis behavior and pyrolytic products of coconut shells meal were analyzed by thermogravimetry-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(TG-FTIR) and pyrolysis-gas chromatography and mass spectrometry(Py-GC-MS). Three-dimensional infrared spectroscopy was used to detect the gas products in the pyrolysis process, based on the analysis of TG and DTG curves under N2/air atmosphere. The results showed that the maximum weight loss peak temperature(Tm) was 347.8℃, and the residual was 32.0%, CO2 was the main gas product under the N2 atmosphere. The solid residual was only 6.5%, and Tm was 282.1℃, and the released gas were CO2, CO, H2O and CH4, under the air atmosphere.Py-GC-MS results showed that phenolic compounds were the main products. There were 39 pyrolysis products, among which 12 kinds of products were phenolic compounds (GC content 40.0%) at the temperature 400℃. There were 56 pyrolysis products, among which 18 kinds of products were phenolic compounds (GC content 45.8%) at the temperature 700℃.

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    Synthesis and Antitumor Activities of Camphene Aldehyde O-Substituted Oximes
    Jing HUANG,Chenjing LIU,Jinyue LUO
    2020, 40 (1):  53-60.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-2417.2020.01.008
    Abstract ( 535 )   HTML ( 141314 )   PDF (564KB) ( 686 )   Save

    The unreported nine camphene aldehyde O-substituted oximes (2a-2i) were synthesized by nucleophilic substitution reaction using 2-(3, 3-dimethyl bicyclic[2.2.1]hept-2-ylidene)acetaldehyde oxime and halide as raw materials. They were 2-(3, 3-dimethyl bicyclic[2.2.1] hept-2-ylidene) acetaldehyde O-benzyloxime (2a), 2-(3, 3-dimethyl bicyclic[2.2.1] hept-2-ylidene) acetaldehyde O-butyloxime (2b), 2-(3, 3-dimethyl bicyclic[2.2.1] hept-2-ylidene) acetaldehyde O-(4-chlorobutyl)oxime (2c), 2-(3, 3-dimethyl bicyclic[2.2.1] hept-2-ylidene) acetaldehyde O-(3-bro minebenzyl) oxime (2d), 2-(3, 3-dimethyl bicyclic[2.2.1] hept-2-ylidene) acetaldehyde O-(4-tert-butyl benzyl) oxime (2e), 2-(3, 3-dimethyl bicyclic[2.2.1] hept-2-ylidene) acetaldehyde O-(4-chlorobenzyl) oxime (2f), 2-(3, 3-dimethyl bicyclic[2.2.1] hept-2-ylidene) acetaldehyde O-(4-cyanobenzyl) oxime (2g), 2-(3, 3-dimethyl bicyclic[2.2.1] hept-2-ylidene) acetaldehyde O-(2, 6-dichlorobenzyl) oxime (2h), 2-(3, 3-dimethyl bicyclic[2.2.1] hept-2-ylidene) acetaldehyde O-(ortho-fluorbenzyl) oxime (2i). These products were characterized by FT-IR, GC-MS, 1H NMR and 13C NMR. Taking 2a as an example, the effects of types of solvent, quantity of tetrabutylammonium bromide and benzyl chloride, reaction temperature and reaction time on reaction rate and yield of the product 2a were discussed. The optimum condition were obtained as follows:Methylbenzene as solvent, n(camphene aldoxime):n(benzyl chloride):n(tetrabutylammonium bromide)=1.0:1.8:0.08, the reaction temperature was 60℃, the reaction time was 20 h. Under these conditions, the yield of 2a was 84.1%. The inhibitory effects of compounds 2a-2i on HepG2 cells and MCF7 cells were studied by in vitro antitumor activity tests. The results showed that compound 2b had good inhibitory effect on HepG2 cells, and its IC50 value was 36.3 μmol/L. Compounds 2d, 2h and 2i had inhibitory effects on human MCF7 cells, especially compound 2h, with IC50 of 19.2 μmol/L.

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    Preparation of Graphene Modified Coconut Shell Activated Carbon Composite and Its Electrochemical Performance
    Yuxuan LIU,Dipan XUAN,Jiajia LI,Shuirong LI,Haiyong TANG,Zhifeng ZHENG
    2020, 40 (1):  61-67.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-2417.2020.01.009
    Abstract ( 695 )   HTML ( 45623302 )   PDF (2917KB) ( 915 )   Save

    Steam activated carbon (AC) was prepared by using coconut shell as raw material, followed by using hydrothermal method and ethanol and water as solvent to prepare capacitance super-capacitor (GAC1-GAC5) with the mass ratios of AC and graphene(GR) 90:0, 90:5, 90:54, 90:90 and 54:90. By nitrogen adsorption-desorption, XRD and SEM methods, the pore structure and surface morphology of activated carbon were characterized. Comparison of different composite capacitance ratio super-capacitor electrode material was analyzed by cyclic voltammetry(CV), galvanostatic charge-discharge(GCD) method. The experimental results showed that the specific surface area of coconut shell activated carbon was 2 482 m2/g, and its pore diameter was mainly distributed at 2-4 nm, with the pore volume as 1.33 cm3/g, specific capacitance was 85 F/g in 6 mol/L KOH electrolyte. Under the conditions of carbonization temperature of 800℃, activation temperature of 900℃ and activation time of 1.5 h, the addition of the graphite improved the composite material capacitance up to 186 F/g.

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    Preparation and Stability of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv.Seed Oil Liposomes
    Liang CHEN,Guiping ZHAN,Ying LU,Jiaxing LI,Ji YU,Chengjin MA,Maojun YAO
    2020, 40 (1):  68-76.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-2417.2020.01.010
    Abstract ( 467 )   HTML ( 4336642 )   PDF (1398KB) ( 798 )   Save

    Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. seed oil liposomes were prepared by a combined technology of ethanol injection and ultrasound, and the stability of liposomes was also evaluated. The optimized conditions and the encapsulation efficiency of E. ulmoides seed oil liposomes were investigated by Plackett-Burman design, the steepest ascent design and response surface methodology.The results showed that the optimal conditions selected were as follows:the mass ratio of phosphatidylcholine to sitosterol (X1)3.1:1, the mass ratio of phosphatidylcholine to E. ulmoides seed oil (X2) 4:1, dosage of tween-80(X3) 20%, phosphate buffer solution pH value (X4) 6.9, ultrasonic time (X5) 13 min, ultrasonic power (X6) 180 W. Under this condition, the actual encapsulation efficiency, average particle size, average potential and poly dispersity index (PDI) of E. ulmoides seed oil liposomes were 75.26%, 137.4 nm, -19.3 mV and 0.219, respectively. The particles showed irregular oval shape and smooth and complete morphology via the transmission electron microscopy observation. The stability experiments showed that E. ulmoides seed oil liposomes were significantly affected by the temperature, and the stability of all indexes at 4℃ was better than that at 25℃ and 40℃.When the E. ulmoides seed oil liposomes were stored at 4℃ for 15 days, the encapsulation efficiency decreased from 75.26% to 61.45%, the pH value decreased slightly, the average particle size increased from 137.4 nm to 160.9 nm, and malondialdehyde (MDA) increased from 0.023 2 mg/g to 0.033 1 mg/g.

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    Synthesis and Antibacterial Activity of ω-formylcamphene Oxime and Its Hydrocarbyl Ethers Derivatives
    Xuezhen FENG,Zhuanquan XIAO,Shangxing CHEN,Guorong FAN,Shengliang LIAO,Zongde WANG
    2020, 40 (1):  77-83.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-2417.2020.01.011
    Abstract ( 605 )   HTML ( 38 )   PDF (627KB) ( 703 )   Save

    ω-Formylcamphene oxime (2) was synthesized by the reaction of formylcamphene (1) with hydroxylamine hydrochloride.and then reacted with halohydrocarbon to synthesize five ω-formylcamphene oxime alkyl ether derivatives, such as ω-formylcamphene oxime ethyl ether (3a), ω-formylcamphene oxime propyl ether (3b), ω-formylcamphene oxime butyl ether (3c), ω-formylcamphene oxime n-pentyl ethers (3d), ω-formylcamphene oxime benzyl ethe (3e). Their structures were characterized by FI-IR, MS and NMR. The mycelium growth rate method was used to test the inhibitory effects of ω-formylcamphene oxime and its hydrocarbyl ethers on 12 kindsof plant pathogenic fungi. The results showed that the products had certain inhibitory effects on 12 kinds of plant pathogenic fungi, among which ω-formylcamphene oxime had the best activity and the best inhibitory against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, EC50 was 39.25 mg/L. The EC50 values of Thanatephoruscu cumeris, Phomopsis sp., Fusarium avenaceum and Ceratosphaeria phyllostachydis sp. nov. were 40-50 mg/L. Under the concentration of 500 mg/L, ω-formylcamphene oxime completely inhibited 9 plant pathogenic fungi such as Thanatephorus cucumeris, and the inhibitory rates of ω-formylcamphene oxime against Sphaeropsi ssapinea and Fusicoccum aesuli were over 97%. When the medicament concentration of ω-formylcamphene oxime lowered, the inhibitory rates on most plant pathogenic fungi were still higher than that of chlorothalonil at 500 mg/L. Although the antibacteria activity of ω-formylcamphene oxime hydrocarbyl ethers was lower than that of ω-formylcamphene oxime, but the inhibitory rates of ω-formylcamphene oxime hydrocarbyl ethers against Ceratosphaeria phyllostachydis, Alternaria kikuchiana and Fusarium avenaceum were generally higher than that of chlorothalonil.

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    Components and Antioxidant Activity of Camphor Leaves Essential Oil
    Jiaxin LI,Binbin MENG,Kai ZHU
    2020, 40 (1):  84-90.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-2417.2020.01.012
    Abstract ( 719 )   HTML ( 37 )   PDF (484KB) ( 726 )   Save

    Four different chemical types of camphor leaves essential oils were extracted by steam distillation and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry to compare their compositional differences. The antioxidant activity of camphora leaves essential oil was evaluated by DPPH, ABTS and FRAP, and butylated hydroxyl anisole (BHA) was used as positive control. The results showed that 46 kinds of main chemical components were detected in four chemical types of camphor oils. Among them, 35 kinds of chemical components were detected in the isonerolidol type oil, and the main component was isonerolidol, which was 29.48%. A total of 33 chemical components were detected in linalool type oil, and the main component was linalool, which was 71.91%. A total of 33 chemical components were detected in camphor type oil, and the main component was camphor, which was 46.28%. A total of 33 chemical components were detected in cineol type oil, and the main components was 1, 8-cineole, which was 30.31%. The four chemical types of camphora oils all exhibited a certain scavenging effects on DPPH radical, ABTS radical and reducing power in a concentration-dependent manner. But their antioxidant capacity was lower than BHA.Among them, camphor type oil exhibited the strongest of DPPH and scavenging ability and Fe3+ reducing power. When the concentration was 8 g/L, the DPPH radical scavenging rate of camphor type oil was 30.34%±1.25%, FRAP value was (1.44±0.13) mmol/L. isonerolidol type oil showed the strongest ABTS radical scavenging ability. When the concentration was 8 g/L, the ABTS radical scavenging rate of isonerolidol type oil was 14.93%±2.32%.

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    Preparation of Phyllanthus emblica Immobilized-tannin and Its Adsorption Characteristics to Ge (Ⅳ), Ga (Ⅲ) and In (Ⅲ)
    Cheng HUANG,Kun LI,Wenwen ZHANG,Hong ZHANG,Yanlin SUN,Yiwen LIU
    2020, 40 (1):  91-100.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-2417.2020.01.013
    Abstract ( 419 )   HTML ( 8 )   PDF (757KB) ( 546 )   Save

    A solid adsorption materials, Phyllanthus emblica immobilized-tannin(PEIT), was prepared based on glutaral as crosslinking agent and chitosan as polymer matrix. The structure and thermal properties of PEIT were characterized by using FT-IR, DSC and TG. The results showed that P. emblica tannins were immobilized on chitosan by glutaral crosslinking. The optimum conditions for preparing PEIT were found as follows:the mass ratio of glutaral to tannin 1:4, the mass ratio of chitosan to tannin 1.5:1, the initial pH value of the reaction solution 4.0, and 55℃ for 3.0 h. The result of using PEIT to adsorb metal ions showed that PEIT has good adsorption effection on Ge (Ⅳ), Ga (Ⅲ), In (Ⅲ). The PEIT demonstrated the maximum adsorption efficiency at pH 4.0 for In (Ⅲ) and pH 3.0 for Ge (Ⅳ) and Ga (Ⅲ). The adsorption for these three metal ions followed pseudo second-order kinetics, indicating the chemisorption nature. The adsorption process of PEIT to Ge(Ⅳ), Ga (Ⅲ), In (Ⅲ) was not sensitive to temperature, and the best adsorption temperature was 30℃. The adsorption isotherms all fitted well with the Langmuir model, PEIT was based on a monolayer adsorption onto homogenous surfaces by uniformly distributed adsorption sites, and the calculated maximum adsorption capacities were 67.65, 70.00 and 54.10 mg/g for Ga(Ⅲ), In(Ⅲ), Ge(Ⅳ), respectively.

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    Synergistic Effect of Inorganic Hydroxide/Boric Acid in Flame Retardant Reed Fiberboard
    Shun YAN,Luping XU,Zewei WEN,Jixing XIE,Jianzhong XU
    2020, 40 (1):  101-105.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-2417.2020.01.014
    Abstract ( 359 )   HTML ( 4 )   PDF (2048KB) ( 416 )   Save

    Flame retardant reed fiberboard (RFB) was prepared from Baiyangdian reed fiber by using methylene diphenyl diisocyanate(MDI) as adhesive and magnesium-aluminum hydroxide (MATH) and boric acid (BA)as flame retardant agents. When the addition amount of MATH was 20% (caculated by the mass of reed, similarly here in after), flame retardant properties of RFB increased but mechanical properties reduced. After replacing parts of MATH with BA, the flame retardant properties and mechanical properties of RFB both improved. The vertical combustion grade reached V-0 and the static bending strength improved by 2.8-8.8 MPa. When 4% BA and 16% MATH was added, the time for ignition of RFB extended from 34 s to 50 s, the peak heat release rate (PHRR) reduced by 68.5% (from 290.3 kW/m2 to 177.1 kW/m2), and the total smoke release (TSR) reduced by 68.6% (from 238.0 m2/m2 to 119.4 m2/m2). Meanwhile the modulus of rupture of RFB increased from 9.0 MPa to 16.5 MPa. SEM, TG and FTIR analysis showed that the addition of BA promoted the solidification of MDI, and the amount of residual carbon of RFB increased significantly.

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    Synthesis and HDAC Inhibitory Activity of Novel Urushiol Hydroxamic Acid Derivatives
    Hao ZHOU,Zhiwen QI,Ran TAO,Hongxia CHEN,Chengzhang WANG
    2020, 40 (1):  106-112.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-2417.2020.01.015
    Abstract ( 584 )   HTML ( 2369535 )   PDF (1549KB) ( 750 )   Save

    Urushiol was used as raw material, through etherification of o-diphenol hydroxyl group, introducing isoxamic acid group into the tail of side chain, and functional groups of nitro, hydroxyl group into benzene ring or aliphatic chain. Three novel methylene ether urushiol hydroxamic acid derivatives were synthesized. The structure of the synthesized compounds was characterized by means of 1H NMR, 13 C NMR and MS analysis. The interaction mode between the compounds and HDAC 2 was studied by molecular docking. The results showed that three compounds could bind to the active pocket of HDAC 2 and interact with the residues of His145, Tyr 308, Glu103 and Asp104 to form hydrogen bonds. It could form stable chelation with Zn2+ at the bottom of active pocket. The inhibitory activity of compounds on HDAC 2 was detected by kit AK-501. The results showed that the inhibitory effects of compound 2 and 3 on HDAC 2 were better than that of compound 1, and the IC50 values of compound 2 and 3 were similar to that of SAHA(IC50=0.20 mg/L), the half inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of compounds 1, 2 and 3 on HDAC2 were 0.33, 0.29 and 0.24 mg/L, respectively.

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    Synthesis and Fungicidal Activity of Physcion-amino Acid Derivatives
    Zhenguo MENG,Xiang ZHU,China ZHAO,Yue CHANG,Qinglai WU,Junkai LI
    2020, 40 (1):  113-119.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-2417.2020.01.016
    Abstract ( 593 )   HTML ( 33 )   PDF (606KB) ( 610 )   Save

    In order to find novel anthraquinone compounds with high fungicidal activity, a series of novel physcion-amino acid derivatives 2a-6p were designed and synthesized by introducing the amino acids into the lead compound physcion by etherification, hydrolysis and acid chloride reaction according to the method of active substructure combination. The structures of the target compounds were confirmed by 1H NMR and HRMS. The preliminary bioassay data showed that all the target products exhibited certain fungicidal activities against the six kinds of plant pathogens at 0.2 mmoL/L. Compounds 6e had the highest inhibitory activities against Rhizoctonia solani and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides with 69.93% and 67.18%, respectively. Compounds 5a, 6a and 6c had moderate inhibitory activities against R. solani with 60.51%, 53.28% and 58.50%, respectively. The inhibitory activities of compounds 6a and 6c against C. gloeosporioides were 49.25% and 47.61%, respectively. The above compounds showed significantly higher fungicidal activities than the lead compound physcion. The preliminary analysis of structure effective relationship showed that the introduction of amino acids at the hydroxyl position of physcion could enhance its fungicidal activity against R. solani, Pyricularia oryzae, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Botrytis cinerea Alteraria alternate and C. gloeosporioide.

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    Preparation and Adsorption Behavior Study of Larch-based SiO2@C Composites for Dyes
    Yujie ZHANG,Fangong KONG,Liuzhu GUO,Xiaoke LIU,Xin ZHAO
    2020, 40 (1):  120-128.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-2417.2020.01.017
    Abstract ( 412 )   HTML ( 18874367 )   PDF (6826KB) ( 752 )   Save

    The porous SiO2@C composites were fabricated via a one-step in situ doping approach using biomass waste larch sawdust as raw material and SiO2 as pore structure regulator. The effects of different carbonization temperature and SiO2 as the template on pore structure and adsorption property of composites were investigated.The SEM, TEM, nitrogen adsorption/desorption, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were adopted to characterize the composite material. Meanwhile, the adsorption behavior of the composites was studied by using ethyl violet dye as the model. The results showed that the morphologies of SiO2@C composites obtained from carbonization between 700 to 900℃ changed from cross-linked spherical to network-like structure, and the porous structures changed from disorder to order.Moreover, the large specific surface areas increased from 538 m2/g to 780 m2/g of the SiO2@C composites.Benefitting from high specific surface area and ordered pore structure, the adsorption value of SiO2@C-900 was as high as 378 mg/g for ethyl violet dye; the removal rate of ethyl violet dye was 99% at the optimal adsorption condition of temperature 55℃ and pH 7, and the removal rate was still above 97% after repeated 5 times, indicating that these composites had good stability. The adsorption isothermal was in line with the Langmuir adsorption isothermal model, and the adsorption kinetics was in line with the second-order kinetic model, namely, which was mainly chemical adsorption.

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