向日葵秸秆对U(VI)和Pb(Ⅱ)的选择吸附性能及机理研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-2417.2014.02.002

林产化学与工业 ›› 2014, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (2): 9-16.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-2417.2014.02.002

向日葵秸秆对U(VI)和Pb(Ⅱ)的选择吸附性能及机理研究

艾莲^{1 2}, 罗学刚^{1 2}, 林晓艳^{1 2}, 梅强¹

1. 西南科技大学材料科学与工程学院, 四川绵阳 621010;
2. 西南科技大学生物质材料教育部工程研究中心, 四川绵阳 621010

收稿日期:2013-08-12 出版日期:2014-04-25 发布日期:2014-04-26
通讯作者: 罗学刚，教授，博士生导师，研究领域为生物质资源开发与利用;E-mail：lxg@swust.edu.cn。 E-mail:lxg@swust.edu.cn
作者简介:艾莲（1989-），女，四川中江人，硕士生，主要从事生物质环境友好材料的研究工作
基金资助:
国防基础科研重点项目（B3120110001）；西南科技大学2013年研究生创新基金项目资助（13ycjj04）

Extended Study of Sunflower Straw in the Selective Adsorption Behaviors and Mechanisms for U(VI) and Pb(Ⅱ)

AI Lian^{1 2}, LUO Xue-gang^{1 2}, LIN Xiao-yan^{1 2}, MEI Qiang¹

1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China;
2. Engineering Research Center of Biomass Materials, Ministry of Education; Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China

Received:2013-08-12 Online:2014-04-25 Published:2014-04-26

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以含有单一的U（VI）、Pb（Ⅱ）溶液以及U（VI）和Pb（Ⅱ）混合溶液为吸附质，系统探讨了pH值、吸附剂量、吸附时间和初始离子浓度对向日葵秸秆吸附效果的影响。采用准一级动力学方程、准二级动力学方程、粒内扩散模型、Langmuir和Freundlich等温吸附方程对实验数据进行拟合，从分配系数和分离因子角度对吸附选择性进行分析，并对吸附机理进行探讨。结果表明：吸附20 mg/L的U（VI）-Pb（Ⅱ）溶液的最佳pH值为4.0、吸附剂量为2.0 g/L、吸附时间为720 min，U（VI）和Pb（Ⅱ）的去除率分别为77.55%、87.44%；U（VI）和Pb（Ⅱ）的吸附动力学在单离子和复配体系下均符合准二级动力学模型；吸附等温线均符合Langmuir等温吸附模型，单离子最大吸附量分别为327.0和 67.59 mg/g，且当U（VI）高于 200 mg/L 时Pb（Ⅱ）的吸附过程也能用Freundlich模型描述。当离子初始浓度较低时向日葵秸秆对Pb（Ⅱ）具有更高的吸附选择性，而较高时则相反。向日葵秸秆吸附前后的SEM、EDX和FT-IR图谱表明，吸附U（VI）和Pb（Ⅱ）的主要方式为络合和离子交换。

关键词: 向日葵秸秆, 选择性, U(VI), Pb(Ⅱ), 吸附机理

Abstract: The adsorptive properties of sunflower straw for U (VI) and Pb (Ⅱ) were systematically evaluated in single and binary solutions using batch experiments as a function of solution pH, adsorbent dosage, contact time and initial ion concentration. The kinetic data were analyzed by the pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order kinetic and intraparticle diffusion models. The equilibrium sorption data were examined using the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm equations. It was shown that that a dose of 2.0 g/L of sunflower straw in an initial ions concentration of 20 mg/L with an initial pH of 4.0 and a contact time of 720 min resulted in the maximum U (VI) and Pb (Ⅱ) removal efficiency (about 77.55% and 87.44%, respectively) in U (VI)/Pb (Ⅱ) binary system. The kinetic and isotherm experimental data were fitted to the pseudo-second-order rate equation and the Langmuir isotherm model with much satisfaction for single and binary metal systems, respectively. The sorption data of Pb (Ⅱ) also conformed successfully to the Freundlich equation at U (VI) concentration more than 200 mg/L. The maximum adsorption capacity in single system for U (VI) and Pb (Ⅱ) was calculated to be 327.0 and 67.59 mg/g, respectively. The sunflower straw displayed an excellent selectivity in the adsorption of Pb (Ⅱ) over U (VI) in the binary system at lower initial concentrations of ions and the case was vice versa at higher concentrations. Furthermore, SEM, EDX and FT-IR analyses revealed that U (VI) and Pb (Ⅱ) adsorption onto sunflower straw could be predominantly controlled by the ion exchange as well as complexation mechanism.

Key words: sunflower straw, selectivity, uranium(VI), lead(Ⅱ), adsorption mechanism

中图分类号:

TQ35
X591

艾莲, 罗学刚, 林晓艳, 梅强. 向日葵秸秆对U(VI)和Pb(Ⅱ)的选择吸附性能及机理研究[J]. 林产化学与工业, 2014, 34(2): 9-16.

AI Lian, LUO Xue-gang, LIN Xiao-yan, MEI Qiang. Extended Study of Sunflower Straw in the Selective Adsorption Behaviors and Mechanisms for U(VI) and Pb(Ⅱ)[J]. Chemistry and Industry of Forest Products, 2014, 34(2): 9-16.

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向日葵秸秆对U(VI)和Pb(Ⅱ)的选择吸附性能及机理研究

Extended Study of Sunflower Straw in the Selective Adsorption Behaviors and Mechanisms for U(VI) and Pb(Ⅱ)

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