纤维素基一体化三明治结构超级电容器的制备及性能

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-2417.2020.03.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以氧化石墨烯（GO）和纤维素纳米纤维（CNF）为原料，制备了高导电纤维素基RGO/CNF/RGO（RCR）导电薄膜，将氧化石墨烯@聚吡咯（GO@PPy）活性材料沉积到薄膜的两侧，制得了具有导电各向异性和良好柔韧性的一体化柔性薄膜，进一步将液体电解质渗透到复合膜中，铜箔作为集流体，制备了一体化三明治结构超级电容器。通过扫描电镜（SEM）和X射线光电子能谱（XPS）对薄膜的形貌及表面元素进行了分析，并以堆积式和凝胶式电容器为对照，对一体化电容器的电化学性能进行了对比分析。结果表明：PPy包覆在GO的表面，并且以GO@PPy的形式沉积到了RCR薄膜表面，形成了400 nm左右的赝电容层。在5 mV/s的扫描速率下，一体化、堆积式和凝胶式电容器的面积比电容达到最大，分别为28.5、28.1和33.8 mF/cm²，当扫描速率增加到200 mV/s时，面积比电容分别降至4.6、3.2和1.1 mF/cm²，可以看出一体化电容器的稳定性更高；一体化电容器紧密无缝的连接方式可以有效避免相邻元件之间的相对位移及脱落，有效降低了电子/离子转移的电阻。同时一体化电容器还表现出更好的柔韧性，在弯曲测试时其电性能保持稳定。当电流密度为0.2 mA/cm²时，一体化电容器的面积和体积比电容分别可达到64.8 mF/cm²和31.0 F/cm³，表现出优异的电化学性能。该一体化电容器的制备为可穿戴电子器件的发展提供了新方法。

关键词: 三明治结构, 氧化石墨烯, 一体化超级电容器, 聚吡咯, 纳米纤维素

Abstract:

A cellulose-based highly conductive film (RGO/CNF/RGO(RCR)) was prepared using graphene oxide (GO) and cellulose nanofiber (CNF). Graphene oxide@polypyrrole (GO@PPy) active material was deposited on both sides of the film, then an integrated flexible film with conductive anisotropy and good flexibility was acquired. Furthermore, the liquid electrolyte was infiltrated into the composite film, and the copper foil was used as the current collector to prepare the integrated sandwich structure supercapacitor(SC). The morphology and surface elements of the film were analyzed by scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Afterwards, the electrochemical performance of integrated capacitor was compared with stacked capacitor and gel capacitor. The results showed that PPy was wrapped on the surface of GO and deposited on the surface of RCR film in the form of GO@PPy, and a pseudo-capacitive layer of about 400 nm was formed. When the scanning rate was 5 mV/s, the area specific capacitances of integrated, stacked and gel capacitor reached the maximum, which were 28.5, 28.1 and 33.8 mF/cm², respectively. When the scanning rate increased to 200 mV/s, the area specific capacitances decreased to 4.6, 3.2 and 1.1 mF/cm², respectively. It could be seen that the integrated capacitor has higher stability. The tight and seamless connection of the integrated capacitor could effectively avoid the relative displacement and shedding between the adjacent components, and effectively reduce the resistance of electron/ion transfer. At the same time, the integrated capacitor also showed better flexibility, and its electrical performance remained stable after bending test. When the current density was 0.2 mA/cm², the area and volume specific capacitance of the integrated capacitor could reach 64.8 mF/cm² and 31.0 F/cm³, respectively, showing excellent electrochemical performance. The preparation of the integrated supercapacitor provides a new method for development of wearable electronic devices.

Key words: sandwich structure, graphene oxide, integrated supercapacitor, polypyrrole, nanocellulose

中图分类号:

TQ35

胡雨萌,侯敏杰,许苗军,李斌. 纤维素基一体化三明治结构超级电容器的制备及性能[J]. 林产化学与工业, 2020, 40(3): 23-30.

Yumeng HU,Minjie HOU,Miaojun XU,Bin LI. Preparation and Properties of Cellulose-based Integrated Sandwich Structure Supercapacitor[J]. Chemistry and Industry of Forest Products, 2020, 40(3): 23-30.

图/表 9

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