单宁和纳米SiO2改性大豆基胶黏剂的制备及其性能

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-2417.2022.01.005

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为制备无甲醛的环保型生物基木材胶黏剂，以单宁和纳米SiO₂改性脱脂豆粉制备大豆基胶黏剂(DSF)，并分析了改性大豆基胶黏剂的性能。研究结果显示：单宁和纳米SiO₂二元复合改性大豆基胶黏剂(DSF-T-SiO₂)在固化过程中能够形成稳定的交联结构；TG分析表明单宁和SiO₂改性显著提高了胶黏剂的热稳定性；单宁改性大豆基胶黏剂(DSF-T)可提高干态和湿态胶合性能，纳米SiO₂改性大豆基胶黏剂(DSF-SiO₂)的干态胶合性能略有提高，但湿态胶合性能无明显改善。经分析以25 g脱脂豆粉、5 g单宁、0.1 g纳米SiO₂和70 g去离子水混合均匀搅拌得到的改性胶黏剂DSF-T-SiO₂-2的起始黏度比未改性的DSF降低了79.58%；DSF-T-SiO₂-2的固化胶层水溶解率为(27.5±0.05)%，比对照组DSF下降了28.4个百分点。此外，DSF-T-SiO₂-2制备的胶合板的干态、湿态胶合强度最高分别为2.55和0.95 MPa，达到了国家标准GB/T 9846—2015室内用II类胶合板的要求。

关键词: 大豆基胶黏剂, 单宁, 胶合性能, 环保, 胶合板

Abstract:

In order to prepare a formaldehyde-free environmentally friendly biomass-based wood adhesive, a soybean-based adhesive was developed via using tannin and nano-SiO₂ to modify the defatted soybean flour(DSF), and the performance of the modified soybean-based adhesive was analyzed. The results showed that the combination of tannin and nano-SiO₂ to modify the soybean-based adhesive(DSF-T-SiO₂) could form a stable cross-linking structure after curing. TG analysis showed that the modification with tannin and nano-SiO₂ significantly improved the thermal stability of the soybean-based adhesive. Tannin-modification could improve the dry and wet bonding properties of the soybean-based adhesives. Nano-SiO₂ was helpful to improve the dry bonding properties of the adhesive, whereas the effect on the wet bonding properties was not obviously. When the formula of the developed adhesive was 25 g defatted soybean flour, 5 g tannin, 0.1 g nano-SiO₂, and 70 g deionized water, the modified adhesive DSF-T-SiO₂-2 was obtained. The initial viscosity of DSF-T-SiO₂-2 was 79.58% lower than that of the unmodified DSF. And the water solubility of DSF-T-SiO₂-2 was(27.5±0.05)%, which was 28.4 percentage points lower than that of DSF.In addition, the plywood prepared with DSF-T-SiO₂-2 had the maximum dry and wet bonding strengths of 2.55 and 0.95 MPa, respectively, which met the requirements of the Chinese national standard GB/T 9846-2015 for interior plywood.

Key words: soybean-based adhesive, tannin, bonding properties, environmentally friendly, plywood

中图分类号:

TQ35

张二兵, 涂伊静, 叶曼玉, 朱志强, 陈奶荣. 单宁和纳米SiO₂改性大豆基胶黏剂的制备及其性能[J]. 林产化学与工业, 2022, 42(1): 36-42.

Erbing ZHANG, Yijing TU, Manyu YE, Zhiqiang ZHU, Nairong CHEN. Preparation and Performance of Tannin and Nano SiO₂ Modified Soy-based Adhesives[J]. Chemistry and Industry of Forest Products, 2022, 42(1): 36-42.

图/表 8

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样品 sample	水溶解率/% water dissolution rate	透光率/% luminouseness
DSF	55.9±0.05	13.2±0.2
DSF-SiO₂-2	38.9±0.06	28.5±0.1
DSF-T	31.1±0.03	35.4±0.2
DSF-T-SiO₂-2	27.5±0.05	40.1±0.3

样品 sample	干态胶合强度/MPa dry strength	湿态胶合强度/MPa wet strength
DSF	2.09±0.05	0
DSF-T	2.21±0.07	0.72±0.04
DSF-SiO₂-1	2.22±0.09	0
DSF-SiO₂-2	2.24±0.08	0
DSF-T-SiO₂-1	2.25±0.12	0.63±0.08
DSF-T-SiO₂-2	2.55±0.03	0.95±0.05
DSF-T-SiO₂-3	2.46±0.08	0.85±0.05
DSF-T-SiO₂-4	2.14±0.11	0.84±0.09

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单宁和纳米SiO₂改性大豆基胶黏剂的制备及其性能

Preparation and Performance of Tannin and Nano SiO₂ Modified Soy-based Adhesives

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样品¹⁾ sample	脱脂豆粉/g defatted soybean flour	单宁/g tannin	纳米二氧化硅/g nano-SiO₂
DSF	30	0	0
DSF-T	25	5	0
DSF-SiO₂-1	30	0	0.05
DSF-SiO₂-2	30	0	0.10
DSF-T-SiO₂-1	27.5	2.5	0.1
DSF-T-SiO₂-2	25.0	5.0	0.1
DSF-T-SiO₂-3	22.5	7.5	0.1
DSF-T-SiO₂-4	20.0	10.0	0.1