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林产化学与工业

林产化学与工业 ›› 2012, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (5): 63-68.

• 1研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

加氢对漆蜡物化性能变化的研究

董艳鹤1, 王成章1,2, 何源峰1   

  1. 1. 中国林业科学研究院 林产化学工业研究所;生物质化学利用国家工程实验室; 国家林业局 林产化学工程重点开放性实验室, 江苏 南京 210042;2. 中国林业科学研究院 林业新技术研究所, 北京 100091
  • 收稿日期:2011-08-17 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2012-10-30 发布日期:2012-10-30
  • 通讯作者: 王成章(1966-),男,研究员,博士,博士生导师,研究领域为天然产物研究与利用;E-mail:wangczlhs@sina.com。

The Changes of Physical and Chemical Properties of Lacquer Wax from Rhus vernicifera by Hydrogenation

DONG Yan-he1, WANG Cheng-zhang1,2, HE Yuan-feng1   

  1. 1. Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, CAF; National Engineering Lab. for Biomass Chemical Utilization;Key and Open Lab. of Forest Chemical Engineering,SFA, Nanjing 210042, China;2. Institute of New Technology of Forestry,CAF, Beijing 100091, China
  • Received:2011-08-17 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2012-10-30 Published:2012-10-30

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摘要： 为了提高中国漆蜡的品质,分析了不同产地和品种的漆籽物化性能的差异,研究加氢单因素对加氢脱色后漆蜡物化性能的变化。结果表明:中国漆蜡含有不饱和脂肪酸高于日本野漆蜡。通过加氢和脱色精制的漆蜡,漆蜡熔点和硬度提高,酸值从 66.4 mg/g 下降到 13.7 mg/g,碘值从 151 mg/g 下降至 90 mg/g,过氧化值从 31.3 mmol/kg 下降至 5.6 mmol/kg,白度从25上升到85,其物理性能优于日本Star Cherry牌系列白蜡。加氢漆蜡中硬脂酸的GC含量从 7.38 % 升高至 15.85 %,油酸从 13.66 % 降至 4.85 %,总饱和脂肪酸GC含量(C16∶0和C18∶0)大于 90 %,与日本Star Cherry牌系列白蜡的化学成分接近。漆蜡加氢脱色最佳条件是钯碳(5.0 %)用量 0.2 %,反应时间2~4 h,反应温度 100 ℃,氢气压力 0.5 MPa,搅拌速度 200 r/min。选择活性炭与凹凸棒土(质量比1∶1)作为脱色剂,脱色剂加入量为漆蜡质量的 0.5 %,搅拌脱色 30 min,温度 80 ℃, 脱色效果最好。

关键词: 漆树, 漆蜡, 氢化, 脱色, 物化性能

Abstract: In order to improve the quality of lacquer wax from the berry of Rhus vernicifera in China, the physical and chemical properties of lacquer berries, which origined from different cultuvars and regions, were analyzed. The property changes were investigated by hydrogenation and decoloration. The results showed the content of unsaturated fatty acids of R. vernicifera berry in China was higher than that of R. succedanea L berry in Japan. The physical property of refined lacquer wax was better than series refined production of Japanese Star Cherry by hydrogenation and decoloration. The melting point and hardness rised, acid value decreased from 66.4 to 13.7 mg/g, iodine value decreased from 151 mg/g to 90 mg/g, peroxide value decreased from 31.3 to 5.6 mmol/kg, however its whiteness increased from 25 to 85. The chemical property of refined lacquer wax was simialr to Japanese Star Cherry lacquer wax. The content of stearic acid increased from 7.38 % to 15.85%, however, oleic acid decreased from 13.66 % to 4.85 %. The total content of saturated fatty acids (C16∶0 and C18∶0) rised to over 90 %. The optimal conditions of hydrogenation were 0.2 % amount of 5.0 % palladium carbon, hydrogenation time 2-4 h, reaction temperature 100 ℃, reaction pressure 0.5 MPa, 200 r/min of stirring speed. The decoloration conditions were activated carbon and attapulgite in ratio of 1∶1 as decolorant, 0.5 % decolorant based on lacqurer wax, decolored time 30 min, temperature 80 ℃.

Key words: Rhus vernicifera, lacquer wax, hydrogenation, decoloration, physical and chemical properties

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