四株中山杉的木材和纤维特性及其制浆性能

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-2417.2021.02.013

Abstract

Abstract:

The wood densities, crystallinities, chemical compositions, macrostructure, fiber morphological characteristics and pulping performance of four 11-year-old Taxodium 'Zhongshanshan' (T. 'Zhongshanshan'405, T. 'Zhongshanshan'406, T. 'Zhongshanshan'407, T. 'Zhongshanshan'502) and their parents, Taxodium distichum and Taxodium mucronatum were studied. The results showed that the basic densities of four T. 'Zhongshanshan' woods arranged from 0.24 to 0.33 g/cm³, which were slightly lower than those of T. mucronatum (0.33 g/cm³) and T. distichum (0.34 g/cm³). The arithmetic average and weighted average length of T. 'Zhongshanshan' wood fiber were 1.09-1.31 mm and 1.52-1.73 mm, respectively, which were between that of T. mucronatum and T. distichum. The ratios of length to diameter of wood fiber of T. 'Zhongshanshan' were close to that of T. mucronatum, which were lower than that of T. distichum. The total polysaccharide mass fraction of T. 'Zhongshanshan' wood was similar to that of their parents, which accounted for about 60% of the dry weigh of wood. Also, lignin mass fraction was about 31.0%-33.2% of the dry weight of wood, which were slightly lower than that of parents. The ash mass fraction of T. 'Zhongshanshan' wood was higher than that of parents and all were less than 1%. Typical coniferous tracheids could be seen on the cross section of T. 'Zhongshanshan' wood. The parenchyma cells were scattered and a large number of traumatic resin canals could be seen at the junction of early and late wood. The tangential section presented an uniserial wood ray, consisting of 2-22 cells. Additionally, the pulping performance of T. 'Zhongshanshan' 406 and T. 'Zhongshanshan' 407 were investigated. The kappa number of the pulp was around 38 when the cooking yield achieved 45%-46%. The investigation on oxygen delignification of kraft pulp found that the delignification rate was about 64%, good and the delignification selectivity was good. The brightness of the pulps achieved 75%-78%(ISO) after DED bleaching.

Key words: Taxodium 'Zhongshanshan', wood density, crystallinity, chemical composition, fiber property, pulping performance

CLC Number:

TQ35
S781

Shan XU, Shanqi WAN, Shufang WU, Chaoguang YU, Yunlong YIN. Wood and Fiber Properties, and Pulping Performance of Four Taxodium Hybrid 'Zhongshanshan'[J]. Chemistry and Industry of Forest Products, 2021, 41(2): 93-102.

Figures/Tables 8

Table 1

Table 2

Table 3

Table 4

Fig.1

Fig.2

Fig.3

Table 5

References 22

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漂段bleaching stage	时间/mintime	NaOH用量/%NaOH dosage	ClO₂用量/%ClO₂ dosage	pH值pH value
ClO₂漂白ClO₂ bleaching(D₀)	90		1.5	2.5-3.5
碱抽提alkali extraction(E)	90	1.25
ClO₂漂白ClO₂ bleaching(D₁)	120		2.0	3.5-4.5

树种¹⁾species	树高/mtree-height	胸径/cmdiameter at breast height	结晶度/%crystallinity	气干密度²⁾/(g·cm^-3)air-dry density	基本密度/(g·cm^-3)basic density	绝干密度/(g·cm^-3)dry density
落羽杉T. distichum	9.0	17.5	36.3	0.48±0.03	0.34±0.01	0.45±0.04
墨杉T. mucronatum	9.8	21.8	29.4	0.44±0.02	0.33±0.01	0.40±0.02
中山杉405 Zhongshanshan 405	9.1	18.5	34.5	0.42±0.02	0.33±0.01	0.40±0.02
中山杉406 Zhongshanshan 406	8.7	17.0	31.1	0.43±0.01	0.33±0.01	0.38±0.02
中山杉407 Zhongshanshan 407	9.9	22.0	34.7	0.29±0.06	0.24±0.03	0.28±0.04
中山杉502 Zhongshanshan 502	9.4	19.5	37.4	0.30±0.01	0.24±0.01	0.27±0.01

树种species	灰分/%ash	抽提物extractives/%			木质素lignin/%		聚糖glycan¹⁾/%		总物料/%total balance
树种species	灰分/%ash	苯醇benzene-alcohol	冷水cold water	热水hot water	Klason	酸溶acid-soluble	葡聚糖glucan	其他聚糖other glycans	总物料/%total balance
落羽杉T. distichum	0.33	2.76	2.72	4.84	33.03	0.76	38.91	19.63	95.42
墨杉T. mucronatum	0.60	2.56	2.28	4.00	33.33	0.79	38.55	21.57	97.40
中山杉405 Zhongshanshan 405	0.76	2.20	2.11	3.90	32.02	0.98	39.14	21.01	96.11
中山杉406 Zhongshanshan 406	0.88	2.57	1.85	3.58	32.22	0.94	39.09	22.44	98.15
中山杉407 Zhongshanshan 407	0.52	2.39	1.98	3.68	31.95	0.51	38.01	20.81	94.19
中山杉502 Zhongshanshan 502	0.82	2.02	2.70	3.94	30.84	0.54	37.98	20.10	92.29

树种species	平均长度average length/mm			宽度/μmwidth	粗度/(mg·km^-1)coarseness	长宽比length-width ratio			双壁厚/μmcell wall thickness
树种species	数均arithmetic average	重均weightedaverage	二重重均weight weighted average	宽度/μmwidth	粗度/(mg·km^-1)coarseness	数均arithmetic average	重均weighted average	二重重均weight weighted average	双壁厚/μmcell wall thickness
落羽杉T. distichum	1.51	2.00	1.35	43.30	134.7	35	46	31	5.52
墨杉T. mucronatum	1.17	1.54	1.31	40.22	130.9	29	38	33	5.39
中山杉405Zhongshanshan 405	1.17	1.70	1.41	42.05	140.5	28	40	33	5.59
中山杉406Zhongshanshan 406	1.09	1.52	1.40	42.37	139.9	26	36	33	5.40
中山杉407Zhongshanshan 407	1.31	1.73	1.55	43.43	155.2	30	40	36	5.24
中山杉502Zhongshanshan 502	1.19	1.62	1.72	43.37	172.2	27	37	40	5.26

制浆性能指标¹⁾pulping performance index	中山杉406 Zhongshanshan 406’	中山杉407Zhongshanshan 407’
蒸煮得率cooking yield	(45.0±0.6)%	(46.0±0.2)%
卡伯值Kappa number	37.8±0.2	37.7±0.3
脱木质素选择性^*delignification selectivity	0.84	0.82
残碱residual alkali	(3.0±0.5)g/L	(3.4±0.2)g/L
氧脱木质素浆卡伯值Kappa number of oxygen delignified pulp	13.8	13.3
氧脱木质素率oxygen delignified rate	63.5%	64.7%
氧脱木质素段得率yieldof oxygen delignified pulp	96.3%	97.8%
叩解度beating degree	13.5°SR	13.3°SR
白度brightness(ISO)	75.7%	77.9%
返黄值post color number	0.46	0.60
抗张指数tensile index	17.04 N·m/g	19.63 N·m/g
撕裂指数tear index	11.84 mN·m²/g	11.60 mN·m²/g

Wood and Fiber Properties, and Pulping Performance of Four Taxodium Hybrid 'Zhongshanshan'

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