生物质催化转化制备生物基航空燃料的研究进展

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-2417.2023.01.018

林产化学与工业 ›› 2023, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (1): 140-154.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-2417.2023.01.018

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生物质催化转化制备生物基航空燃料的研究进展

郑云武¹(), 王继大¹, 李冬华¹, 刘灿¹, 丁章帅¹, 郑志锋¹^,²^,*()

1. 林业生物质资源高效利用技术国家地方联合工程研究中心, 西南林业大学, 云南昆明 650224
2. 福建省生物质高值化技术工程研究中心(厦门大学), 厦门大学, 福建厦门 361102

收稿日期:2021-11-10 出版日期:2023-02-28 发布日期:2023-02-28
通讯作者: 郑志锋 E-mail:zyw85114@163.com;zhengzhifeng666@163.com
作者简介:郑志锋, 教授, 博士生导师, 主要从事生物质能源、炭材料及其储能方面的研究; E-mail: zhengzhifeng666@163.com
郑云武(1983—), 男, 黑龙江大庆人, 副教授, 博士, 硕士生导师, 主要从事生物质能源与材料方面的研究; E-mail: zyw85114@163.com
基金资助:
云南省科技厅项目(2018FG001-054);国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFD1002404);国家自然科学基金资助项目(31670599)

A Review on Recent Advances in Catalytic Conversion of Biomass for Selective Production of Bio-aviation Fuels

Yunwu ZHENG¹(), Jida WANG¹, Donghua LI¹, Can LIU¹, Zhangshuai DING¹, Zhifeng ZHENG¹^,²^,*()

1. National Joint Engineering Research Center for Highly-efficient Utilization Technology of Forest Biomass Resources, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
2. Fujian Provincial Engineering and Research Center of Clean and High-valued Technologies for Biomass, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China

Received:2021-11-10 Online:2023-02-28 Published:2023-02-28
Contact: Zhifeng ZHENG E-mail:zyw85114@163.com;zhengzhifeng666@163.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

生物质催化转化是制备高品质生物基航空燃料和解决能源危机的主要途径，本文从现有的生物基航空燃料的制备方法出发，从适应需求的原料和技术路线的角度，概述了油脂、木质纤维、糖类等不同的原料所需的技术路线和催化体系，以及加氢脱氧、费-托合成、羟醛缩合、烯烃齐聚等不同技术路线所用的催化剂，同时对反应条件以及反应机理进行优化和探索，并指明催化转化过程中存在成本高、工艺和转化机理复杂(高温和高压)、H₂用量高、目标产物的选择性较差以及催化剂失活等问题。最后，针对各种原料、技术路线的优缺点以及面临的问题，提出了建议并展望其未来发展方向。

关键词: 生物质, 生物基航空燃料, 加氢脱氧, 催化剂, 催化机理

Abstract:

Catalytic conversion of biomass was the main route to produce high quality bio-based aviation fuel and solve energy crisis. In this paper, according to the perspective of the existing preparation methods of bio-aviation fuel, the technical routes and catalytic systems required by different feedstocks and the catalysts used in different technical routes were summarized from the perspective of raw materials adapted to the demand(oil, lignocellulose biomass and sugar raw materials) and technical routes(hydrodeoxygenation, Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, aldol condensation and olefin oligomerization). At the same time, the reaction conditions and reaction mechanism were also reported. It was pointed out that the critical problems in catalytic conversion process, including higher cost, complex process and conversion mechanism(high temperature and high pressure), higher H₂ consumption, poor selectivity of desired target products and deactivation of catalyst. Finally, according to the advantages and disadvantages of various raw materials and technical routes as well as the problems faced, some suggestions were proposed and the future development direction was prospected.

Key words: biomass, bio-aviation fuel, hydrodeoxygenation, catalysts, catalytic mechanism

中图分类号:

TQ35

郑云武, 王继大, 李冬华, 刘灿, 丁章帅, 郑志锋. 生物质催化转化制备生物基航空燃料的研究进展[J]. 林产化学与工业, 2023, 43(1): 140-154.

Yunwu ZHENG, Jida WANG, Donghua LI, Can LIU, Zhangshuai DING, Zhifeng ZHENG. A Review on Recent Advances in Catalytic Conversion of Biomass for Selective Production of Bio-aviation Fuels[J]. Chemistry and Industry of Forest Products, 2023, 43(1): 140-154.

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性能指标 properties index	化石基 fossil-based			生物基 bio-based
性能指标 properties index	Jet A	JP-8	RP-3	FT-SPK	HEFA-SPK	ATJ
烷烃 alkane/%	68.2	60.0	53.0	98.74	88.95	99.62
环烷烃 cycloalkanes/%	6.3	20.0	37.7	0.62	11.05	0.05
芳香烃 aromatic hydrocarbon/%	25.5	18.0	4.6	0.64	0	＜0.01
烯烃 olefin/%	—	2.0	2.0	—	—
其他烃类 other hydrocarbons/%	—	—	2.7	0.5	0.5	—
自燃温度 autoignition temperature/℃	＞425	—	380-425	—	—
闪点 flash point/℃	48	42	47	42	43	50
沸点 boiling point/℃	—	—	185	—	—
凝固点 freezing point/℃	-40	-48.5	-60	40	40	—
烟点 smoke point/mm	22.0	28.5	24.6	38.0	50.0	34.5
15 ℃下密度 density at 15 ℃/(kg·m^-3)	803	780	790	761	751	760
-20 ℃下的黏度 viscosity at -20 ℃/(mm²·s^-1)	4.5	3.5	1.814	3.4	3.3	5.0
热值 calorific value/(MJ·kg^-1)	43.0	43.1	43.2	43.9	44.3	43.88
理想空燃比 ideal air-fuel ratio	—	—	16	—	—
十六烷值 cetane number	48.3	48.8	43.0	31.3	53.9	17.1

原料 raw material	温度/℃ temp.	催化剂 catalyst	主要产物¹⁾ product composition	转化率/% conversion ratio	产率/% yield	文献 ref.
大豆油 soybean oil	390	Ni-Mo/HY	烷烃和芳烃 alkanes and aromatics	95	48.2	[17]
麻风树油 jatropha oil	300	W-Pt/TiO₂	C₁₅，C₁₇ AH	86	86.0	[18]
棕榈油 palm oil	330	Ni-MoS₂/γ-Al₂O₃	C₁₀-C₁₂ AH	＞95	92.0	[19]
椰子油 coconut oil	350	Mo-Ni/γ-Al₂O₃	C₁₁-C₁₂ AH	97	94.0	[20]
蓖麻油 castor oil	360	NiAg/SAPO-11	C₈-C₁₅ AH	98	91.6	[21]
微藻油 microalgae oil	330	Pt-Re/SiO₂-Al₂O₃	C₁₀-C₂₀ AH	100	—	[22]
海藻油 algal oil	400	NiO-CoO-MoO	烷烃和烯烃 alkanes and aromatics	＞99	100	[14]
废旧油脂 waste oil	400	Ni/Meso-Y	C₁₅，C₁₇ AH	89.6	51.8	[23]
废食用油 waste cooking oil	300	Ni₂P/AC	C₁₅-C₁₉ AH	—	77.4	[24]
硬脂酸 stearic acid	325	Pd/HZSM-5	C₅-C₁₂碳氢化合物 hydrocarbon	100	—	[25]
油酸 oleic acid	330	NiMo/γ-Al₂O₃	C₈-C₁₈烷烃和烯烃 alkanes and aromatics	71.0	—	[26]

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生物质催化转化制备生物基航空燃料的研究进展

A Review on Recent Advances in Catalytic Conversion of Biomass for Selective Production of Bio-aviation Fuels

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