生物质气化联产燃气和炭的研究进展

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-2417.2023.03.018

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

首先对我国的生物质资源储量及其能源应用潜力进行了分析；其次详细介绍了生物质气化联产生物燃气和生物质炭技术的原理、技术路线及其影响因素；最后阐述了适应不同原料形态的多种气化集成系统典型案例，并对生物质气化技术进行了展望。生物质气化联产燃气和炭技术的成功实施对实现我国构建清洁低碳安全高效能源体系，提升可再生能源在国家能源供应中比例，实现“碳达峰”和“碳中和”具有重要意义。

关键词: 生物质, 资源储量, 气化联产, 可燃气, 生物质炭

Abstract:

In this work, the biomass resource reserve and its potential application as energy source in China was first analyzed. Subsequently, the principle, technical route, and the influence factors of the biomass gasification polygeneration for biogas and biochar technology were comprehensirvely introduced. Furthermore, the typical cases of multiple gasification integrated systems adapted to different feedstocks forms were described and the biomass gasification technology was prespected. The successful implementation of biomass gasification co-production of biogas and biochar technology was of great importantce for China to establish a clean, low-carbon, safe and efficient energy system, increase the share of the renewable energy in national energy supply, and achieve the goal of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality.

Key words: biomass, resource reserve, gasification polygeneration, biogas, biochar

中图分类号:

TQ35

马中青, 薛俊杰, 袁世震, 卢如飞, 王树荣. 生物质气化联产燃气和炭的研究进展[J]. 林产化学与工业, 2023, 43(3): 145-159.

Zhongqing MA, Junjie XUE, Shizhen YUAN, Rufei LU, Shurong WANG. Progress of Co-production of Gas and Char from Biomass Gasification[J]. Chemistry and Industry of Forest Products, 2023, 43(3): 145-159.

图/表 5

图1

图2

表1

表2

表3

参考文献 63

1	WEI J T , WANG M , WANG F , et al. A review on reactivity characteristics and synergy behavior of biomass and coal co-gasification[J]. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2021, 46 (33): 17116- 17132. doi: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2021.02.162
2	DAI H L , SU Y N , KUANG L C , et al. Contemplation on China's energy-development strategies and initiatives in the context of its carbon neutrality goal[J]. Engineering, 2021, 7 (12): 1684- 1687. doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.10.010
3	TEZER Ö , KARABAǦ N , ÖNGEN A , et al. Biomass gasification for sustainable energy production: A review[J]. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2022, 47 (34): 15419- 15433. doi: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2022.02.158
4	马中青, 张齐生, 周建斌, 等. 下吸式生物质固定床气化炉研究进展[J]. 南京林业大学学报(自然科学版), 2013, 37 (5): 139- 145.
	MA Z Q , ZHANG Q S , ZHOU J B , et al. Research progress of downdraft biomass fixed-bed gasifier[J]. Journal of Nanjing Forestry University(Natural Science Edition), 2013, 37 (5): 139- 145.
5	张齐生, 周建斌, 屈永标. 农林生物质的高效、无公害、资源化利用[J]. 林产工业, 2009, 36 (1): 3- 8.
	ZHANG Q S , ZHOU J B , QU Y B . High efficiency and pollution-free resources utilization of agricultural and forest biomass[J]. China Forest Products Industry, 2009, 36 (1): 3- 8.
6	ZANG Y M , MA H H , CHEN D Y , et al. Technical and benefit evaluation of fruit-wood waste gasification heating coproduction of an activated carbon system[J]. ACS Omega, 2020, 6 (1): 633- 641.
7	田宜水, 单明, 孔庚, 等. 我国生物质经济发展战略研究[J]. 中国工程科学, 2021, 23 (1): 133- 140.
	TIAN Y S , SHAN M , KONG G , et al. Development strategy of biomass economy in China[J]. Strategic Study of CAE, 2021, 23 (1): 133- 140.
8	中国产业发展促进会生物质能产业分会, 德国国际合作机构, 生态环境部环境工程评估中心, 等. 3060零碳生物质能发展潜力蓝皮书[R/OL]. (2021-09-15)[2022-09-08]. https://huanbao.bjx.com.cn/news/20210915/1177039.shtml.
	Biomass Energy Industry Promotion Association, Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit, Environmental Engineering Assessment Center of Ministry of Ecology and Environment, et al. 3060 Zero carbon biomass development potential blue book[R/OL]. (2021-09-15)[2022-09-08]. https://huanbao.bjx.com.cn/news/20210915/1177039.shtml.
9	国家发展和改革委员会, 财政部, 国家能源局. 关于印发《完善生物质发电项目建设运行的实施方案》的通知[EB/OL]. (2020-09-16)[2022-09-08]. https://www.ndrc.gov.cn/xxgk/zcfb/tz/202009/t20200916_1238868.html?code=&state=123.
	National Development and Reform Commission, Ministry of Finance, National Energy Administration. Notice on the issuance of the implementation plan for improving the construction and operation of biomass power projects[EB/OL]. (2020-09-16)[2022-09-08].https://www.ndrc.gov.cn/xxgk/zcfb/tz/202009/t20200916_1238868.html?code=&state=123.
10	国家能源局. 关于因地制宜做好可再生能源供暖相关工作的通知[EB/OL]. (2021-01-27)[2022-09-08]. http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/zhengceku/2021-02/13/content_5586982.htm.
	National Energy Administration. Notice on the work related to renewable energy heating in accordance with local conditions[EB/OL]. (2021-01-27)[2022-09-08]. http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/zhengceku/2021-02/13/content_5586982.htm.
11	国家发展和改革委员会, 国家能源局, 财政部, 等. 关于印发"十四五"可再生能源发展规划的通知[EB/OL]. (2021-10-21)[2022-09-08]. https://www.ndrc.gov.cn/xwdt/tzgg/202206/t20220601_1326720_ext.html.
	National Development and Reform Commission, National Energy Administration, Ministry of Finance. Notice on the issuance of the 14th Five-Year Plan for renewable energy development[EB/OL]. (2021-10-21)[2022-09-08]. https://www.ndrc.gov.cn/xwdt/tzgg/202206/t20220601_1326720_ext.html.
12	MA Z Q , ZHANG Y M , ZHANG Q S , et al. Design and experimental investigation of a 190 kW_e biomass fixed bed gasification and polygeneration pilot plant using a double air stage downdraft approach[J]. Energy, 2012, 46 (1): 140- 147. doi: 10.1016/j.energy.2012.09.008
13	SCHULZKE T . Biomass gasification: Conversion of forest residues into heat, electricity and base chemicals[J]. Chemical Papers, 2019, 73 (8): 1833- 1852. doi: 10.1007/s11696-019-00801-1
14	MOLINO A , CHIANESE S , MUSMARRA D . Biomass gasification technology: The state of the art overview[J]. Journal of Energy Chemistry, 2016, 25 (1): 10- 25. doi: 10.1016/j.jechem.2015.11.005
15	SANSANIWAL S K , PAL K , ROSEN M A , et al. Recent advances in the development of biomass gasification technology: A comprehensive review[J]. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2017, 72, 363- 384. doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2017.01.038
16	DIN Z U , ZAINAL Z A . Biomass integrated gasification-SOFC systems: Technology overview[J]. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2016, 53, 1356- 1376. doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2015.09.013
17	刘华财, 吴创之, 谢建军, 等. 生物质气化技术及产业发展分析[J]. 新能源进展, 2019, 7 (1): 1- 12.
	LIU H C , WU C Z , XIE J J , et al. Status and development of technology and applications of biomass gasification[J]. Advances in New and Renewable Energy, 2019, 7 (1): 1- 12.
18	彭敏, 毕大鹏, 邵如意, 等. 我国生物质气化炉研究现状及未来的挑战[J]. 能源化工, 2020, 41 (4): 1- 6.
	PENG M , BI D P , SHAO R Y , et al. Research progress and future challenges of biomass gasifier in China[J]. Energy Chemical Industry, 2020, 41 (4): 1- 6.
19	肖陆飞, 哈云, 孟飞, 等. 生物质气化技术研究与应用进展[J]. 现代化工, 2020, 40 (12): 68-72, 76 doi: 10.16606/j.cnki.issn0253-4320.2020.12.014
	XIAO L F , HA Y , MENG F , et al. Research and application progress on biomass gasification technologies[J]. Modern Chemical Industry, 2020, 40 (12): 68-72, 76 doi: 10.16606/j.cnki.issn0253-4320.2020.12.014
20	PANCHAL A, RAGHUVANSHI V, RAMANJANEYULU B, et al. Biomass gasification of carbonaceous feedstock for syngas production: A review[C/OL]//Journal of Physics: Conference Series. [S. l. ]: IOP Publishing, 2021, 2070(1): 012062[2022-09-08]. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2070/1/012062.
21	KUSHWAH A, REINA T R, SHORT M. Modelling approaches for biomass gasifiers: A comprehensive overview[J/OL]. Science of the Total Environment, 2022, 834: 155243[2022-09-08]. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155243.
22	MAHINPEY N , GOMEZ A . Review of gasification fundamentals and new findings: Reactors, feedstock, and kinetic studies[J]. Chemical Engineering Science, 2016, 148, 14- 31. doi: 10.1016/j.ces.2016.03.037
23	MAITLO G, ALI I, MANGI K H, et al. Thermochemical conversion of biomass for syngas production: Current status and future trends[J/OL]. Sustainability, 2022, 14(5): 2596[2022-09-08]. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14052596.
24	JANAJREH I , RAZA S S , VALMUNDSSON A S . Plasma gasification process: Modeling, simulation and comparison with conventional air gasification[J]. Energy Conversion and Management, 2013, 65, 801- 809. doi: 10.1016/j.enconman.2012.03.010
25	AJORLOO M , GHODRAT M , SCOTT J , et al. Recent advances in thermodynamic analysis of biomass gasification: A review on numerical modelling and simulation[J]. Journal of the Energy Institute, 2022, 102, 395- 419. doi: 10.1016/j.joei.2022.05.003
26	AKAY G , JORDAN C A . Gasification of fuel cane bagasse in a downdraft gasifier: Influence of lignocellulosic composition and fuel particle size on syngas composition and yield[J]. Energy & Fuels, 2011, 25 (5): 2274- 2283.
27	HOQUE M E, RASHID F, AZIZ M. Gasification and power generation characteristics of rice husk, sawdust, and coconut shell using a fixed-bed downdraft gasifier[J/OL]. Sustainability, 2021, 13(4): 2027[2022-09-08]. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13042027.
28	HE J , YANG Z Q , GUO M N , et al. Experimental study on the key factors affecting the gasification performance between different biomass: Compare citrus peel with pine sawdust[J]. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2022, 47 (71): 30428- 30439. doi: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2022.07.004
29	朱锡锋, 陆强. 生物质热解原理与技术[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 2014.
	ZHU X F , LU Q . Biomass Pyrolysis Principles and Technology[M]. Beijing: Science Press, 2014.
30	VENUGOPAL D , THANGAVELU L , ELUMALAI N . Air and oxygen gasification simulation analysis of sawdust[J]. Thermal Science, 2019, 23, 1043- 1053.
31	NIU M M , HUANG Y , JIN B S , et al. Oxygen gasification of municipal solid waste in a fixed-bed gasifier[J]. Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2014, 22 (9): 1021- 1026. doi: 10.1016/j.cjche.2014.06.026
32	牛永红, 韩枫涛, 陈义胜. 高温蒸汽松木颗粒富氢气化试验[J]. 农业工程学报, 2016, 32 (3): 247- 252.
	NIU Y H , HAN F T , CHEN Y S . High-temperature steam gasification of pine particles for hydrogen-rich gas[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2016, 32 (3): 247- 252.
33	GIL J , AZNAR M P , CABALLERO M A , et al. Biomass gasification in fluidized bed at pilot scale with steam-oxygen mixtures: Product distribution for very different operating conditions[J]. Energy & Fuels, 1997, 11 (6): 1109- 1118.
34	MAITLO G , MAHAR R B , BHATTI Z A , et al. A comprehensive literature review of thermochemical conversion of biomass for syngas production and associated challenges[J]. Mehran University Research Journal of Engineering & Technology, 2019, 38 (2): 495- 512.
35	陈雨佳, 王勤辉, 王中霞, 等. 秸秆循环流化床空气气化特性的实验研究[J]. 动力工程学报, 2019, 39 (10): 847- 852.
	CHEN Y J , WANG Q H , WANG Z X , et al. Experimental research on straw gasification characteristics in a circulated fluidized bed[J]. Journal of Chinese Society of Power Engineering, 2019, 39 (10): 847- 852.
36	KUMAR A , ESKRIDGE K , JONES D D , et al. Steam-air fluidized bed gasification of distillers grains: Effects of steam to biomass ratio, equivalence ratio and gasification temperature[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2009, 100 (6): 2062- 2068.
37	田洪明. 稻壳的热解与旋风空气气化特性研究[D]. 哈尔滨: 哈尔滨工业大学, 2010.
	TIAN H M. Study on rice husk pyrolysis and air cyclone gasification[D]. Harbin: Harbin Institute of Technology, 2010.
38	LYU P M , XIONG Z H , CHANG J , et al. An experimental study on biomass air-steam gasification in a fluidized bed[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2004, 95 (1): 95- 101.
39	MA Z Q , YE J W , ZHAO C , et al. Gasification of rice husk in a downdraft gasifier: The effect of equivalence ratio on the gasification performance, properties, and utilization analysis of byproducts of char and tar[J]. BioResources, 2015, 10 (2): 2888- 2902.
40	MANSARAY K G , GHALY A E , AL-TAWEEL A M , et al. Air gasification of rice husk in a dual distributor type fluidized bedgasifier[J]. Biomass and Bioenergy, 1999, 17 (4): 315- 332.
41	马中青, 叶结旺, 赵超, 等. 基于下吸式固定床的木片气化试验[J]. 农业工程学报, 2016, 32 (增刊1): 267- 274.
	MA Z Q , YE J W , ZHAO C , et al. Experimental investigation of wood chip gasification using downdraft fixed bed gasifier[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2016, 32 (Suppl.1): 267- 274.
42	张齐生. 农林生物质气化多联产技术的集成与应用[J]. 林业与生态, 2015, (5): 14- 15.
	ZHANG Q S . Integrated and application of agricultural and forest biomass gasification poly-generation technology[J]. Forestry and Ecology, 2015, (5): 14- 15.
43	李学琴, 刘鹏, 吴幼青, 等. 生物质气化技术的发展现状及展望[J]. 林产化学与工业, 2022, 42 (5): 113- 121.
	LI X Q , LIU P , WU Y Q , et al. Development Status and prospect of biomass gasification technology[J]. Chemistry and Industry of Forest Products, 2022, 42 (5): 113- 121.
44	陈红健, 范晓旭, 韩中合, 等. 生物质流态化炭气联产初步研究[J]. 农机化研究, 2015, 37 (5): 242- 245.
	CHEN H J , FAN X X , HAN Z H , et al. A preliminary study of biochar-gas cogeneration from biomass fluidized pyrolysis[J]. Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research, 2015, 37 (5): 242- 245.
45	李军, 笪耀东, 刘雪敏, 等. 我国锅炉装备绿色低碳发展路径研究[J]. 中国工程科学, 2022, 24 (4): 212- 221.
	LI J , DA Y D , LIU X M , et al. Green and low-carbon development path of boiler equipment in China[J]. Strategic Study of CAE, 2022, 24 (4): 212- 221.
46	孙立, 张晓东. 生物质热解气化原理与技术[M]. 北京: 化学工业出版社, 2013.
	SUN L , ZHANG X D . Biomass Pyrolysis Gasification Principles and Technology[M]. Beijing: Chemical Industry Press, 2013.
47	CHEN W , MENG J , HAN X , et al. Past, present, and future of biochar[J]. Biochar, 2019, 1 (1): 75- 87.
48	周建斌, 周秉亮, 马欢欢, 等. 生物质气化多联产技术的集成创新与应用[J]. 林业工程学报, 2016, 1 (2): 1- 8.
	ZHOU J B , ZHOU B L , MA H H , et al. Integrated innovation and application of biomass gasification poly-generation technology[J]. Journal of Forestry Engineering, 2016, 1 (2): 1- 8.
49	周建斌, 段红燕, 李思思, 等. 杨木炭胶合成型速燃炭的制备与燃烧性能[J]. 农业工程学报, 2010, 26 (6): 257- 261.
	ZHOU J B , DAUN H Y , LI S S , et al. Preparation and combustion properties of inflammable carbon from poplar carbon[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2010, 26 (6): 257- 261.
50	刘石彩, 边轶, 童娅娟, 等. 生物质炭粉成型工艺及燃烧性能[J]. 生物质化学工程, 2011, 45 (1): 10- 14.
	LIU S C , BIAN Y , TONG Y J , et al. Forming process and combustion properties of biomass charcoal powder[J]. Biomass Chemical Engineerin, 2011, 45 (1): 10- 14.
51	吴有龙, 徐嘉龙, 马中青, 等. KOH活化法制备气化稻壳活性炭及其吸附性能[J]. 生物质化学工程, 2021, 55 (1): 31- 38.
	WU Y L , XU J L , MA Z Q , et al. Preparation of activated carbon from gasified rice husk char activated by KOH and its adsorption properties[J]. Biomass Chemical Engineering, 2021, 55 (1): 31- 38.
52	薛俊杰, 黄明, 朱亮, 等. 竹材下吸式固定床气化中试试验及其产物的增值应用[J]. 林业工程学报, 2022, 7 (2): 111- 120.
	XUE J J , HUANG M , ZHU L , et al. Experimental investigation of bamboo gasification using pilot scale downdraft fixed-bed gasifier and the value-added application of bio-gas and bio-char[J]. Journal of Forestry Engineering, 2022, 7 (2): 111- 120.
53	章一蒙, 王恋, 周建斌, 等. 樟子松气化联产炭制备活性炭的试验[J]. 林业工程学报, 2016, 1 (4): 85- 90.
	ZHANG Y M , WANG L , ZHOU J B , et al. Preparation of activated carbon using polygeneration with Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica gasification[J]. Journal of Forestry Engineering, 2016, 1 (4): 85- 90.
54	章一蒙, 马欢欢, 陈登宇, 等. 3MW杏壳气化发电联产活性炭、热、肥的应用案例分析[J]. 化工进展, 2021, 40 (3): 1667- 1674.
	ZHANG Y M , MA H H , CHEN D Y , et al. Application case analysis of 3MW apricot shell gasification power generation co-production of activated carbon, heat and fertilizer[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2021, 40 (3): 1667- 1674.
55	张齐生, 马中青, 周建斌. 生物质气化技术的再认识[J]. 南京林业大学学报(自然科学版), 2013, 37 (1): 1- 10.
	ZHANG Q S , MA Z Q , ZHOU J B . History, challenge and solution of biomass gasification: A review[J]. Journal of Nanjing Forestry University(Natural Science Edition), 2013, 37 (1): 1- 10.
56	陈温福, 张伟明, 孟军, 等. 生物炭应用技术研究[J]. 中国工程科学, 2011, 13 (2): 83- 89.
	CHEN W F , ZHANG W M , MENG J , et al. Researches on biochar application technology[J]. Strategic Study of CAE, 2011, 13 (2): 83- 89.
57	阎淑滑, 白怀瑾, 张雪平, 等. 生物质炭基肥在辣椒上的应用效果初报[J]. 农业科技通讯, 2022, (9): 69-70, 154
	YAN S H , BAI H J , ZHANG X P , et al. Preliminary report on the application effect of biochar based fertilizer on pepper[J]. Bulletin of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2022, (9): 69-70, 154
58	周建斌, 邓丛静, 陈金林, 等. 棉秆炭对镉污染土壤的修复效果[J]. 生态环境, 2008, 17 (5): 1857- 1860.
	ZHOU J B , DENG C J , CHEN J L , et al. Remediation effects of cotton stalk carbon on cadmium(Cd) contaminated soil[J]. Ecology and Environment, 2008, 17 (5): 1857- 1860.
59	张建云, 吴胜春, 王敏艳, 等. 烟秆炭修复重金属污染土壤的效应及对烟草生长的影响[J]. 浙江农林大学学报, 2018, 35 (4): 674- 683.
	ZHANG J Y , WU S C , WANG M Y , et al. Tobacco stalk biochar in heavy metal contaminated soil amendments with tobacco production[J]. Journal of Zhejiang A & F University, 2018, 35 (4): 674- 683.
60	张原原, 王聪颖, 李增波, 等. 生物质炭对土壤中PAHs总量及有效性的影响研究[J]. 农业环境科学学报, 2017, 36 (2): 286- 292.
	ZHANG Y Y , WANG C Y , LI Z B , et al. Effects of biochar on the total and bioavailable polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)in soil[J]. Journal of Agro-Environment Science, 2017, 36 (2): 286- 292.
61	ZHANG X , LI K , ZHANG C , et al. Performance analysis of biomass gasification coupled with a coal-fired boiler system at various loads[J]. Waste Management, 2020, 105, 84- 91.
62	LIU H, YE C, ZHAO Y, et al.Performance analysis of biomass gasification coupled with ultra-supercritical power generation system[J/OL].Chemical Engineering and Processing-Process Intensification, 2022, 179: 109093[2022-09-08].https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cep.2022.109093.
63	国务院国有资产监督管理委员会.我国首个以农林秸秆为主要原料的生物质气化与燃煤耦合发电项目试验成功[EB/OL].(2020-07-11)[2022-09-08].http://www.sasac.gov.cn/n2588025/n2588124/c9230620/content.html.
	State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council.The first biomass gasification and coal-fired coupling power generation project with agricultural and forestry straw as the main raw material has been successfully tested[EB/OL].(2020-07-11)[2022-09-08].http://www.sasac.gov.cn/n2588025/n2588124/c9230620/content.html.

原料feedstock	炉型gasifier type	CH₄/%	CO₂/%	CO/%	H₂/%	O₂/%	Q_LHV¹⁾/(kJ·m^-3)
木片wood chip	上吸式固定床updraft fixed bed	3.94	19.62	12.62	12.35	0.27	5 300
棉秆cotton stalk	上吸式固定床updraft fixed bed	1.92	11.60	22.70	11.50	1.50	4 916
稻壳rice husk	下吸式固定床downdraft fixed bed	2.60	13.50	14.50	9.50	1.61	3 762
杏仁壳almond shell	下吸式固定床downdraft fixed bed	3.32	17.64	10.84	14.87	0.27	4 351
玉米秸秆corn stalk	流化床fluidized bed	6.40	17.10	14.00	6.70	0.21	4 800
木屑wood sawdust	流化床fluidized bed	4.04	10.50	23.40	13.76	0.40	6 086

生物质炭类型species of biochar	炉型gasifier	元素分析/% element analysis					工业分析/% industry analysis			Q_HHV¹⁾/(MJ·kg^-1)
生物质炭类型species of biochar	炉型gasifier	C	H	O	N	S	挥发分volatiles	固定碳fixed carbon	灰分ash	Q_HHV¹⁾/(MJ·kg^-1)
松木炭pine biochar	上吸式固定床updraft fixed bed	81.63	2.12	14.36	0.42	0.13	9.76	81.80	8.44	30.3
桑树枝炭mulberry branch biochar	上吸式固定床updraft fixed bed	82.17	0.69	9.21	0.94	0.07	12.26	80.82	6.92	30.2
柳树枝炭willow branch biochar	上吸式固定床updraft fixed bed	88.52	0.58	3.10	0.88	0.12	6.56	86.64	6.80	31.2
稻壳炭rice husk biochar	下吸式固定床downdraft fixed bed	60.94	1.85	13.53	0.81	0.11	5.21	49.44	45.35	18.5
杏壳炭almond shell biochar	下吸式固定床downdraft fixed bed	90.49	1.31	15.79	0.24	0.06	6.96	89.87	2.17	29.4
油茶壳炭camellia oleifera shell biochar	下吸式固定床downdraft fixed bed	81.58	0.29	7.66	0.63	0.14	10.61	79.69	9.70	30.2
麦秸秆炭wheat straw biochar	流化床fluidized bed	68.61	1.54	8.45	0.47	0.07	12.54	65.83	21.70	22.2
玉米秸秆炭corn stalk biochar	流化床fluidized bed	60.49	0.30	4.25	0.92	0.27	8.03	58.20	33.77	21.0
棉秸秆炭cotton stalk biochar	流化床fluidized bed	71.57	0.25	8.31	1.21	1.36	12.15	70.55	17.30	28.4

样品名称sample	活化剂activation agent	活化剂/炭activation agent/bio-char	活化温度/℃ activation temperature	比表面积/(m²·g^-1)specific surface area	孔容积pore volume/(cm³·g^-1)			碘吸附值/(mg·g^-1)iodine adsorption value
样品名称sample	活化剂activation agent	活化剂/炭activation agent/bio-char	活化温度/℃ activation temperature	比表面积/(m²·g^-1)specific surface area	总孔total pore	微孔micropore	中孔mesopore	碘吸附值/(mg·g^-1)iodine adsorption value
气化稻壳炭gasified rice husk char				154.07	0.155	0.013	0.068	96
稻壳活性炭activated carbon of rice husk	KOH	2∶1	800	1 829.09	1.007	0.574	0.228	1 985
气化竹炭gasified bamboo char				46.45	0.031	0.019	0.008	45
竹活性炭activated carbon of bamboo	KOH	3∶1	900	1 388.55	0.900	0.434	0.320	1 850
气化松木炭gasified pine wood char				290.12	0.230	0.030		181
松木活性炭activated carbon of pine wood	NaOH	2.5∶1	800	1 702.22	0.928	0.191		1 800
杏仁壳活性炭activated carbon of almond shell	H₂O		800-1 000	967.34				1 020

[1]	常春, 毋晋生, 陈志勇. 糠酸制备生物质基2, 5-呋喃二甲酸的研究进展[J]. 林产化学与工业, 2023, 43(2): 1-11.
[2]	苏允泓, 任菊荣, 孙云娟, 蒋剑春, 许乐. 烘焙提升生物质燃料品质的研究[J]. 林产化学与工业, 2023, 43(2): 27-35.
[3]	任菊荣, 苏允泓, 孙云娟, 应浩, 杨中志, 许乐. K/Ca催化木屑水蒸气气化制取富氢合成气[J]. 林产化学与工业, 2023, 43(1): 15-24.
[4]	程琴, 沈娟章, 蔡燕燕, 叶俊, 午紫阳, 谭卫红. 水热液化制备5-羟甲基糠醛的碳稳定同位素分馏研究[J]. 林产化学与工业, 2023, 43(1): 63-71.
[5]	郑云武, 王继大, 李冬华, 刘灿, 丁章帅, 郑志锋. 生物质催化转化制备生物基航空燃料的研究进展[J]. 林产化学与工业, 2023, 43(1): 140-154.
[6]	李学琴, 刘鹏, 吴幼青, 雷廷宙, 吴诗勇, 黄胜. 生物质气化技术的发展现状及展望[J]. 林产化学与工业, 2022, 42(5): 113-121.
[7]	王硕, 王永贵, 肖泽芳, 谢延军. 生物基水凝胶制备与应用研究进展[J]. 林产化学与工业, 2022, 42(5): 122-136.
[8]	王芳, 张红丹. Aspen Plus计算机模拟技术在纤维乙醇原料预处理中的应用研究进展[J]. 林产化学与工业, 2022, 42(4): 119-130.
[9]	王帅, 唐兴, 孙勇, 曾宪海, 林鹿. 5-氯甲基糠醛水解制备5-羟甲基糠醛的工艺优化及反应动力学研究[J]. 林产化学与工业, 2022, 42(3): 65-74.
[10]	杜艺飞, 蒲悦, 张力平, 赵强, 宋先亮. 木质素在直接生物质燃料电池中产电性能研究[J]. 林产化学与工业, 2022, 42(3): 75-82.
[11]	鲁玉鑫, 卢林刚. 单宁酸的热性能及热分解动力学研究[J]. 林产化学与工业, 2022, 42(3): 83-89.
[12]	刘玉鹏, 况培培, 陈莹, 王基夫, 王春鹏, 储富祥. 生物质基刺激响应型水凝胶研究进展[J]. 林产化学与工业, 2022, 42(3): 126-134.
[13]	于婷婷, 吕宗泽, 李想, 胡锦东, 李沛延, 李志国. 竹基超厚炭电极材料的制备及其电化学性能研究[J]. 林产化学与工业, 2022, 42(2): 10-18.
[14]	李梦雨, 杨鹏, 常春, 陈志勇, 宋建德. 糠醛渣高值化利用的研究进展[J]. 林产化学与工业, 2021, 41(6): 117-126.
[15]	陈浩男, 于婷, 周亚丽, 雷西萍, 关晓琳. 生物质活性炭基超级电容器电极材料研究进展[J]. 林产化学与工业, 2021, 41(5): 113-125.