糠醛生产废水废渣的资源化利用研究进展

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-2417.2016.03.020

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 糠醛生产废水温度达95~99℃,醋酸高达1.43%~2.84%,化学耗氧量(COD) 10 000~20 000 mg/L,生物耗氧量(BOD)2 500~3 000 mg/L,BOD/COD=0.20~0.25,生物处理困难,长期以来严重困扰着糠醛生产行业的可持续发展。近年开发出多种萃取剂,回收了糠醛生产废水中90%以上的醋酸,采用的多级逆流萃取,萃取效率高达97%~99%。新开发的氧化钙中和-双效蒸发-精馏工艺技术,中和了废水的酸度,利用了废水的热能,废水中大量醋酸得到资源化利用,制成环保型醋酸钙镁(CMA)融雪剂,大大降低了传统CMA融雪剂生产成本,解决了数十年来氯化钠融雪剂腐蚀公路设施的难题,废水基本做到零排放。将糠醛生产废渣高温发酵后制取环保有机肥,或在制糠醛时联产制取木质素和乙醇,也已展示出良好的产业化前景。

关键词: 糠醛, 醋酸, 醋酸钙镁, 融雪剂, 废渣

Abstract: The temperature and acetic acid content of wastewater from furfural production were 95-99℃ and 1.43%-2.84%. Moreover, the chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and BOD/COD of raw wastewater were 10 000-20 000 mg/L, 2 500-3 000 mg/L and 0.20-0.25, respectively. The sustainable development of furfural industry was seriously restricted by the difficult biodegradation of furfural wastewater. Several newly-developed extraction agents in combination with multi-stage counter current extraction could recycle more than 90% of acetic acid in furfural wastewater and the extraction efficiency could reach 97%-99%. The calcium oxide neutralization-double effect evaporation-distillation technology has been applied to neutralize acid of wastewater. The waste heat energy was recovered and a lot of acetic acid of wastewater was also recovered efficiently to produce environmental protection type calcium magnesium acetate(CMA) snowmelt agent. This technology could greatly reduce the production cost of traditional CMA snowmelt agent and realize the zero discharge of wastewater. After high temperature fermentation, furfural production waste residue was made into the organic fertilizer, or lignin and fiber ethanol were acquired simultaneously with the production of furfural. And this also showed a good prospect of industrialization.

Key words: furfural, acetic acid, calcium magnesium acetate, snowmelt agent, waste residues

中图分类号:

TQ35

施英乔, 丁来保, 盘爱享, 梁龙, 冉淼, 房桂干. 糠醛生产废水废渣的资源化利用研究进展[J]. 林产化学与工业, 2016, 36(3): 133-138.

SHI Ying-qiao, DING Lai-bao, PAN Ai-xiang, LIANG Long, RAN Miao, FANG Gui-guan. Resource Utilization of Furfural Production Wastewater and Residues[J]. Chemistry and Industry of Forest Products, 2016, 36(3): 133-138.

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