生物质亲水多孔炭的制备及其储能行为研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-2417.2023.05.016

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以废弃的一次性竹筷为碳源, 经NaOH与Na₂SO₃混合液预处理后, 通过直接热解法并用去离子水洗涤后, 制备了竹基多孔炭, 并对其表面形貌、比表面积、孔道结构和表面润湿性进行了表征分析。研究结果表明：相比去离子水预处理的竹基多孔炭(PC-H), NaOH和Na₂SO₃混合液预处理的竹基多孔炭(PC-Na)具有高比表面积(1 434 m²/g)、发达的孔道结构(0.69 cm³/g)和较高的亲水性(与水接触角约53.5°)。以制备的竹基多孔炭PC-Na为正极, 组装的水系锌离子混合电容器(ZIHSC)在电流密度0.2 A/g时, 比电容可达75.6(mA·h)/g；当电流密度增大到50倍时, 比电容保持率为52%, 表现出优异的倍率性能；能量密度最高可达59.3(W·h)/kg, 功率密度最高可达7.6 kW/kg。在电流密度5 A/g下, 经过5 000次充/放电循环比电容仅衰减2.7%, 具有优异的循环稳定性。

关键词: 生物质, 多孔炭, 电化学, 锌离子混合电容器, 筷子废弃物

Abstract:

Using waste disposable bamboo chopsticks as carbon source, bamboo-based porous carbon was prepared by direct pyrolysis followed by washing with deionized water after pretreatment with NaOH and Na₂SO₃. The surface morphology, specific surface area, pore structure and surface wettability were characterized and analyzed. The results showed that compared with bamboo-based porous carbon(PC-H) pretreated with deionized water, bamboo-based porous carbon(PC-Na) pretreated with NaOH and Na₂SO₃ mixture possessed high surface area(1 434 m²/g), well-developed porous structure(0.69 cm³/g) and excellent wettability(water contact angle of about 53.5°). Using the produced bamboo-based porous carbon as the positive electrode, the assembled aqueous Zn-ion hybrid supercapacitor(ZIHSC) displayed a high specific capacity of 75.6(mA·h)/g at a current density of 0.2 A/g. When the current density increased to 50 times, the specific capacitance retention rate was 52%, showing excellent rate performance. The maximum energy density was 59.3(W·h)/kg and the maximum power density was up to 7.6 kW/kg. The specific capacitance decays was only 2.7% after 5 000 charge-discharge cycles at a current density of 5 A/g, showing excellent cycle stability.

Key words: biomass, porous carbon, electrochemistry, Zn-ion hybrid supercapacitor, chopsticks wastes

中图分类号:

TQ35
TB32

刘欢, 姜路, 余艳玲, 黄秀丽, 许茂东, 任一鸣. 生物质亲水多孔炭的制备及其储能行为研究[J]. 林产化学与工业, 2023, 43(5): 117-124.

Huan LIU, Lu JIANG, Yanling YU, Xiuli HUANG, Maodong XU, Yiming REN. Biomass-derived Hydrophilic Porous Carbons for Energy Storage[J]. Chemistry and Industry of Forest Products, 2023, 43(5): 117-124.

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样品 samples	S_BET/ (m²·g^-1)	孔容/(cm³·g^-1) pore volume	平均孔径/nm average pore size
PC-H	865	0.34	1.48
PC-Na	1 434	0.69	1.94

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